本文選題：韓中命令句 + 原型范疇　； 參考：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：命令句,在漢語中也叫做祈使句,關(guān)于韓國語以及漢語命令句的研究近年來層出不窮,但是韓漢語尤其是漢語當(dāng)中,命令句的范圍問題一直以來爭議不斷,首先是因為韓國語與漢語對命令句的劃分主要依靠“功能說”,韓國語的命令句有其獨(dú)一無二的區(qū)別性特征,比如終結(jié)語尾。但是漢語的命令句沒有區(qū)別于其他句式的獨(dú)有形式,從而導(dǎo)致從功能出發(fā)的類型劃分相互各有不同。本文選取韓漢命令句的基本形式,將廣義的命令句中的“間接命令句”,比如漢語中被劃分為“間接命令句”一類的“你怎么還不走?”“屋里好熱呀!”等等具有豐富形式的句式稱為“暗示性命令表達(dá)”,對韓漢典型的命令句形式進(jìn)行意義上的劃分,運(yùn)用“原型范疇”理論為指導(dǎo),“程度性測量方法”為具體操作方式,通過對韓國語以及漢語命令句的成立條件以及特點(diǎn)上的歸納總結(jié)出進(jìn)行程度性測量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對韓國語以及漢語當(dāng)中的表達(dá)各種意義的命令句進(jìn)行意義上的程度性測量,對命令句的典型性程度進(jìn)行量化,從而得出從典型到非典型命令句的排列“連續(xù)體”,明確典型的命令句的形式與意義,使得中韓命令句范疇中的“原型”和“邊緣”變得清晰,利于學(xué)習(xí)者掌握和運(yùn)用。另外,對于由禮貌程度和面子原則導(dǎo)致的一些“暗示性命令表達(dá)”,對其進(jìn)行形式上的梳理,感嘆形、陳述形、疑問形等等,同樣找出這些“暗示性命令表達(dá)”的意義上的量化標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對各個表達(dá)的“程度性”進(jìn)行“量化”,即測量出哪些表達(dá)是更委婉的,哪些是命令程度更深的。在對韓國語漢語的命令句和“暗示性命令表達(dá)”進(jìn)行分析的過程中,對比兩種語言呈現(xiàn)出的一致性特點(diǎn)和不同,對韓國語與漢語命令句的習(xí)得以及運(yùn)用具有指導(dǎo)意義,并且,雖然本文中并沒有通過“原型范疇”和“程度性測量”的分析過程對韓漢命令句范疇進(jìn)行重新界定,但是運(yùn)用原型范疇進(jìn)行的一系列量化,也能進(jìn)一步給那些徘徊在命令句范疇邊緣的似乎是而又不是命令句的表達(dá)進(jìn)行更準(zhǔn)確的定位。
[Abstract]:Command sentences, also called imperative sentences in Chinese, have been widely studied in Korean and Chinese in recent years. However, in Korean and Chinese, especially in Chinese, the scope of command sentences has always been controversial. First of all, the division of command sentences between Korean and Chinese mainly depends on "function theory". Command sentences in Korean have their unique distinguishing features, such as the end of the ending. However, the command sentence in Chinese is not different from other sentence patterns, which leads to different functional types. In this paper, the basic form of Han Han command sentence is selected, and the "indirect command sentence" in the generalized command sentence, such as the "indirect command sentence" in Chinese, "how can you not go?" "it's hot in the house!" And so on has the rich form sentence pattern to be called "the implied command expression", carries on the significance division to the Korean and Chinese typical command sentence form, uses the "prototype category" theory as the instruction, "the degree measure method" as the concrete operation way, Through the conclusion of the conditions and characteristics of the command sentences in Korean and Chinese, the standards of degree measurement are summarized, and the degree of the command sentences expressing various meanings in Korean and Chinese is measured. By quantifying the typicality of command sentence, the "continuum" of command sentence arrangement from typical to atypical command sentence is obtained, and the form and meaning of typical command sentence are clarified. It makes the "prototype" and "edge" in the category of Chinese and Korean commandments clear and easy for learners to master and use. In addition, for some "implied command expressions" caused by politeness and face principle, formal combing, exclamations, statements, interrogations, etc. In the same way, we find out the quantification criteria in the meaning of "implied command expression" and quantify the "degree" of each expression, that is to say, to measure which expressions are more euphemistic and which are more command. In the process of analyzing the command sentence and the implied command expression in Korean Chinese, the comparison of the same characteristics and differences between the two languages is of guiding significance to the acquisition and application of command sentences in Korean and Chinese. Although this paper does not redefine the category of Han and Han commandments through the analysis of "prototype category" and "degree measurement", it uses a series of quantification of archetypal category. It can also provide a more accurate position for those who seem to be, but not commandments, on the edge of the category of command sentences.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H55;H146.3

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本文編號：2000413