本文選題：超臨界機(jī)組 + 燃燒控制系統(tǒng)��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：火電廠超臨界機(jī)組燃燒控制系統(tǒng)主要是將燃煤所產(chǎn)生的熱能轉(zhuǎn)換為蒸汽動(dòng)能的能量轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng),是整個(gè)火電廠系統(tǒng)的能源動(dòng)力來源,深入了解燃燒控制系統(tǒng)以便能夠從源頭上提高火電廠超臨界機(jī)組的整體運(yùn)行效率。本文以火電廠超臨界機(jī)組燃燒控制系統(tǒng)為研究對(duì)象,相關(guān)的研究工作主要集中在對(duì)象建模和控制算法這兩個(gè)方面。 一個(gè)完整而精確數(shù)學(xué)模型是機(jī)組燃燒控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和控制的基礎(chǔ),控制理論的廣泛應(yīng)用不能脫離被控系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,正確的模型能夠反映各個(gè)熱工自動(dòng)化設(shè)備的參數(shù)及其動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)過程,從而幫助工程人員充分了解機(jī)組的運(yùn)行動(dòng)態(tài)特性。本文對(duì)火電廠超臨界機(jī)組燃燒控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的機(jī)理分析,以微分方程組的形式分別給出了燃燒控制系統(tǒng)四個(gè)子系統(tǒng)：磨煤機(jī)子系統(tǒng)、主蒸汽壓力被控量子系統(tǒng)、煙氣含氧量被控量子系統(tǒng)和爐膛壓力被控量子系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,再根據(jù)輸入量輸出量的關(guān)系,以及燃燒控制系統(tǒng)內(nèi)工質(zhì)的流動(dòng)和傳熱過程,將各子系統(tǒng)串聯(lián),從而建立了火電廠超臨界機(jī)組燃燒控制系統(tǒng)的整體機(jī)理模型。之后為驗(yàn)證建立模型的正確性,研究了在100%負(fù)荷,75%負(fù)荷,50%負(fù)荷和35%負(fù)荷的工況下,給煤量、送風(fēng)量和引風(fēng)量三個(gè)輸入變量分別單獨(dú)做階躍擾動(dòng)時(shí)系統(tǒng)模型三個(gè)輸出變量主蒸汽壓力、煙氣含氧量和爐膛壓力的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)曲線特性。 針對(duì)燃燒控制系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)存在著強(qiáng)耦合、強(qiáng)干擾、非線性和大時(shí)延等特性的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng),及實(shí)際運(yùn)行時(shí)還受一些外部未知因素的干擾特點(diǎn),本文采用了模糊自整定PID控制算法對(duì)其進(jìn)行了控制,模糊自整定PID控制算法可以根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的控制狀態(tài),智能的調(diào)整控制器的參數(shù),以達(dá)到穩(wěn)定、快速的控制效果。仿真結(jié)果表明,相比于傳統(tǒng)控制方法模糊自整定PID控制在火電廠超臨界機(jī)組燃燒控制系統(tǒng)上具有更優(yōu)的控制品質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:The combustion control system of supercritical unit in thermal power plant is an energy conversion system that converts the thermal energy generated by coal combustion into steam kinetic energy and is the energy power source of the whole thermal power plant system. In order to improve the overall operation efficiency of supercritical units in thermal power plants, the combustion control system can be deeply understood. In this paper, the combustion control system of supercritical unit in thermal power plant is taken as the research object, and the related research work is mainly focused on two aspects: object modeling and control algorithm. A complete and accurate mathematical model is the basis of the design and control of the unit combustion control system. The extensive application of the control theory cannot be separated from the mathematical model of the controlled system. The correct model can reflect the parameters and the dynamic response process of each thermal automation equipment, so that the engineers can fully understand the dynamic characteristics of the unit. In this paper, the mechanism of combustion control system of supercritical unit in thermal power plant is analyzed in detail. Four subsystems of combustion control system are given in the form of differential equations: coal mill subsystem, main steam pressure controlled quantum system. The mathematical models of the controlled quantum system of flue gas oxygen content and the controlled quantum system of furnace pressure, and then according to the relation of the input and output quantity, and the flow and heat transfer process of the working fluid in the combustion control system, the subsystems are connected in series. The integral mechanism model of combustion control system of supercritical unit in thermal power plant is established. Then, in order to verify the correctness of the model, under the conditions of 100% load of 75% load of 50% and 35% of load, the quantity of coal supply is studied. The dynamic response curves of the main steam pressure, flue gas oxygen content and furnace pressure of the three output variables of the system model were obtained when the three input variables of the air supply and the inlet air were separately made step disturbance. The combustion control system is a complex system with strong coupling, strong interference, nonlinear and long time delay, and is also disturbed by some external unknown factors in actual operation. In this paper, the fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm is used to control it. The fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm can adjust the parameters of the controller intelligently according to the control state of the system, in order to achieve stable and fast control effect. The simulation results show that the fuzzy self-tuning PID control has better control quality than the traditional control method in the combustion control system of supercritical units in thermal power plants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM621

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本文編號(hào)：1906005