發(fā)布時間：2018-06-08 22:04

  本文選題：地理教材 + 教材分析��； 參考：《陜西師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：地理教材是一種信息材料。它主要用于幫助學生在教師的指導下達到學習目標�？梢哉f地理教材既是教師的教學參考資料,也是學生的學習資料。地理教材作為教師教與學生學的中介,它起著信息傳遞、交流與溝通的作用。地理教材在教學過程中的重要性可見一斑�，F(xiàn)代地理課程理念強調(diào),地理教學不僅要使學生掌握必要的知識、技能,更應該使學生養(yǎng)成樂于探索、思考的好習慣,培養(yǎng)其地理學習能力、探索能力以及地理科學素養(yǎng)和人文精神。因此,地理教學不再是以往的教教材,而應該是把教材當作教學的案例和材料。教師可以根據(jù)自身特點和學生的學情對教材內(nèi)容進行取舍與加工。只有這樣,教師和學生作為交互主體的地位才能得以保證。教和學二者才能有機的結合。因此,進行教材分析是教師設計教學過程的必要條件。地理教材的處理與分析是上一堂好課的基礎與前提。教材分析是地理教育研究的一大熱門的論題,研究成果頗多。但是關于地理二教材的整體分析較少。加上筆者實習期間所授正是地理二。因此本文選取了地理二教材的分析作為論文題目。本文的題目是人教版《高中地理》必修二的教材分析與教學研究。主要研究目的有二個方面。一是通過對人教版必修二教材的整體分析,詳細的把握必修二教材的內(nèi)容。加深對必修二教材的認識,為以后的備課和教材分析提供參考,提高教材分析和備課的效率。其二是通過對必修二教材的使用情況進行調(diào)查,發(fā)現(xiàn)了其教與學過程中存在的一些問題,并且針對這些情況,提出了一些改進的建議。為以后更好的實現(xiàn)必修二的教材分析與教學提供便利。本文主要解決兩個問題,一是以人教版為例對地理必修二進行教材的全面分析,二是根據(jù)通過對必修二的教學情況進行調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并提出建議。第一個問題筆者在廣泛參閱前人研究的基礎之上,確定從宏觀和微觀兩個方面對人教版高中地理必修二的進行詳細的分析。宏觀上分析了教材的時代背景,與相關學科的關系以及與現(xiàn)實生活的關系。微觀上對教材每一單元的知識結構、表述結構、教育結構進行了分析。第二個問題筆者則采用問卷和訪談進行調(diào)查研究,調(diào)查了必修二教材的教學情況。教材是供教師和學生共同使用的一種信息媒體。因此筆者采用對學生的問卷,調(diào)查了學生必修二的學習情況；對教師進行訪談調(diào)查了教師對必修二的教學情況。最后結合教材分析的結果以及調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題,提出了對教師的教學建議和給學生的學習建議。另外教材分析最終還是要落實到教學,教學設計是教學過程的模型。因此本文還選取了《農(nóng)業(yè)的區(qū)位選擇》這一節(jié)進行了教學設計。通過問卷調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)學生的學習存在以下一些問題：部分學生學習的興趣不高；學習的外部動機強于內(nèi)部動機；對教材各組成部分的喜愛程度不一,案例、閱讀、圖像吸引了大部分同學的注意；學生基本能夠認識到必修二的重要作用,但教師仍然需要將生活中的地理與教學結合起來,激發(fā)學生的學習興趣；部分學生的學習習慣和策略不當,導致必修二的學習效果不佳。通過訪談調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),教師對教材的使用存在以下一些情況：就教材的選擇與分析而言,部分教師沒有足夠的重視將不同的教材對比分析,擇優(yōu)選擇,綜合運用；就教材分析的方法而言,大部分教師在課前從微觀的方面對教材進行分析以此來設計教學,忽視了教材的整體分析；就教學的過程而言,存在教法的單一、與生活聯(lián)系不緊密、忽視了信息技術在教學中的使用等問題。因此面對這些問題筆者認為應該從以下幾方面進行改進：(1)就教師而言,教師要改革教學思想,變革教學方法手段,聯(lián)系生活實際,有效進行教學。(2)就學生而言,學生應該改變學習方式,善于運用學習策略,進行適時的復習,學會運用綜合、比較、分析等方法進行歸納總結,提高學習的效果。
[Abstract]:Geography teaching material is a kind of information material. It is mainly used to help students to achieve learning goals under the guidance of teachers. It can be said that geography textbooks are both teachers' teaching reference materials and students' learning materials. As the intermediary of teachers' teaching and student learning, geography textbooks play the role of transmission, communication and communication. The modern geography curriculum concept emphasizes that geography teaching should not only make the students master the necessary knowledge and skills, but also make the students develop the good habit of exploring and thinking, the ability to learn geography, the ability to explore, the quality of geography and the spirit of humanism. Therefore, geography teaching is no longer the past. Teaching materials should be used as a case and material for teaching. Teachers can choose and process the contents of the teaching materials according to their own characteristics and students' learning situation. Only in this way, teachers and students can be guaranteed the status of the interactive subject. The teaching and learning of the two can be organically combined. Therefore, the analysis of teaching materials is a teacher's establishment. Considering the necessary conditions of teaching process. The processing and analysis of geography teaching materials is the basis and premise of a good lesson. The analysis of teaching materials is a hot topic in the study of geography education. There are a lot of research results. However, the overall analysis of geography two teaching materials is less. And the author has given geography two. The analysis of the two textbook is the topic of the paper. The title of this article is the analysis and teaching research of the teaching material of "high school geography > two". The main purpose of the study is two aspects. One is to grasp the content of the required two textbooks through the overall analysis of the required two textbooks for the human teaching edition, deepen the understanding of the required two textbooks and prepare the lessons for the future. To provide reference for the analysis of teaching materials and improve the efficiency of teaching materials analysis and lesson preparation. Secondly, through the investigation of the use of required two textbooks, some problems existing in the course of teaching and learning are found, and some suggestions for improving the teaching and learning process are put forward. For the future, the analysis and teaching of the required two teaching materials will be provided more well. This article mainly solves two problems, one is the comprehensive analysis of the two geography compulsory teaching materials, and the two is to find out the problems and make suggestions based on the investigation of the compulsory two teaching situation. The first question, on the basis of the extensive reference to the previous research, is to determine the two aspects of the macro and microcosmic aspects. The teaching edition of high school geography required two of the detailed analysis. Macro analysis of the background of the times, the relationship with related disciplines and the relationship with the real life. Microcosmic on the knowledge structure, the structure of each unit of the textbook, the structure of the education, and the second questions are investigated by questionnaire and interview, The teaching situation of the required two materials is investigated. The teaching material is a kind of information media for teachers and students to use together. Therefore, the author uses a questionnaire on students to investigate the students' compulsory two learning situation, and interviews the teachers to the required two teaching conditions. Finally, the results of the analysis of the teaching materials and the investigation and research are made. In addition, the teaching design is the model of the teaching process. Therefore, this article also selects the section of the "agricultural location selection" for teaching design. Through the questionnaire survey, the students' learning has some questions below. Questions: some students are not interested in learning; the external motivation of the study is stronger than the internal motivation; the degree of affection to the components of the textbook is different, the case, the reading, and the image attract the attention of the majority of the students; the students are basically able to recognize the important role of the required two, but the teachers still need to combine the geography of life with teaching. In order to arouse the students' interest in learning, some students' learning habits and strategies are unsuitable, which result in the poor effect of two of the required learning. Through interview investigation, it is found that the teachers' use of textbooks has the following conditions: in terms of the selection and analysis of the textbooks, some teachers have not enough attention to compare and analyze the different textbooks and choose the best choice. In terms of the method of teaching material analysis, most teachers analyze the teaching materials from the microcosmic aspects before class to design the teaching and ignore the overall analysis of the teaching materials; in the course of teaching, there is a single teaching method, not close contact with life, so that the use of information technology in the teaching is ignored. In the face of these problems, I think the following aspects should be improved: (1) as far as teachers are concerned, teachers should reform their teaching ideas, change teaching methods and means, contact the actual life, and effectively carry out teaching. (2) as far as students are concerned, students should change their way of learning, be good at using learning strategies, review timely, and learn to use comprehensive, and learn to use synthesis. Analysis and other methods are summarized to improve the learning effect.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.55

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本文編號：1997344