【摘要】： 象征(symbol)是一個(gè)和眾多與人類思維有關(guān)的學(xué)科相聯(lián)系的概念,早在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)期的巫術(shù)與神話中,就已存在象征的運(yùn)用。在西方文化語境中,幾乎各學(xué)科領(lǐng)域都有對(duì)象征的研究與闡述。在西語語境中,symbol兼具“象征”與“符號(hào)”兩種含義,在學(xué)術(shù)史上,一直存在“象征”還是“符號(hào)”的辯論,而實(shí)際上,在語言學(xué)、藝術(shù)學(xué)、文化學(xué)與心理學(xué)層面上,象征與符號(hào)在很多時(shí)候是等同的,符號(hào)是具有象征意味的符號(hào),象征是需要符號(hào)指稱的象征。本文就試圖從上述幾方面梳理出象征作為符號(hào)的理論發(fā)展過程。 無論學(xué)術(shù)史上對(duì)象征概念的界定多么繁雜,我們都不能忽視對(duì)象征的符號(hào)意義的研究。早在古希臘時(shí)期,亞里士多德就從語言學(xué)的角度對(duì)象征與符號(hào)的關(guān)系做了說明。在此之后,盧梭從發(fā)生學(xué)的角度談到了語言的象征意味。19世紀(jì),美國神秘主義詩人愛默生從存在與語言關(guān)系的角度,論述了象征在人類文化生成中的作用。弗萊將文學(xué)作品的詞語看作了一種符號(hào),而這個(gè)符號(hào)是象征的。而在克莉斯蒂娃的理論中,符號(hào)潛匿于象征語言內(nèi)部,二者相互依賴。作為藝術(shù)符號(hào)的象征在萊辛、黑格爾和象征主義詩人們那里得到了闡釋。符號(hào)學(xué)中的象征符號(hào)理論以黑格爾、索緒爾與皮爾斯為代表。黑格爾認(rèn)為“象征首先是一種符號(hào)”;索緒爾對(duì)象征與符號(hào)的關(guān)系尚不明確;而在皮爾斯那里,象征成為了符號(hào)的一員。在文化學(xué)中,象征符號(hào)論得到了更為充分地闡釋,其中尤以謝林、卡西爾為重。謝林認(rèn)為美是象征地以符號(hào)方式表現(xiàn)的;卡西爾的“象征-符號(hào)”存在理論有著更為深遠(yuǎn)的影響,他認(rèn)為人就是符號(hào)象征的動(dòng)物。在心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域弗洛伊德和榮格的理論中,象征就是符號(hào),而在拉康(Lacan)的著作中,符號(hào)和象征也是吻合的。 象征符號(hào)論在人類生活中起著重要的作用,因?yàn)槿说谋举|(zhì)是由符號(hào)象征性規(guī)定的,借象征符號(hào)人類創(chuàng)造了文化。語言、神話、宗教、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)都是借助象征才得以呈現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Symbolic (symbol) is a concept associated with many disciplines related to human thinking. Symbolism has been used in ancient times in witchcraft and mythology. In the context of western culture, almost every discipline has the research and elaboration of symbolism. In the context of Spanish language, symbol has both the meaning of "symbol" and "symbol". In academic history, there has always been a debate between "symbol" and "symbol", but in fact, in linguistics, art, culture and psychology, there has always been a debate about "symbol" or "symbol". Symbols and symbols are often identical. Symbols are symbols with symbolic meanings, and symbols are symbols that need to be referred to. This paper tries to sort out the theoretical development process of symbolism as symbol from the above aspects. No matter how complicated the definition of symbolism is in academic history, we cannot ignore the study of symbolic meaning. As early as ancient Greece, Aristotle explained the relationship between symbol and symbol from the linguistic point of view. After that, Rousseau talked about the symbolic meaning of language from the perspective of genomics. Emerson, an American mystical poet, discussed the role of symbolism in the generation of human culture from the perspective of the relationship between existence and language. Frye regarded the words of literature as a symbol, and the symbol was symbolic. In Kristeva's theory, symbols are hidden in symbolic language, and they depend on each other. As the symbol of artistic symbols, Lessing, Hegel and symbolism poets have been explained. The symbolic theory in semiotics is represented by Hegel, Saussure and Pierce. Hegel thinks that "symbolism is a kind of symbol first"; Saussure is not clear about the relationship between symbol and symbol; and in Pierce, symbolism becomes a member of symbol. In culturology, symbolism has been explained more fully, especially Schelling and Cassier. Schelling holds that beauty is symbolically expressed in the form of symbols; Cassier's theory of symbol-symbol existence has a more profound influence, and he holds that man is an animal symbolized by symbols. In Freud and Jung's theory of psychology, symbols are symbols, and in Lacan (Lacan) 's works, symbols and symbols coincide. Symbolic symbolism plays an important role in human life, because the essence of human beings is defined by symbolic symbols, by which human beings create culture. Language, mythology, religion, art, science are all presented with the help of symbols.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：I0

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 李賢平;“象征”與“隱喻”的比較研究[D];沈陽師范大學(xué);2011年

2 賀慶玲;解析媒介儀式中的象征符號(hào)傳播[D];遼寧大學(xué);2011年

3 彭靜;京劇服飾審美中的滿族意識(shí)與符號(hào)意義[D];東華理工大學(xué);2012年

4 孫紫君;媒介儀式下的省級(jí)電視年度人物評(píng)選活動(dòng)[D];安徽大學(xué);2012年

5 王小靜;認(rèn)知語言學(xué)視野下的象征研究[D];廣西大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2173479