本文選題：養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)　切入點(diǎn)：園藝活動(dòng)空間　出處：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著社會(huì)老齡化問(wèn)題的日趨嚴(yán)重,養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的建設(shè)受到普遍關(guān)注。其景觀環(huán)境對(duì)老年人健康的影響不言而喻,而利用園藝活動(dòng)空間進(jìn)行植物療法是幫助老年人的生理、心理得以康復(fù)的有效途徑之一。然而,我國(guó)大部分已建成的養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)僅從視覺(jué)出發(fā),忽視園藝活動(dòng)空間設(shè)置。本文基于以上問(wèn)題,對(duì)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間進(jìn)行探討與研究,旨在讓老年人能在養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)景觀環(huán)境中得到身體的康復(fù)、心靈的撫慰和充實(shí)的生活。本文是在大量查閱文獻(xiàn)資料、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和實(shí)地調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上形成的,其研究成果如下：(1)國(guó)內(nèi)外養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間的發(fā)展背景研究。從植物療法的分類(lèi)、功效、作用方式、應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì),以及老年人的身心理特點(diǎn)、生活環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)等方面入手,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外植物療法的景觀運(yùn)用以及養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析總結(jié)。(2)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間理論基礎(chǔ)研究。對(duì)植物療法、環(huán)境心理學(xué)、中醫(yī)及傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)生理論對(duì)老年人生理、心理的作用、療效做出了概括總結(jié),分析了養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間應(yīng)該怎樣利用這些理論基礎(chǔ)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)、營(yíng)造。(3)對(duì)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中園藝活動(dòng)空間的實(shí)地調(diào)研。通過(guò)實(shí)地調(diào)研和訪談,分析了深圳市任達(dá)山莊養(yǎng)老中心、湖南科技大學(xué)老年活動(dòng)中心、株洲海福祥養(yǎng)老院、湘潭市霞城敬老院四處養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)的景觀特征,重點(diǎn)評(píng)析了養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中園藝活動(dòng)空間的設(shè)計(jì)現(xiàn)狀。提出了三大現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題：目前養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中極度缺乏的園藝活動(dòng)空間和老年人強(qiáng)烈的需求不相符：已有的園藝活動(dòng)空間商業(yè)化或設(shè)計(jì)、管理粗放；缺乏針對(duì)老年人身心特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)的安全無(wú)障礙的園藝活動(dòng)空間。(4)老年人構(gòu)成、行為、偏好與需求調(diào)查研究。通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查與實(shí)地訪談的形式,結(jié)合老年人生理、心理方面的理論研究,深層挖掘老年人的生、心理特點(diǎn)及行為模式特征,為養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間設(shè)計(jì)原則提供現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)。(5)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間設(shè)計(jì)理論。以問(wèn)卷調(diào)查及實(shí)地調(diào)研的分析結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ),提出了適用于老年人的園藝活動(dòng)內(nèi)容及其分類(lèi),并分析了不同類(lèi)型的老年人和不同條件的養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)該如何選擇和安排園藝活動(dòng)。根據(jù)養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間特征和設(shè)計(jì)影響因素,提出了其營(yíng)造原則和手法,闡述了養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)中園藝活動(dòng)空間設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)的具體內(nèi)容,包括操作、儲(chǔ)存、休憩、通行、過(guò)渡五種空間類(lèi)型。著重分析了針對(duì)不同行動(dòng)能力老人的園藝活動(dòng)空間設(shè)計(jì)方法,以及其中地形、水景、道路和鋪裝、植物、園林建筑和小品、設(shè)施的設(shè)計(jì)。園藝療法、植物療法在中國(guó)還是一個(gè)較新的概念,以此為基礎(chǔ)的養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)園藝活動(dòng)空間設(shè)計(jì)有賴(lài)于設(shè)計(jì)師、醫(yī)生、心理學(xué)家、植物學(xué)家等多學(xué)科工作者的合作,也需要大眾更多的了解和關(guān)注。本文的研究旨在推動(dòng)人們對(duì)相關(guān)問(wèn)題的重視和深入,為今后在養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)景觀環(huán)境中利用園藝活動(dòng)空間幫助老人康復(fù)提供理論指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the aging of society becoming more and more serious, the construction of old-age care institutions has received widespread attention. The influence of landscape environment on the health of the elderly is self-evident, and the use of horticultural space for plant therapy is to help the physiology of the elderly. One of the effective ways to rehabilitate psychology. However, most of the pension institutions in our country only set out from vision and ignore the setting of horticultural activity space. Based on the above problems, this paper discusses and studies the horticultural activity space of pension institutions. The purpose of this paper is to enable the elderly to get physical rehabilitation, spiritual comfort and full life in the landscape environment of pension institutions. This paper is based on a large number of literature, questionnaires and field research. The research results are as follows: (1) the research on the development background of horticultural activity space of old-age care institutions at home and abroad. Starting with the classification, efficacy, mode of action, application design of plant therapy, as well as the physical and psychological characteristics of the elderly and the design of living environment, etc. The landscape application of plant therapy at home and abroad as well as the design status quo of old-age institutions were analyzed and summarized. (2) the basic theory of horticultural activities of pension institutions was studied. The physiological effects of plant therapy, environmental psychology, traditional Chinese medicine and traditional health theory on the physiology of the elderly were studied. The function of psychology and the curative effect are summarized, and how to design and construct horticultural activity space of pension institutions by using these theoretical bases is analyzed. The field investigation of horticultural activity space in pension institutions is carried out through field investigation and interview. This paper analyzes the landscape characteristics of the elderly care institutions in Shenzhen Renda Mountain Village Pension Center, Hunan University of Science and Technology activity Center, Zhuzhou Haifuxiang Nursing Home, Xiangtan Xiacheng Residential Home for the aged. In this paper, the present situation of horticultural activity space design in pension institutions is analyzed, and three practical problems are raised: the horticultural activity space that is extremely lacking in pension institutions at present does not match with the strong needs of the elderly: the horticultural activities that have been made are not in line with those of the elderly. Space commercialization or design, Extensive management; lack of a safe and accessible space for horticultural activities designed for the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly; investigation of the composition, behavior, preferences and needs of the elderly. The theoretical study of psychology, the deep excavation of the old people's characteristics of life, psychology and behavior pattern, Based on the results of questionnaire survey and field investigation, the contents and classification of horticultural activities suitable for the elderly were put forward. It also analyzes how to choose and arrange horticultural activities for different types of elderly and different conditions of old-age institutions. According to the spatial characteristics of horticultural activities of pension institutions and the influencing factors of design, this paper puts forward the construction principles and techniques. This paper expounds the main points of space design of horticultural activities in old-age institutions, including five types of space, such as operation, storage, rest, general use and transition, and emphatically analyzes the space design methods of horticultural activities for the elderly with different abilities of action. And the design of landforms, waterscape, roads and pavements, plants, garden buildings and sketches, facilities, horticultural therapy, botanical therapy is a relatively new concept in China. The design of horticultural activity space for pension institutions based on this depends on the cooperation of designers, doctors, psychologists, botanists and other multidisciplinary workers. The purpose of this study is to promote people to pay more attention to the related problems and to provide theoretical guidance for the future use of horticultural activity space in the landscape environment of pension institutions to help the elderly recover.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU986.2;TU246.2

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