【摘要】：拖延是一種普遍存在的現(xiàn)象,調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)大約75%的大學(xué)生認為自己有時拖延,而近50%認為自己的拖延成為急待解決的問題。嚴重的拖延癥會對學(xué)生的身心健康和工作學(xué)習(xí)帶來消極影響,如出現(xiàn)強烈的自責(zé)、負罪感,不斷的自我否定、貶低,并伴有焦慮、抑郁等負面情緒。因此,深入探索拖延的內(nèi)在機制,不斷推進拖延的理論研究,為教育工作者和心理咨詢師提供矯正拖延行為的理論依據(jù)就顯得尤為重要和迫切。以往研究拖延時,常常對拖延進行了多種分類,缺乏概括性的研究,容易得出片面性的結(jié)論。本研究在結(jié)合喚起性拖延和回避性拖延作為一般拖延的基礎(chǔ)上,探討了神經(jīng)質(zhì)和責(zé)任心、自我效能感、追求成功動機和回避失敗動機以及一般拖延之間的關(guān)系。由于責(zé)任心和神經(jīng)質(zhì)都是相對穩(wěn)定的人格特質(zhì),因此揭示它們影響一般拖延的作用過程,直接干預(yù)中介變量就可能有效地減少拖延。而自我效能屬于一種自我知覺式的體驗,動機是個體行動的內(nèi)驅(qū)力,據(jù)此認為自我效能感與追求成功動機和回避失敗動機可能在神經(jīng)質(zhì)和責(zé)任心與一般拖延之間存在部分中介作用,并對自我效能感與追求成功動機和回避失敗的中介作用進行檢驗。本研究運用問卷法,對500多名某高校學(xué)生進行調(diào)查,研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):1神經(jīng)質(zhì)與一般拖延呈現(xiàn)出顯著正相關(guān),而責(zé)任心與一般拖延呈現(xiàn)出顯著負相關(guān)。2自我效能感與一般拖延呈現(xiàn)顯著負相關(guān),追求成功動機與一般拖延也呈現(xiàn)顯著負相關(guān),而回避失敗動機與一般拖延呈現(xiàn)顯著正相關(guān)。3通過分層回歸分析和樣本內(nèi)有放回的抽樣驗證發(fā)現(xiàn),自我效能感、追求成功動機和回避失敗動機在責(zé)任心和一般拖延之間不存在中介效應(yīng),而在神經(jīng)質(zhì)和一般拖延之間存在部分中介作用。4自我效能感在神經(jīng)質(zhì)和一般拖延之間存在部分中介作用。5追求成功動機在神經(jīng)質(zhì)和一般拖延之間存在部分中介作用。6回避失敗動機在神經(jīng)質(zhì)和一般拖延之間存在部分中介作用。
[Abstract]:Procrastination is a common phenomenon, with about 75% of college students saying they sometimes procrastinate, while nearly 50% think their procrastination is an urgent problem. Serious procrastination can bring negative effects on students' physical and mental health and work and study, such as strong self-blame, guilt, self-negation, debasement, anxiety, depression and other negative emotions. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to explore the internal mechanism of procrastination, to continuously promote the theoretical research of procrastination and to provide theoretical basis for educators and psychological counsellors to correct procrastination. When procrastination is studied in the past, it is often classified into several categories, and it is easy to draw one-sidedness conclusion because of the lack of general research. On the basis of arousal procrastination and evasive procrastination as general procrastination, this study explored the relationship between neuroticism and responsibility, self-efficacy, success motivation, avoidance failure motivation and general procrastination. Since both responsibility and neuroticism are relatively stable personality traits, it is revealed that they affect the process of general procrastination, and direct intervention in mediating variables may effectively reduce procrastination. Self-efficacy is a kind of self-conscious experience, motivation is the internal drive of individual action, It is concluded that there may be some mediating effect between neuroticism and responsibility and general procrastination between self-efficacy and motivation for success and avoidance of failure. And the self-efficacy and the pursuit of success motivation and the intermediary role of avoiding failure are tested. In this study, more than 500 college students were investigated by questionnaire. The results showed that: (1) neuroticism was positively correlated with general procrastination. There was a significant negative correlation between responsibility and general procrastination. (2) Self-efficacy was negatively correlated with general procrastination, and success motivation was negatively correlated with general procrastination. However, the motivation of avoidance failure was positively correlated with general procrastination. 3 Self-efficacy was found by stratified regression analysis and sample verification. There is no intermediary effect between responsibility and procrastination between motivation for success and motivation for avoiding failure. There is a partial intermediary between neuroticism and general procrastination. 4 Self-efficacy between neuroticism and general procrastination. 5 there is a part of mediating between neuroticism and general procrastination in pursuit of success motivation. There is a partial mediating effect between neuroticism and general procrastination with. 6 avoidance failure motivation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848

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