本文選題：土地整治　切入點：效益評價　出處：《華中師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：自古以來,土地資源支撐人類社會的生存與進步,沒有土地就沒有人類的現(xiàn)在和未來,是社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展所需的最重要的戰(zhàn)略資源�？墒�,改革開放三十多年,中國現(xiàn)代化進程加速和騰飛,工業(yè)化、新型城鎮(zhèn)化、人口總量幾何增長、以及人民生活質(zhì)量提高,使得土地與人類的緊張關(guān)系變的更加嚴峻,矛盾突出,問題不斷。土地的戰(zhàn)略資源地位嚴重動搖,中華民族崛起受到嚴重阻礙。因此,土地整治作為重要抓手和措施黨中央、國務(wù)院的高度重視,它可以有效地提高耕地質(zhì)量,增加數(shù)量,協(xié)調(diào)人地矛盾關(guān)系等。土地整治效益評價是對土地整治實施效果的檢測與驗收,項目實施效果的好與壞會直接影響到社會的和諧,損壞公共利益。開展土地整治效益研究,能夠提高項目科學決策水平以及管理精細化,促使項目實施產(chǎn)生的各效益之間統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展,切忌顧此失彼。為實現(xiàn)土地整治項目綜合效益最優(yōu)化目標提供理論和現(xiàn)實依據(jù)。因此,將土地整治效益評價作為一個系統(tǒng)的惠民工程進行科學研究,對于豐富我國土地整治相關(guān)理論,指導土地整治實踐活動,解決“三農(nóng)問題”,構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會是必要的。文章從現(xiàn)實背景和普適意義著手,在闡述國內(nèi)外土地治理方面理論考究的基礎(chǔ)上,闡釋了土地治理及其效益評價本質(zhì)、準則、目標和理論基礎(chǔ),對土地整治效益評價方法進行分析對比研究,并結(jié)合項目本身特征選取評價指標,建立土地整治綜合效果評價因子體系,構(gòu)建土地整治綜合效益評價數(shù)學模型。通過層次分析法初次確權(quán)和熵權(quán)法修正權(quán)重,采用數(shù)學模糊評價法和物元法對土地整治活動產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟效益、生態(tài)效益、社會效益、景觀效益和綜合效益進行定量評價和定性評估,從而達到其最優(yōu)化目標。應(yīng)用土地整治效益評價方法、體系和模型,以湖北省襄陽市南漳縣九集鎮(zhèn)土地整治項目為案例進行理論與現(xiàn)實相結(jié)合分析研究,其結(jié)果表明：通過土地整治項目的實施,其產(chǎn)生的各效益都有很大提升,符合項目決策者立項時最初意愿。文章采用兩種效益評價模型對系統(tǒng)本身產(chǎn)生效益進行分析、研究,綜合了兩種評價方法的優(yōu)劣,最大限度地剔除主觀因素對評價的影響程度,使得結(jié)果更貼近現(xiàn)實,為以后土地整治活動的開展樹立標桿,也可將本文所有之方法復制到其他類似項目,以追求項目效益最優(yōu)化和最大化。在進行研究過程中,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)土地整治項目問題和成果并存,其社會效益、生態(tài)效益和景觀效益還有待更大提高和突破,下一輪土地整治項目工作也將著眼于此。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, land resources have supported the survival and progress of human society. Without land, there would be no human present and future, which is the most important strategic resource needed for social and economic development. However, more than 30 years of reform and opening up, The acceleration and take-off of China's modernization process, industrialization, new urbanization, the geometric growth of the total population, and the improvement of the quality of life of the people have made the tense relations between land and human beings more severe and contradictory. The strategic status of land resources has been seriously shaken and the rise of the Chinese nation has been seriously hindered. Therefore, as an important grasp and measure of the Party Central Committee, the State Council attaches great importance to land renovation, which can effectively improve the quality of cultivated land. The evaluation of land regulation benefit is the check and acceptance of the effect of land regulation implementation, and the good or bad effect of project implementation will directly affect the harmony of the society. Damage to the public interest. Carrying out research on the benefit of land regulation can improve the level of scientific decision-making and management of the project, and promote the overall development among the various benefits generated by the implementation of the project. Therefore, the evaluation of land regulation benefit should be regarded as a systematic and beneficial project to carry out scientific research, which provides a theoretical and practical basis for realizing the optimization goal of comprehensive benefit of land regulation project. It is necessary to enrich the relevant theories of land regulation in our country, to guide the practical activities of land regulation, to solve the "three rural issues" and to build a harmonious socialist society. On the basis of expounding the theories of land governance at home and abroad, this paper expounds the essence, criteria, objectives and theoretical basis of land governance and its benefit evaluation, and makes a comparative analysis and study on the evaluation methods of land regulation benefits. Combined with the characteristics of the project itself, the evaluation index is selected, the evaluation factor system of comprehensive effect of land regulation is established, and the mathematical model of comprehensive benefit evaluation of land renovation is constructed. The weights are revised by the method of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method. The mathematical fuzzy evaluation method and matter-element method are used to evaluate quantitatively and qualitatively the economic benefits, ecological benefits, social benefits, landscape benefits and comprehensive benefits of land regulation activities. In order to achieve its optimal goal, the paper applies the evaluation method, system and model of land regulation benefit, taking Jiuji Town, Nan-zhang County, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province, as a case to carry out theoretical and practical analysis and study. The results show that: through the implementation of land regulation projects, the benefits generated by the project are greatly improved, which is in line with the original intention of project decision makers. Two benefit evaluation models are used to analyze and study the benefits generated by the system itself. By synthesizing the advantages and disadvantages of the two evaluation methods, the influence degree of subjective factors on the evaluation is eliminated to the maximum extent, which makes the results closer to the reality and sets a benchmark for the future land regulation activities. We can also copy all the methods in this paper to other similar projects in order to optimize and maximize the benefits of the projects. In the course of the research, the author finds that the problems and achievements of the land renovation projects coexist, and its social benefits. Ecological benefit and landscape benefit still need to be improved and breakthrough, the next round of land renovation project will also focus on this.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2

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