本文選題：成語　切入點：成語翻譯　出處：《上海外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國當(dāng)代著名作家莫言的文學(xué)作品包含著大量的中國文化因素,其小說中大量使用成語,莫言還結(jié)合了自己的創(chuàng)作特色,打破常規(guī),將成語靈活地運用到寫作中。中俄語言、文化的差異構(gòu)成了莫言小說中成語翻譯的障礙。本文主要探討俄羅斯?jié)h學(xué)家葉果羅夫(И.А.Егоров)翻譯的莫言小說——《酒國》和《豐乳肥臀》中成語的翻譯問題。本文梳理了中國與俄羅斯有關(guān)成語翻譯的研究概況。整理了國內(nèi)關(guān)于莫言小說的研究情況,介紹了莫言小說在國外的傳播與接收情況。接著,本文對漢俄成語進行了對比研究。通過對漢俄成語定義的對比,論證了漢俄成語都具有整體性、固定性、習(xí)用性、不可譯性的特點�？偨Y(jié)了漢俄成語的來源包括歷史事件、自然環(huán)境、神話故事、文學(xué)作品、寓言故事、宗教信仰、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、社會生活、外來詞等。通過對漢俄成語的分類對比,總結(jié)出漢語成語可以從內(nèi)部語法關(guān)系分類,也可以根據(jù)字面義、引申義的聯(lián)系程度進行分類。俄語成語可以根據(jù)其字面義與引申義之間的聯(lián)系程度分為:融合性成語、接合性成語、組合性成語。通過對莫言小說中成語修辭功能的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),成語有摹繪、比喻、夸張等大量修辭功能。此外,莫言小說成語還具有打破常規(guī)的特殊用法,包括根據(jù)具體語境對成語進行部分改動、取成語字面義、改變成語結(jié)構(gòu)、用通俗的語言間接引用成語、成語的超常規(guī)搭配。通過前文對漢俄成語的對比以及對莫言小說中成語修辭的分析總結(jié),本文歸納出莫言小說成語俄譯的翻譯障礙主要為文化層面的翻譯障礙、修辭層面的翻譯障礙以及語義層面的翻譯障礙。對于這些翻譯障礙,功能對等理論有著很好的指導(dǎo)作用�；诠δ軐Φ壤碚�,本文結(jié)合莫言小說成語在文化、修辭、語義方面的誤譯例子進行歸納分析。通過對例子的分析,總結(jié)出成語翻譯的方法:直譯法、借譯法、意譯法、直譯加注法以及省略法。還總結(jié)了莫言小說成語俄譯時需要遵從的翻譯原則,包括:忠實連貫原則、成語修辭性適當(dāng)傳達原則、引申義優(yōu)先原則。
[Abstract]:The literary works of Mo Yan, a famous contemporary Chinese writer, contain a large number of Chinese cultural factors. He also combines his own creative characteristics, breaks the convention and flexibly applies idioms to his writing. Cultural differences constitute an obstacle to the translation of idioms in Mo Yan's novels. This paper mainly discusses the translation of the idioms in Mo Yan's novels "Wine country" and "Breast Fat" by Russian sinologist Ye Guorov. A survey of studies on idiom translation between China and Russia. This paper introduces the dissemination and reception of Mo Yan's novels abroad. Then, this paper makes a comparative study of Chinese and Russian idioms. Through the comparison of the definitions of Chinese and Russian idioms, it proves that Chinese and Russian idioms have the characteristics of integrity, fixation and usage. Summarizing the sources of Chinese and Russian idioms, including historical events, natural environment, mythological stories, literary works, fables, religious beliefs, customs, social life, By comparing and classifying Chinese and Russian idioms, it is concluded that Chinese idioms can be classified from their internal grammatical relations or according to their literal meanings. Russian idioms can be classified into four categories according to the degree of connection between their literal meanings and their meanings: fusion idioms, conjunctive idioms, combinative idioms, etc. Through the study of the rhetorical functions of idioms in Mo Yan's novels, it is found that the Russian idioms can be divided into three categories: the syncretic idioms, the conjunctive idioms, and the combinative idioms. The idioms have a lot of rhetorical functions, such as drawing, metaphor, exaggeration and so on. In addition, the idioms in Mo Yan's novels also have the special usage of breaking the convention, including making some changes to the idioms according to the specific context, taking the literal meaning of the idioms, and changing the idiom's structure. Through the comparison of Chinese and Russian idioms and the analysis of the rhetoric of idioms in Mo Yan's novels, This paper concludes that the obstacles to translation of Mo Yan's novels' idioms are cultural, rhetorical and semantic. Based on the functional equivalence theory, this paper summarizes and analyzes the examples of cultural, rhetorical and semantic misinterpretation of the idioms in Mo Yan's novels. The methods of idiom translation are summarized as follows: literal translation, loan translation, free translation, literal annotation and ellipsis. It also summarizes the translation principles to be followed in translating Mo Yan's novels' idioms into Russian, including the principle of faithfulness and coherence. The principle of proper communication of idioms rhetorically, and the principle of preference of meaning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H35;I046

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