發(fā)布時間：2018-11-08 16:10

【摘要】：習題課作為高中數(shù)學課堂教學的重要組成部分,對培養(yǎng)學生的解題能力、提高教學質量都起著非常重要的作用。而對于數(shù)學教師來說,上好一節(jié)習題課,需要教師做好充足的準備,根據(jù)學生的認知結構,制定嚴密的教學計劃,幫助學生梳理已學知識,通過習題課的講解促進學生知識掌握的系統(tǒng)化。因此,如何促進高中數(shù)學習題課教學更加有效地開展是我國許多數(shù)學學者和廣大數(shù)學教師極為關注的問題�；谏鲜隹紤],本文采用文獻分析法、案例研究法和課堂觀察法的研究方法,結合筆者自己在山西省臨汾S中學的實習經(jīng)驗,以筆者及所帶的高一年級全體學生為研究對象,利用接近五個月的實習代課時間,深入到高一數(shù)學課堂中,在習題課的教學實踐過程中做了一個關于新手型教師如何上好高中數(shù)學習題課的案例研究。本研究主要探究以下兩個問題:(1)尋找在“必修一”中,高中生學習存在困難的習題課內容;(2)針對以上習題內容,找到突破方法,從而提高學生的數(shù)學成績。通過對高中數(shù)學習題課的課前教案準備、課堂教學、課后評價及反思等教學活動的研究,進一步分析整理,從而更全面地認識高中數(shù)學習題課教學中的問題并通過研究得到以下結論:(1)學生在必修一的“函數(shù)的單調性與奇偶性”、“指數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質的應用”、“對數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質的應用”這三個專題的習題求解存在困難;(2)課前進行知識梳理和學情預測能真實有效地了解學生的掌握現(xiàn)狀,并針對性地進行習題選編;(3)課上通過講練結合的方式引導學生主動思考,培養(yǎng)學生的數(shù)學思維,講時多與學生進行交流,了解學生的解題思維,發(fā)現(xiàn)解題障礙,引導學生找出突破障礙的方法;練時給足學生思考空間,針對習題誤區(qū)加強練習,從而提高學生們的解題效率和課堂教學效率;(4)課后及時批改和訂正作業(yè),找出并分析失誤原因,給予學困生足夠重視,從而整體提高學生數(shù)學成績。
[Abstract]:Exercise course, as an important part of mathematics teaching in senior high school, plays an important role in cultivating students' ability to solve problems and improving teaching quality. For mathematics teachers, it is necessary for them to make adequate preparations for a class of exercises, to formulate strict teaching plans according to the students' cognitive structure, and to help students to sort out the knowledge they have learned. To promote the systematization of students' knowledge mastery through the explanation of exercise class. Therefore, how to promote the teaching of mathematics exercises in senior high school more effectively is a matter of great concern to many mathematics scholars and mathematics teachers in our country. Based on the above considerations, this paper adopts the methods of literature analysis, case study and classroom observation, combined with the author's own practice experience in Linfen S Middle School in Shanxi Province, taking the author and all the students of Grade one of senior high school as the research objects. In this paper, a case study on how novice teachers teach math exercises in senior high school is made in the process of teaching exercises in senior high school. This research mainly explores the following two problems: (1) to find out the content of the problem course in the "compulsory one", and (2) to find the breakthrough method in view of the above problem content, so as to improve the students' mathematics achievement. Through the research on the teaching activities such as preparation of pre-class teaching plan, classroom teaching, after-class evaluation and reflection, etc., it is further analyzed and sorted out. In order to fully understand the problems in the teaching of senior high school mathematics exercises and draw the following conclusions through the research: (1) students in the compulsory "monotonicity and parity of functions", "exponential functions and their properties of the application", It is difficult to solve the problem of "logarithmic function and its application". (2) knowledge combing and learning situation prediction before class can truly and effectively understand the current situation of students' mastery, and carry out exercises compilation pertinently; (3) to guide students to think actively, cultivate students' mathematical thinking, communicate with students more, understand students' thinking of solving problems, find out obstacles of solving problems, and guide students to find ways to break through obstacles; In practice, enough students should be given space to think, and practice should be strengthened to improve the efficiency of problem solving and classroom teaching. (4) correct and revise the homework in time after class, find out and analyze the causes of mistakes, pay enough attention to the students with learning difficulties, so as to improve the students' mathematics achievement as a whole.
【學位授予單位】：山西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.6

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