本文選題：秘魯中級漢語學(xué)習(xí)者 + 發(fā)音實驗��； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：對于外國漢語學(xué)習(xí)者而言,現(xiàn)代漢語的聲調(diào)習(xí)得向來是一個重難點,漢語聲調(diào)的獨特辨義作用,既突顯出了它的重要性,也為外國漢語學(xué)習(xí)者制造了程度不等的難度。本文以秘魯本土的中級漢語學(xué)習(xí)者為研究對象,通過實驗語音學(xué)的分析手段考察了他們習(xí)得漢語單字調(diào)的情況。我們首先通過Praat軟件提取的數(shù)據(jù)及語圖對留學(xué)生發(fā)音人漢語單字調(diào)的音高、調(diào)長進行系統(tǒng)的聲學(xué)描寫,并將發(fā)音人單字調(diào)的聲調(diào)格局與北京話進行了比較;然后根據(jù)實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行辨認(rèn)實驗,對秘魯中級漢語學(xué)習(xí)者的漢語聲調(diào)習(xí)得模式進行了探討分析;之后使用R語言考察了影響被試習(xí)得漢語聲調(diào)的因素及影響方式。并針對與北京話的聲調(diào)語圖進行對比的結(jié)果和影響被試習(xí)得的因素,給出了相應(yīng)的教學(xué)對策和建議。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)對于以西班牙語為母語的秘魯中級漢語學(xué)習(xí)者來說,陽平是他們習(xí)得漢語聲調(diào)的難點所在,調(diào)型上過于接近漢語的上聲,這與他們沒有掌握好陽平的折點時刻位置有關(guān);從調(diào)長來看,去聲的調(diào)長偏短,發(fā)音表現(xiàn)為又短又重,這是因為留學(xué)生受到母語負(fù)遷移的影響,把西班牙語中的重音對應(yīng)成漢語中的去聲。在辨認(rèn)實驗中,考察得出中級水平的被試對漢語聲調(diào)的習(xí)得屬于范疇化感知,對特定的頻率和時長有明顯的辨識能力。最后對于習(xí)得影響因素的探討也得出了相關(guān)結(jié)論,被試年齡、學(xué)習(xí)時長、是否有目的語環(huán)境等等都存在一定影響,對這些影響指數(shù)化后,能更清楚地知道它們具體的影響力和方式。
[Abstract]:For foreign Chinese learners, the acquisition of tones in modern Chinese has always been a major difficulty. The unique function of Chinese tones not only highlights its importance, but also creates varying degrees of difficulty for foreign Chinese learners. In this paper, the author studies the acquisition of Chinese monologue by means of experimental phonetics among intermediate Chinese learners in Peru. First, we systematically describe the pitch and length of Chinese single tone by Praat software, and compare the tone pattern of pronunciation person with that of Beijing dialect. Then, according to the experimental data, this paper discusses and analyzes the acquisition mode of Chinese tones of Peruvian intermediate Chinese learners, and then uses R language to investigate the factors that affect the acquisition of Chinese tones and how they affect the acquisition of Chinese tones. In the light of the results of comparison with the tone map of Beijing dialect and the factors affecting the subjects' acquisition, the corresponding teaching countermeasures and suggestions are given. We find that for Peruvian Intermediate Chinese learners who speak Spanish as their mother tongue, Yangping is the difficulty of their Chinese tone acquisition. This is related to the fact that they have not grasped the position of the break point in Yangping. From the point of view of the length of the adjustment, the tone of the tone is short, and their pronunciation is short and heavy. This is because the foreign students are affected by the negative transfer of their mother tongue. The accent in Spanish is matched to the desonant in Chinese. In the identification experiment, it is concluded that the Intermediate level subjects' acquisition of Chinese tones belongs to categorization perception, and they have obvious ability to recognize the specific frequency and duration. Finally, the author draws the conclusion that the age of the subjects, the length of study time, the target language environment and so on all have some influence on the factors affecting the acquisition. Be able to know more clearly their specific influence and manner.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H195.3

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