【摘要】：生物質(zhì)氣與煤混燃不僅可以高效利用生物質(zhì),而且替代部分燃煤,減少污染物的排放,并且有益于鍋爐的燃燒以及運(yùn)行。論文以某300MW燃煤鍋爐為研究平臺(tái),基于Aspen Plus流程模擬軟件對生物質(zhì)與煤的間接混合燃燒技術(shù),即用生物質(zhì)氣化合成氣代替部分煤粉與煤進(jìn)行混燃的污染物排放特性和鍋爐性能影響進(jìn)行模擬研究,主要的研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:(1)利用Aspen Plus建立生物質(zhì)氣化模型,進(jìn)行生物質(zhì)氣化過程的研究,確定氣化過程的最佳空燃比。生物質(zhì)選取低位熱值較高的松木,對不同含水率的松木進(jìn)行氣化,隨著空燃比增大,氣化合成氣H2、CH4、CO_2的體積分?jǐn)?shù)均減小,CO先增大后減小,H2O先減小后增大,N2產(chǎn)量增加;氣體熱值和氣化效率均隨著空燃比的增大呈先增加后減小的趨勢,且都在某一空燃比下達(dá)到最高,確定該空燃比即為最佳空燃比。(2)基于Aspen Plus建立生物質(zhì)氣與煤混燃模型,對不同含水率的松木氣化合成氣與煤混燃過程進(jìn)行模擬研究。將含水率分別為10%、20%、30%的松木在各自最佳氣化工況下的合成氣送至鍋爐與煤混合燃燒,隨著生物質(zhì)氣摻燒比例和含水率的增加,最高燃燒溫度逐漸降低;排煙體積和排煙溫度均隨含水率的增加而增大,而鍋爐效率降低。(3)選取三種不同品質(zhì)的煙煤與含水率為20%的松木氣化合成氣混合燃燒,研究和分析煤種與摻燒比例對混燃污染物和鍋爐運(yùn)行性能的影響。不同摻燒工況對應(yīng)的最高燃燒溫度均隨著煤種品質(zhì)的降低和摻燒比例的增加而降低;隨煤種品質(zhì)降低,混燃產(chǎn)生的污染物NO_x減少,而SO_2增多,但都隨摻燒比例的增加而減少;優(yōu)質(zhì)煤摻燒后的排煙體積最多,排煙溫度最高,鍋爐效率最低,而劣質(zhì)煤摻燒后的鍋爐效率最高。(4)對純煤燃燒和生物質(zhì)氣與煤按不同摻燒比例混燃的CO_2減排量、NO_x、SO_2排放濃度及減排率進(jìn)行計(jì)算和分析,生物質(zhì)氣與煤的混燃不僅可以節(jié)約煤耗,而且降低污染物的排放。
[Abstract]:The mixed combustion of biomass gas and coal can not only efficiently use biomass, but also replace some of the coal combustion, reduce the emission of pollutants, and be beneficial to the combustion and operation of the boiler. In this paper, a 300MW coal-fired boiler is used as the research platform, and the indirect mixed combustion technology of biomass and coal based on Aspen Plus process simulation software is used. The pollutant emission characteristics and boiler performance effects of mixed combustion with biomass gasification syngas instead of some pulverized coal and coal are simulated and studied. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the biomass gasification model is established by Aspen Plus. The optimum air fuel ratio of biomass gasification process was determined. With the increase of air-fuel ratio, the volume fraction of H _ 2H _ 4C _ 4C _ 2 of gasified gas is decreased firstly and then decreased by H _ 2O _ 2O, then increased by increasing N _ 2 yield. The biomass of pine wood with high low calorific value is gasified by gasification of pine wood with different moisture content. The gas calorific value and gasification efficiency increase first and then decrease with the increase of air-fuel ratio, and both reach the highest at a certain air-fuel ratio. (2) based on Aspen Plus, the biomass gas and coal mixed combustion model is established. The mixed combustion process of pine gasification syngas and coal with different moisture content was simulated. The syngas of the pine with water content of 10% and 20% and 30% respectively was sent to the boiler and coal for mixed combustion under their optimum gasification conditions. With the increase of biomass gas blending ratio and moisture content, the maximum combustion temperature decreased gradually. The volume and temperature of exhaust gas increased with the increase of moisture content, but the boiler efficiency decreased. (3) three different quality bituminous coal and pine wood gasification syngas with 20% moisture content were mixed combustion. The effect of the ratio of coal to mixed combustion on the mixed combustion pollutant and boiler performance is studied and analyzed. The maximum combustion temperature corresponding to different blending conditions all decreased with the decrease of coal quality and the increase of blending ratio, and with the decrease of coal quality, the no _ x produced by mixed combustion decreased, while so _ 2 increased, but all decreased with the increase of blending ratio. The volume of exhaust gas is the largest, the temperature of exhaust gas is the highest, and the boiler efficiency is the lowest after mixed burning of high quality coal. But the boiler efficiency after mixed burning of inferior coal is the highest. (4) to calculate and analyze the emission concentration and emission reduction rate of CO-2 emission reduction quantity and emission reduction rate after mixed combustion of pure coal and biomass gas with coal in different blending proportion, the combustion of biomass gas and coal can not only save coal consumption. And reduce the emission of pollutants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TK229.6;TK6

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