發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-12 17:53

【摘要】：寫作活動(dòng)以寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的產(chǎn)生為發(fā)端。寫作動(dòng)機(jī)是寫作主體的心理傾向,產(chǎn)生于寫作主體復(fù)雜的心理活動(dòng)過(guò)程中。近年來(lái),學(xué)者們運(yùn)用心理學(xué)流派的理論研究寫作動(dòng)機(jī),從各個(gè)角度揭示了寫作動(dòng)機(jī)內(nèi)在運(yùn)行機(jī)制,但運(yùn)用行為主義研究寫作學(xué)中寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的成果卻相對(duì)較少,因此用行為主義的理論研究寫作動(dòng)機(jī)有一定價(jià)值意義。行為主義起源于20世紀(jì)初的美國(guó),以華生、斯金納、班杜拉為代表。行為主義心理學(xué)是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)心理學(xué)的一種反叛,行為主義心理學(xué)家摒棄心靈主義者標(biāo)榜的“內(nèi)省”研究方式,主張采用刺激—反應(yīng)(符號(hào)為:S-R)的基礎(chǔ)模式進(jìn)行客觀心理研究。其革故立新,不因循傳統(tǒng)的研究方法在心理學(xué)流派中別樹一幟,以行為為唯一研究對(duì)象的理論方法在20世紀(jì)20年代以后盛行一時(shí)。本文將以寫作動(dòng)機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,在對(duì)行為主義與寫作動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行整體概述后,運(yùn)用行為主義的原理、知識(shí)和方法,結(jié)合具體的實(shí)例論述寫作動(dòng)機(jī)。文章重在分析寫作主體動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的因素、條件,揭示寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行機(jī)制,探究寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的規(guī)律,培養(yǎng)寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的方法。以行為主義的視野來(lái)圍繞寫作動(dòng)機(jī)研究,文章共分三個(gè)部分。第一部分首先對(duì)行為主義和寫作動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的界定和梳理,并進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明行為主義方法對(duì)寫作動(dòng)機(jī)研究的意義。第二部分依據(jù)行為主義的理論闡述寫作動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的條件,從動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的生理基礎(chǔ)、環(huán)境刺激和內(nèi)在調(diào)節(jié)三個(gè)方面分析,依據(jù)行為主義理論模型闡釋寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行機(jī)制,揭示寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行方式。第三部分主要運(yùn)用行為主義的學(xué)習(xí)觀點(diǎn)從習(xí)慣、強(qiáng)化和觀察三個(gè)方面探討培養(yǎng)寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的方法。在借鑒前人研究和文本細(xì)讀基礎(chǔ)上,本文旨在運(yùn)用行為主義原理及文學(xué)創(chuàng)作理論對(duì)寫作動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行分析和探討,以期自己為寫作動(dòng)機(jī)的研究做出一點(diǎn)微薄的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Writing activities start with the emergence of writing motivation. Writing motivation is the psychological tendency of the writing subject, which comes from the complicated psychological activity of the writing subject. In recent years, scholars have used the theories of psychological schools to study writing motivation, revealing the internal operating mechanism of writing motivation from various angles, but the achievement of using behaviorism to study writing motivation is relatively few. Therefore, the study of writing motivation by behaviorism has a certain value. Behaviorism originated in the United States in the early 20 th century, represented by Watson, Skinner and Bandura. Behaviorism psychology is a kind of rebellion to the traditional psychology. Behaviorist psychologists abandon the "introspection" research method that the psychophiles claim, and advocate the objective psychological research by using the basic mode of stimulus-response (symbol: S-R). Its innovation, not following the traditional research methods in the school of psychology, the theory of behavior as the only object of study became popular after the 1920s. This paper will take writing motivation as the research object, after summarizing behaviorism and writing motivation as a whole, using the principle, knowledge and method of behaviorism, combined with concrete examples to discuss writing motivation. This paper focuses on analyzing the factors and conditions of writing motivation, revealing the operating mechanism of writing motivation, exploring the law of writing motivation, and developing the method of writing motivation. This paper focuses on the study of writing motivation from the perspective of behaviorism, which is divided into three parts. The first part simply defines and combs behaviorism and writing motivation, and further explains the significance of behaviorism in the study of writing motivation. The second part expounds the conditions of writing motivation according to behaviorism theory, analyzes the physiological basis of motivation, environmental stimulation and internal regulation, and explains the operating mechanism of writing motivation according to behaviorism theory model. To reveal the mode of writing motivation. The third part mainly discusses the methods of cultivating writing motivation from three aspects: habit, reinforcement and observation. On the basis of previous research and text reading, this paper aims to analyze and discuss the writing motivation by using the behaviorism principle and literary creation theory, in order to make a little contribution to the study of the writing motivation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I04

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