本文關(guān)鍵詞： 可可西里 氣候特征 景觀(guān)格局 動(dòng)態(tài)演變 驅(qū)動(dòng)力分析　出處：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：可可西里國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)地處青藏高原東部腹地,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)異常脆弱。近年來(lái)全球氣候變化劇烈,對(duì)可可西里保護(hù)區(qū)的影響也日趨明顯。因此,研究可可西里保護(hù)區(qū)的氣候變化特征,并揭示這一變化對(duì)可可西里保護(hù)區(qū)的景觀(guān)格局及其動(dòng)態(tài)變化的影響具有重要意義。本研究以氣象數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),分析了可可西里1970～2013年間氣候變化特征,并基于1990年、2000年和2013年的遙感影像數(shù)據(jù),使用3S技術(shù)和景觀(guān)格局指數(shù)法分析可可西里保護(hù)區(qū)的景觀(guān)格局特征和時(shí)空變化規(guī)律。通過(guò)灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析法比較了氣候變化和景觀(guān)格局動(dòng)態(tài)的關(guān)系,闡明了可可西里保護(hù)區(qū)景觀(guān)格局變化的驅(qū)動(dòng)力因子,探討了多時(shí)間尺度上的氣候累積效應(yīng)對(duì)景觀(guān)格局的不同影響。統(tǒng)計(jì)44年氣候數(shù)據(jù)表明,研究區(qū)年降水量以20.3mm/10年的速率波動(dòng)上升,年均溫以0.38℃/10年的速率上升,氣候總體呈現(xiàn)暖濕變化趨勢(shì)。解譯獲取保護(hù)區(qū)的三期景觀(guān)類(lèi)型分布結(jié)果表明,該區(qū)景觀(guān)1990年至2000年的冰川和永久積雪、水域、高寒草甸和沼澤濕地都有減少趨勢(shì),裸地增加明顯,單一化和荒漠化程度加�。�2000年至2013年該區(qū)的部分裸地向水域、高寒草甸、沼澤濕地和高寒草原轉(zhuǎn)化,景觀(guān)呈現(xiàn)多樣化和復(fù)雜化特征。該區(qū)冰川和永久積雪、沼澤濕地受到年均溫的主要影響,水域、高寒草甸和高寒草原的主要?dú)夂蝌?qū)動(dòng)因子則分別是降水量、潛在蒸散量和相對(duì)濕度。多時(shí)間尺度的氣候累積效應(yīng)表明,冰川和永久積雪、水域、沼澤濕地受到11年氣候累積的影響最大,植被則對(duì)較短尺度的氣候變化響應(yīng)更劇烈。高寒草甸面積受到2年的綜合氣候累積效應(yīng)影響最大,高寒草原則對(duì)5年氣候累積效應(yīng)響應(yīng)更明顯,高寒草原較高寒草甸對(duì)氣候累積變化的響應(yīng)相對(duì)滯后。可可西里景觀(guān)格局變化整體受到了氣候的顯著影響。
[Abstract]:Hoh Xili National Nature Reserve is located in the hinterland of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the ecosystem is extremely fragile. In recent years, the global climate change is severe, and the impact on the Kehsili Reserve is becoming more and more obvious. It is of great significance to study the climate change characteristics of Hohsili Reserve and to reveal the influence of this change on the landscape pattern and its dynamic change. This study is based on meteorological data. The characteristics of climate change between 1970 and 2013 in Hoh Xili were analyzed, and the remote sensing image data from 1990, 2000 and 2013 were analyzed. Using 3s technique and landscape pattern index method, the characteristics of landscape pattern and temporal and spatial changes in Hoh Xili Reserve were analyzed. The relationship between climate change and landscape pattern dynamics was compared by grey correlation analysis. The driving factors of landscape pattern change in Hohsili Reserve were expounded, and the different effects of climate accumulation effect on landscape pattern on multiple time scales were discussed. The annual precipitation fluctuated at the rate of 20.3 mm / 10 years, and the annual mean temperature increased at 0.38 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1469286