本文關鍵詞： 重慶主城 佛寺園林 景前區(qū) 前導空間　出處：《西南大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：佛寺園林因飽含脫俗出塵的景致、幽靜深遠的意境、悠久燦爛的歷史文化,在建筑及人文藝術上,均底蘊厚重,受人喜愛。在宗教祭祀功能外,其一直以來亦為人們提供了公共集會與節(jié)暇游憩之處。在繁忙的現(xiàn)代生活中,人們希望得以放松身心、摒去瑣俗,寺廟園林的寧靜超然即成為人們的向往與選擇。佛寺園林景前區(qū),即道路、寺前廣場、游憩節(jié)點等空間結合而成的寺外園林化空間,不僅具有常見建筑外環(huán)境客觀具有的組織交通、引導過渡、景觀審美、設施服務等功能,其更是佛寺園林引人入勝的開篇之作,與寺內(nèi)園林有密不可分的關系,并共同構成佛寺園林完整的景觀序列。這便要求佛寺園林景前區(qū)不僅應便于人們尋找佛寺所在、穿行、游憩、集散,更應通過空間的前導過渡,達成與寺內(nèi)園林深幽意蘊的融合,及其在寺外空間的外延。通過對置身其中的人們進行獨具匠心的暗示,以景物、意境與空間敘事的層層遞進潛移默化,醞釀人們的情緒,促進人們?nèi)胨聲r逐漸凈心、蕩滌凡塵的身心過渡。重慶大山大川的自然環(huán)境與豐厚多彩的文化積淀,使其中佛寺園林類型多樣,并在選址、布局、造景中均獨具特色與地域風情,其景前區(qū)也隨之具有不同的特質、風格與營造側重點。本文對重慶主城區(qū)內(nèi)30座佛寺及相應景前區(qū)進行實地調研、測繪、分析,考究了各佛寺周邊環(huán)境、選址、建筑園林布局等,探討了現(xiàn)有景前區(qū)空間組成、功能設施、設計現(xiàn)狀、意境再現(xiàn)等營造手法,并對其進行歸納整合,以此為尚且缺乏的佛寺園林景前區(qū)設計的學術資料進行補足。本文研究的核心內(nèi)容包括:(1)對重慶主城區(qū)佛寺所在地區(qū)、選址、建筑布局等現(xiàn)況進行梳理概述,以其作為重要的背景資料。綜合探討該類空間現(xiàn)有基本功能,即鋪墊指引、組織串聯(lián)、景觀服務、敘事文化;該類空間承載功能的構成要素,即節(jié)點、道路、植物、設施,并相應進行簡述。(2)結合調研所得資料,將佛寺園林景前區(qū)分為城市過渡類、景園組部類(下分主導佛寺類與景點佛寺類)、鄉(xiāng)林訪幽類,對各類進行概述,列舉相應實例。通過對現(xiàn)狀的歸納,探討對該類空間產(chǎn)生影響的各空間因素、時間因素與需求因素并進行分析。(3)結合實例深入探討重慶主城區(qū)佛寺園林景前區(qū)設計現(xiàn)狀,主要包含其空間組織、造景內(nèi)容、文化表達幾方面。其中,空間組織包括該類空間序列、空間形態(tài)及空間界定;造景內(nèi)容包括該類空間結合重慶主城的環(huán)境,對地形的運用、對視景的豐富、構成要素的運用、材料色彩質感的處理等;文化表達則探討總結了重慶主城中該類空間現(xiàn)有的直接與間接的文化表達手法。文中分別對這幾方面中體現(xiàn)出的特點、值得借鑒采納的優(yōu)點,與尚需改進的不足進行了闡述——即重慶主城佛寺園林景前區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出類型多樣、注重功能、適應山地環(huán)境、造景配合實用的特征,其各類自身體現(xiàn)出的協(xié)調性與靈活性值得借鑒。但是,該空間對相應文化性的表達,在現(xiàn)狀營造中還有所欠缺。在此基礎上,本文通過對實例各方面分析結果的總結,結合可供營造時參照的山地景觀設計、環(huán)境心理學、景觀美學及佛寺園林設計要點,提煉出佛寺園林景前區(qū)營造的原則——分類明確營造、按需提供要素、空間涵載文化、呼應佛寺內(nèi)容,并得出了佛寺園林景前區(qū)的形態(tài)、界定、序列方面的空間組織;各類景前區(qū)各有側重的含節(jié)點、道路、植物等造景的設計要點;及以直接、間接的手法對文化進行進一步表達的方法,以提升空間文化感等結論。本文還進一步將研究成果與結論應用于實際案例方家山生態(tài)公園“朝佛之徑,修行之路”中,并通過對該案例的解說,達成理論與實踐的結合。通過對重慶主城佛寺園林景前區(qū)功能要素、組成內(nèi)容、客觀審美與意境營建等的實例研究、方法總結、理論提煉、實例運用,希望本文能為相關空間的設計、修復等提供參考、指導,并以佛寺園林景前區(qū)為立足點,為探索園林中客觀空間作為精神載體的表達,為意境凝練、場所精神、景觀敘事提供借鑒視角。
[Abstract]:Temple garden full of dust for refined scenery, quiet and profound artistic conception, splendid history and culture, and in the construction of the humanities and arts, both inside the thick, popular. In religious function, which provides public gatherings and festival Leisure Recreation Department has been for people in modern life in the busy. That people want to relax, get rid of the vulgar, the temple garden becomes quiet detached yearning and people's choice. The former District, Temple Garden Road, the square in front of the temple, and other recreational space formed by combining nodes outside of the temple garden space, not only has the common objective of building external environment traffic organization to guide the transition of landscape aesthetic facilities, services and other functions, it is more attractive for the opening of the temple garden, there is a close relationship with the temple garden, temple garden and constitute the complete sequence. This will require the landscape of temple garden The forest landscape area not only for people looking for the temple, walking, recreation, distribution, should be leading the transition space, a fusion with the deep meaning of the temple garden, and the extension of the space in the temple. Through to have great originality in which people suggest to the scene, the progressive and subtle narrative artistic conception the brewing people's emotions, promoting people into the temple gradually clear the mind, the nature of the physical and mental transition. Chongqing Dangdi mountains Dachuan natural environment and rich cultural heritage, in which various temple garden types, and in the location, layout, and unique regional customs are garden, the scene before the District has different characteristics, style and construction. This paper focus on the main city of Chongqing in the 30 temple and the corresponding scene before the survey, mapping, analysis, research on the Buddhist temple in the surrounding environment, location, landscape architecture To explore the existing landscape layout, the front space composition, functional facilities, design status, artistic conception and creation, and carries on the induction and integration, as if the lack of Buddhist temple garden area before the design of academic materials complement. The core content of this paper includes: (1) location of Buddhist temple in Chongqing City area, and outline in the layout of the building, as the important background information. Discuss the basic functions of the existing space, which pave the way to guide, organize series, landscape service, narrative culture; the space bearing function of the constituent elements, namely, node, road, plant facilities, and accordingly the. (2) combined with the survey data, the Buddhist temple garden before the city is divided into transitional type, garden group (under the dominant category and class Buddhist temple attractions), Xiang Lin visit you, an overview of the various lists, through some examples. The status of the induction, to explore the spatial impact on the spatial factors, time factors and demand factors and analysis. (3) discussed the main city of Chongqing temple garden area before the design of the status quo with examples, mainly includes the spatial organization, landscape content, culture of several aspects. Among them, the spatial organization including this kind of space sequence, space form and space definition; including the landscape space with the Chongqing urban environment, use of terrain, the scene is rich, using elements of the material, color and texture processing; the expression is discussed and summarized the main city of Chongqing in the space of the existing direct and indirect culture expression. In this article embody the characteristics of these aspects of reference adopt advantages, and still need to improve the shortcomings are described, the main city of Chongqing temple garden area before showing class Type diversity, emphasis on function, to the mountain environment, landscaping with practical characteristics, coordination and flexibility of the various types of its worth learning. However, the expression of the space corresponding to the culture of the status quo in construction is still lacking. On this basis, through all aspects of the results summarized, combined with the mountain landscape design, reference to create the environmental psychology, landscape aesthetics and temple garden design points, refine the classification principle of Buddhist temple garden - area before the building to create a clear, provide elements according to need, Han culture space, echoes the Buddhist temple and draw the temple garden, scene area before the definition, form, space organization sequence; various types of landscape area in front of each node, including on the road, the design points of plant landscaping etc.; and to direct, indirect manipulation of culture for further expression method, to enhance the space The cultural sense of conclusion. Furthermore, the research results and conclusions to practical case Fangjiashan ecological park "in the path of the Buddha, the spiritual path", and through the case that, to achieve a combination of theory and practice. Based on the main city of Chongqing temple garden area before the functional elements, content, examples study on the aesthetic and artistic conception, objective construction methods, refined theory, application, hope is designed in this paper related to space, provide a reference guide to the area before the repair, and temple garden as the starting point, to explore the landscape space as objective expression vector of the spirit, for the artistic conception concise, the spirit of place. From Perspective of landscape narrative.

【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU986.5;TU984.18

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