發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-27 18:48

  本文選題：水力機(jī)械　切入點(diǎn)：發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展，我國投入建設(shè)了大量火電站和核電站；為減少溫室氣體的排放，可再生能源陸續(xù)進(jìn)入大規(guī)模開發(fā)。因此，需要加快建設(shè)配套的抽水蓄能電站，，增強(qiáng)電網(wǎng)的安全性、穩(wěn)定性和調(diào)節(jié)能力。水輪發(fā)電機(jī)在運(yùn)行過程中，鐵耗、銅耗和摩擦損耗等都將引起部件的發(fā)熱和溫度上升，影響正常運(yùn)行。而發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速高，尺寸小，磁極容量大，其通風(fēng)冷卻比常規(guī)水輪發(fā)電機(jī)難度更大。為此，有必要對(duì)發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)的通風(fēng)冷卻系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究，為改善它的通風(fēng)冷卻性能提供參考。 為實(shí)現(xiàn)上述目的，本文對(duì)響水澗發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)電工況下通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了全通道數(shù)值模擬。并提出三種優(yōu)化方案：研究轉(zhuǎn)子支架輻板傾角、定子槽鋼長度和槽鋼安放相對(duì)位置對(duì)通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的影響。具體研究內(nèi)容如下： 對(duì)原型發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)在發(fā)電工況額定轉(zhuǎn)速n=250r/min下的通風(fēng)流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行定常數(shù)值模擬，獲得實(shí)際通風(fēng)流量；得到發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)的風(fēng)損比；分析轉(zhuǎn)子支架入口及輻板間空氣的流動(dòng)情況，計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)子支架入口阻力系數(shù)及支架輻板壓力損失系數(shù)；分析轉(zhuǎn)子磁軛風(fēng)溝內(nèi)的流動(dòng)規(guī)律，計(jì)算磁軛風(fēng)溝的平均流速、散熱系數(shù)和沿程損失系數(shù)；分析轉(zhuǎn)子磁極風(fēng)道內(nèi)流體流動(dòng)情況，計(jì)算流道的總壓損失系數(shù)、磁極散熱匝表面平均流速、散熱系數(shù)和溫升等；分析定子通風(fēng)溝內(nèi)的流動(dòng)情況并計(jì)算阻力系數(shù)，獲得定子鐵心段線圈和端部線圈表面平均流速、散熱系數(shù)和溫升等。 提出了三種優(yōu)化方案，分別研究了支架輻板傾角在15°到40°之間變化、定子槽鋼長度從減小20mm到增長14mm之間、定子槽鋼按新的規(guī)律（不對(duì)稱安放）安放時(shí)對(duì)發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)通風(fēng)流場(chǎng)性能的影響。從增大流量、減小通風(fēng)損耗，增大磁極風(fēng)溝表面、磁極散熱匝表面和定子線圈表面的散熱效果的角度，分析了各工況下的通風(fēng)流場(chǎng)，得到對(duì)發(fā)電電動(dòng)機(jī)通風(fēng)冷卻更有利的支架輻板傾角、定子槽鋼長度和槽鋼安放規(guī)律。 本文通過定常計(jì)算得到通風(fēng)流場(chǎng)的詳細(xì)情況及各個(gè)關(guān)鍵部位表面的流速、散熱系數(shù)和溫升；得到轉(zhuǎn)子支架輻板最佳傾角為40o；定子槽鋼長度比原型結(jié)構(gòu)增加10mm對(duì)通風(fēng)冷卻更有利；槽鋼按方案三布置較好。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, a large number of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants have been built in China. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy has been developed on a large scale. Therefore, it is necessary to speed up the construction of supporting pumped storage power stations. During the operation of hydrogenerator, iron consumption, copper consumption and friction loss will cause the heating and temperature rise of the components, which will affect the normal operation of the generator, while the motor speed is high and the size is small. The ventilation cooling of magnetic pole is more difficult than that of conventional hydrogenerator. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ventilation cooling system of power generation motor by numerical simulation to provide a reference for improving its ventilation cooling performance. In order to achieve the above purpose, the full-channel numerical simulation of the flow field of the ventilation system under the working condition of Xiangshuijian electric motor is carried out in this paper, and three optimization schemes are proposed: to study the angle of the radial plate of the rotor support, The influence of stator channel length and relative position of channel steel on ventilation system. The steady numerical simulation of ventilation flow field of prototype generator under rated speed n=250r/min is carried out to obtain the actual ventilation flow, the wind loss ratio of the generator is obtained, and the flow of air between the rotor support and the radiating plate is analyzed. The inlet resistance coefficient and the pressure loss coefficient of the radial plate of the rotor support are calculated, the flow law in the wind ditch of the rotor yoke is analyzed, the average velocity, the heat dissipation coefficient and the loss coefficient along the path of the yoke are calculated. This paper analyzes the fluid flow in the rotor pole duct, calculates the total pressure loss coefficient of the channel, the average velocity of the magnetic pole heat dissipation turn surface, the heat dissipation coefficient and the temperature rise, and analyzes the flow situation in the stator ventilation ditch and calculates the resistance coefficient. The average surface velocity, heat dissipation coefficient and temperature rise of stator core coil and end coil are obtained. In this paper, three optimization schemes are proposed to study the variation of angle between 15 擄and 40 擄of the radial plate of the support, and the length of the stator channel steel from the reduction of 20mm to the increase of 14mm. The influence of stator channel steel placement on the ventilation flow field performance of generation motor according to the new law (asymmetric placement). From increasing the flow rate, reducing the ventilation loss and increasing the surface of the magnetic pole wind trench, From the angle of heat dissipation effect between the surface of magnetic pole heat dissipation turn and the surface of stator coil, the ventilation flow field under various working conditions is analyzed, and the inclined angle of support radiating plate, the length of stator channel steel and the regulation of channel steel placement are obtained, which are more favorable for ventilation cooling of generator motor. In this paper, the detailed situation of ventilation flow field and the flow velocity, heat dissipation coefficient and temperature rise of each key area are obtained by steady calculation. The results show that the optimum inclination angle of the spoke plate of rotor support is 40o. the length of stator channel steel is more favorable to ventilation cooling than that of prototype structure, and the channel steel is arranged better according to scheme three.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TV735

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