本文選題：認識論　切入點：意識形態(tài)　出處：《學(xué)術(shù)界》2017年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：從馬克思主義哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)看,意識形態(tài)是認識論概念;但從馬克思復(fù)活這個概念是為變革社會制度的目的看,意識形態(tài)具有實踐性。這是一方面。另一方面,從文學(xué)的個性化、情感化本質(zhì),從文學(xué)對現(xiàn)實的否定性、批判性來看,這種活動首先是實踐性的,而非認識性的。從而,意識形態(tài)的實踐性凸顯和文學(xué)自性的重新發(fā)現(xiàn),共同引發(fā)實踐論文學(xué)觀的出場。總體上,美學(xué)觀念的變革領(lǐng)先于文學(xué),近年來,朱立元先生提出的"實踐存在論"及美學(xué)構(gòu)想對實踐論問題有所拓展和深化,可以為文學(xué)觀念的轉(zhuǎn)向提供參照。但在筆者看來,無論是朱立元先生的"實踐存在論",還是王元驤先生的"實踐本性論",此類構(gòu)想因為偏哲學(xué)思考和意味,于文學(xué)自身的特性,始終未能給予充分的重視。于此特提議用"審美實踐"定性文學(xué)。其中,審美強調(diào)人的精神的自由意志的層面,實踐指向人改造客觀世界同時改造自身的層面;但不論是實踐還是審美,對現(xiàn)實的超越性、引導(dǎo)性方面則是相同的。文學(xué)因此不再滿足于作為意識形態(tài)的附庸,而同時承擔著瓦解意識形態(tài)的使命。
[Abstract]:On the basis of Marxist philosophy, ideology is an epistemological concept, but from the point of view that Marx resurrected the concept for the purpose of reforming the social system, ideology is practical. This is on the one hand, and on the other hand, from the individuation of literature, In the view of the negativity and criticality of literature to reality, this activity is first practical, not cognitive. Thus, the practicality of ideology and the rediscovery of literary self-nature, On the whole, the transformation of aesthetic concept is ahead of literature. In recent years, Zhu Liyuan's theory of "practical existence" and aesthetic conception have expanded and deepened the practical theory. It can be used as a reference for the turn of literary ideas. However, in the author's opinion, whether it is Zhu Liyuan's "practical existentialism" or Wang Yuanxiang's "practical nature theory", this kind of conception is based on the characteristics of literature because of its philosophical thinking and implication. It is suggested that literature should be characterized by "aesthetic practice". Among them, aesthetics emphasizes the level of free will of human spirit, and practice points to the transformation of the objective world and the level of oneself at the same time. But whether it is practice or aesthetic appreciation, the transcendence to reality is the same in guiding aspect. Therefore, literature is no longer satisfied with the subservience of ideology, but undertakes the mission of disintegrating ideology at the same time.
【作者單位】： 蘭州城市學(xué)院文史學(xué)院;
【基金】：[*]本文系國家社科基金重點項目“新時期文藝理論建設(shè)與文藝批評研究”(項目編號:12AZD012)的階段成果
【分類號】：I06

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