本文選題：徽州 + 審美文化　； 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 徽州審美文化是歷史地發(fā)生并存在于徽州這一地域的,以及受其影響所產(chǎn)生的審美文化總稱。本文所論主要是狹義上的徽州審美文化,即宋宣和三年(1121年)至清宣統(tǒng)三年(1911年)這段時(shí)間在徽州地區(qū)產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展并達(dá)到鼎盛的審美文化。包括徽州建筑、徽州戲曲、徽州繪畫、徽州版畫、徽州篆刻、徽州工藝、徽州文學(xué)、徽州民俗等內(nèi)容。 徽州審美文化的產(chǎn)生是徽州獨(dú)特的自然環(huán)境、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、歷史文化等因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。其中,自然環(huán)境為徽州審美文化的產(chǎn)生提供了原料基礎(chǔ);徽商的大力支持是徽州審美文化產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)力;宗族文化、程朱理學(xué)、士文化、商業(yè)文化、風(fēng)水文化等各類文化的相互交融構(gòu)成了徽州審美文化產(chǎn)生的文化背景。 徽州地處萬山環(huán)繞的皖南山區(qū),山林聳峙、山川雄深的自然風(fēng)貌不僅可以作為審美對(duì)象直接為徽州的繪畫、版畫及文學(xué)等藝術(shù)所用,其所產(chǎn)豐富的木材、磚石等又為徽州審美文化的產(chǎn)生提供了原料。同時(shí),徽州地勢斗絕、山川峻美的地貌吸引了歷史上熱愛自然山水的文人雅士及躲避中原戰(zhàn)亂的士族們的遷徙,由此造成徽州人口與土地之間的矛盾�；丈瘫闶钦{(diào)合這種矛盾的產(chǎn)物。作為徽州審美文化繁榮發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)后盾,徽商雄厚的資本投資推動(dòng)了徽州審美文化的全面發(fā)展。一時(shí)間,徽州地區(qū)出現(xiàn)建筑、雕刻、版畫、戲曲、篆刻、工藝等各類藝術(shù)“百花齊放”的局面。并且,由于徽商的影響,徽州審美文化中開始注入商業(yè)文化的審美特色。在商業(yè)文化的沖擊下,徽州地區(qū)過去盛行的宗族文化和潛伏的士文化、風(fēng)水文化相互激蕩,使得徽州審美文化走向成熟,其古雅特征也愈益明顯。 徽州審美文化作為徽州人集體智慧的結(jié)晶,是由徽州眾多藝工、徽商和普通民眾共同創(chuàng)造的。其飽含榮耀滄桑的歷史積淀、精細(xì)典雅的工藝制作、古樸醇厚的鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)民俗以及融宏壯雅致于一體的建筑雕刻,無論是與其他地域?qū)徝牢幕啾容^,還是其自身的歷史發(fā)展過程,都在整體上呈現(xiàn)出古雅的審美風(fēng)貌。 徽州在中國獨(dú)特的歷史地理位置,使得徽州審美文化研究具有多重意義。首先,徽州審美文化研究作為地域?qū)徝牢幕芯康牡湫?對(duì)其他地域的審美文化研究具有重要的借鑒意義;其次,徽州審美文化作為中國審美文化的有機(jī)組成部分,研究徽州審美文化是中國審美文化研究的應(yīng)有之義;最后,徽州審美文化還是徽學(xué)研究不可忽略的內(nèi)容,加強(qiáng)對(duì)徽州審美文化的研究,有助于豐富充實(shí)徽學(xué)的研究內(nèi)容,推動(dòng)徽學(xué)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Huizhou aesthetic culture is a general term of aesthetic culture that occurs and exists in Huizhou region and is influenced by it.This paper mainly discusses the aesthetic culture of Huizhou in a narrow sense, that is, the period of Song Xuanghe's three years (1121) and Qing Xuanzhong's three years (1911), which developed and reached the peak of the aesthetic culture in Huizhou.It includes Huizhou architecture, Huizhou opera, Huizhou painting, Huizhou print, Huizhou seal cutting, Huizhou craftsmanship, Huizhou literature, Huizhou folklore, etc.The appearance of Huizhou aesthetic culture is the result of its unique natural environment, social economy, history and culture.Among them, the natural environment provides the raw material basis for the emergence of Huizhou aesthetic culture, the strong support of Huizhou merchants is the economic power of Huizhou aesthetic culture, the clan culture, the Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism, the scholar culture, the commercial culture,The cultural background of Huizhou aesthetic culture is composed of fengshui culture and other cultures.Huizhou is located in the mountainous area of southern Anhui, surrounded by Wanshan Mountains. The mountains and forests are towering. The deep natural features of the mountains and rivers can not only be used as aesthetic objects for the paintings, prints and literature of Huizhou, but also produce abundant wood.Brick and stone provide raw materials for the appearance of Huizhou aesthetic culture.At the same time, the terrain of Huizhou is extremely fierce, and the beautiful landforms of the mountains and rivers have attracted scholars who love the natural mountains and rivers in history and the literati who have avoided the war in the Central Plains to migrate, resulting in the contradiction between the population and the land in Huizhou.Huizhou merchants are the product of this contradiction.As the economic backing of the prosperity and development of Huizhou aesthetic culture, Huizhou merchants' abundant capital investment promotes the overall development of Huizhou aesthetic culture.At one time, Huizhou area appeared architecture, carving, printmaking, opera, seal cutting, craft and other arts, "blooming a hundred flowers" situation.Moreover, due to the influence of Huizhou merchants, Huizhou aesthetic culture began to inject the aesthetic characteristics of commercial culture.Under the impact of commercial culture, the clan culture and latent taxi culture that prevailed in Huizhou area in the past, the fengshui culture agitated each other, which made the aesthetic culture of Huizhou become mature, and its ancient and elegant characteristics became more and more obvious.As the crystallization of the collective wisdom of Huizhou people, the aesthetic culture of Huizhou was created by many artists, merchants and ordinary people in Huizhou.Its rich historical accumulation of glorious vicissitudes of life, fine and elegant craftsmanship, simple and mellow local customs and architectural sculptures, whether compared with other regional aesthetic cultures or its own historical development process,On the whole, they all show the elegant aesthetic style.Huizhou's unique historical and geographical position makes the study of Huizhou's aesthetic culture have many meanings.Firstly, as a typical study of regional aesthetic culture, the study of Huizhou aesthetic culture has important significance for reference to the study of other regions' aesthetic culture; secondly, as an organic part of Chinese aesthetic culture, Huizhou aesthetic culture is an organic part of Chinese aesthetic culture.To study the aesthetic culture of Huizhou is the proper meaning of the study of Chinese aesthetic culture. Finally, the aesthetic culture of Huizhou is still a content that can not be ignored in the study of Huizhou aesthetics. Strengthening the research on the aesthetic culture of Huizhou is helpful to enrich the contents of the study of Huizhou.To promote the further development of Huixue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：B83-0

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