本文選題：鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府 + 轉(zhuǎn)型時期�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為我國政府體系層次最低、數(shù)量最多的基層政權(quán)——鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府，在穩(wěn)固國家政權(quán)和聯(lián)系廣大人民群眾中起著承接上級連接下級的作用，并且在中國行政體系中占有非常重要的地位。另外鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府奮斗在建設(shè)社會主義新農(nóng)村的前線，直接面向廣大農(nóng)民。作為行政區(qū)域的最低一級的政權(quán)組織，卻又以國家政權(quán)者的身份規(guī)劃和組織著區(qū)域內(nèi)的各項事務(wù)，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府權(quán)力機(jī)制能否運(yùn)行順暢，不僅關(guān)系著農(nóng)村能不能實(shí)現(xiàn)社會的穩(wěn)定，而且關(guān)系農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會能不能得到持續(xù)發(fā)展。 文章結(jié)合中國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府建設(shè)的實(shí)際情況,基于中國社會轉(zhuǎn)型的大環(huán)境下,圍繞鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府轉(zhuǎn)型時期職權(quán)責(zé)這一熱點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)問題，首先分析了政府職權(quán)責(zé)匹配的相關(guān)原則，并進(jìn)行了比較分析；其次對鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職權(quán)責(zé)不匹配現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析得到，我國轉(zhuǎn)型時期鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府運(yùn)行機(jī)制職權(quán)責(zé)不匹配的現(xiàn)象主要有：一是鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府只配給了較小的權(quán)力，卻有著重大的責(zé)任或者說根本就沒有權(quán)力，卻有責(zé)任；二是責(zé)任劃分給了鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府，權(quán)力卻配給給縣級或縣級及其以上的職能部門，形成權(quán)力和責(zé)任沒有互相銜接，互相對應(yīng)的機(jī)制，導(dǎo)致職權(quán)責(zé)三者極為不匹配。這種不匹配以“權(quán)力的萎縮和責(zé)任的膨脹”的運(yùn)行機(jī)制表現(xiàn)出來，通常呈現(xiàn)出鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府的權(quán)力不足以支撐其所自身所要承擔(dān)的責(zé)任：一是財權(quán)被削弱，，二是自主權(quán)的缺失，三是調(diào)控權(quán)受缺損；工作職責(zé)不清、工作任務(wù)繁重、工作責(zé)任重大；然后介紹了西方典型國家如英國、加拿大等國外基層政府職權(quán)責(zé)的分配理論以及現(xiàn)狀，并進(jìn)行了對比分析；最后根據(jù)分析結(jié)果給出了鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職權(quán)責(zé)匹配的對策建議，以此希望構(gòu)建出一個適合區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、人民滿意的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府。 文章得出結(jié)論，在中國當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況下，簡單的討論鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職權(quán)責(zé)匹配不符合現(xiàn)實(shí)，單純的縮減人員、撤并機(jī)構(gòu)是不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)職權(quán)責(zé)匹配的最終目標(biāo)的，要使鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府職權(quán)責(zé)真正得到匹配，必須充分從鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)基層一級政府的特殊性開始考慮，必須重新科學(xué)合理地定位鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府的職能。
[Abstract]:As the lowest level and the largest number of grass-roots governments in China's government system, township governments play the role of undertaking higher authorities and connecting with lower levels in stabilizing the state power and connecting with the broad masses of the people. And in China's administrative system occupies a very important position. In addition, the township government struggle in the construction of a new socialist countryside front, directly facing the majority of farmers. As the lowest level of political power organization in administrative region, but also planning and organizing the affairs in the region as the state authority, whether the power mechanism of township government can run smoothly is not only related to whether the countryside can realize the social stability. And the relationship between rural economy and society can get sustainable development. According to the actual situation of the construction of township government in China, based on the great environment of social transformation in China, this paper focuses on the hot and difficult issues of the power and responsibility of the township government during the transition period, and analyzes the relevant principles of the matching of the authority and responsibility of the government. Secondly, through the analysis of the status quo of the mismatch of the functions and responsibilities of the township government, we can find that the phenomenon of the mismatch of the functions and responsibilities of the township government in the transitional period of our country is mainly as follows: first, the township government only allocates small powers. However, they have great responsibilities or have no power at all, but they have responsibilities; second, responsibility is divided among township governments, but power is allocated to functional departments at the county level or above, so that power and responsibility do not link up with each other. The corresponding mechanism leads to the mismatch of authority and responsibility. This mismatch is manifested by the operating mechanism of "shrinking power and expanding responsibility", which usually shows that the power of township government is not enough to support its own responsibility: first, the financial power is weakened, the second is the lack of autonomy. Thirdly, the power of control is defective, the duty is not clear, the task is heavy, the responsibility is heavy, and then introduces the distribution theory and the present situation of the basic level government responsibility of the western typical countries such as Britain, Canada and so on, and carries on the contrast analysis; Finally, according to the results of the analysis, the author puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of matching the functions and responsibilities of the township government, hoping to construct a township government suitable for the coordinated development of regional economy and the satisfaction of the people. The paper concludes that under the current situation in China, a simple discussion on the matching of powers and responsibilities of township governments is not in line with reality, and it is unlikely that the ultimate goal of matching functions and responsibilities will be achieved by simply reducing the number of personnel and removing and merging institutions. In order to match the functions and responsibilities of the township government, we must consider the particularity of the township government at the grass-roots level, and reposition the function of the township government scientifically and reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D630

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