【摘要】：文章擬以現(xiàn)代漢語人稱代詞“人家”為主要考察對象，從歷時和共時兩個層面，對“人家”進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的個案研究。歷時層面分析人稱代詞“人家”的來源，共時層面，主要從語義、句法、語用三個平面角度來考察“人家”的用法。 文章的正文部分共分為五章。 第一章引言。交代人稱代詞“人家”的選題緣由，研究范圍，研究概況，研究意義，研究方法，文章的創(chuàng)新之處以及語料來源。 第二章人稱代詞“人家”的來源。以大量古代漢語語料為基礎(chǔ)，交代人稱代詞“人家”的來源。以先秦、魏晉南北朝、唐代、宋元等幾段重要的歷史時期為基點(diǎn)，從歷時角度梳理“人家”的發(fā)展演變軌跡。 第三章人稱代詞“人家”的語義分析。交代了“人家”在《漢語大詞典》《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》《現(xiàn)代漢語八百詞》里的釋義，闡述了對“人家”語義的理解。指出了“人家”具有替代、指示、區(qū)別這三種指代功能，并具體分析了“人家”表替代時的所指對象的語義角色類型。認(rèn)為“人家”不同語義的形成跟語言的主觀性有關(guān)，運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語言學(xué)中的“視角”和“情感”解釋“人家”幾種語義產(chǎn)生的原因。 第四章人稱代詞“人家”的句法表現(xiàn)。分析了“人家”和指人名詞共現(xiàn)的句法結(jié)構(gòu)�！叭思�+指人名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)對指人名詞有所選擇，，含有貶義和消極色彩的指人名詞無法進(jìn)入“人家+指人名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)�？疾臁叭思摇北韰^(qū)別時出現(xiàn)的復(fù)句類型�！叭思摇迸c其他人稱代詞對待出現(xiàn)在有對比關(guān)系的并列復(fù)句、遞進(jìn)復(fù)句、轉(zhuǎn)折復(fù)句、假設(shè)復(fù)句中。 第五章人稱代詞“人家”的語用考察。對“人家”的語用環(huán)境進(jìn)行分析，包括“人家”的使用條件和“人家”的語體分布，從而總結(jié)“人家”不同的意義各自的語用環(huán)境。以語言的功能性為落腳點(diǎn)，考察分析“人家”的語用功能。 結(jié)語部分對文章做全面的總結(jié)，總結(jié)人稱代詞“人家”的來源和在現(xiàn)代漢語中的使用特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Taking the modern Chinese personal pronoun "other people" as the main object of investigation, this paper makes a systematic case study of "other people" from the diachronic and synchronic levels. At the diachronic level, the origin of the personal pronoun "other people" is analyzed. At the synchronic level, the usage of the personal pronoun "other person" is studied from the three aspects of semantics, syntax and pragmatics. The text of the article is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is introduction. This paper explains the reason, scope, significance, method, innovation and data source of personal pronoun "other people". The second chapter is the source of the personal pronoun "other people". Based on a large number of ancient Chinese corpus, the source of personal pronoun "other people" is explained. Based on several important historical periods, such as Pre-Qin, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, Tang Dynasty and Song and Yuan Dynasty, this paper combs the development and evolution of "other people" from a diachronic point of view. The third chapter is the semantic analysis of the personal pronoun "he". This paper explains the meaning of "other people" in "Chinese Dictionary" and "800 words of Modern Chinese", and expounds the understanding of the semantics of "other people". This paper points out that the "other person" has the functions of substitution, indication and differentiation, and analyzes the semantic role types of the objects referred to in the substitution of the "other person" table. The author thinks that the formation of different semantics of "other people" is related to the subjectivity of language, and explains the causes of "others" by using the "visual angle" and "emotion" in cognitive linguistics. The fourth chapter is the syntactic expression of the personal pronoun "he". This paper analyzes the syntactic structure of co-occurrence of "other people" and nouns. The structure of "people's nouns" has a choice to refer to human nouns, and the nouns with derogatory and negative connotations cannot enter the structure of "people's nouns". Examine the types of complex sentences that appear when "others" are distinguished. "people" and other personal pronouns are treated in parallel complex sentences, progressive complex sentences, turning complex sentences, hypothetical complex sentences with contrastive relations. Chapter five: a pragmatic study of the personal pronoun "he". This paper analyzes the pragmatic environment of "other people", including the usage conditions of "other people" and the style distribution of "other people", so as to sum up the different meanings of "other people" in their respective pragmatic environments. Based on the function of language, this paper investigates and analyzes the pragmatic function of "other people". In the conclusion part, the author summarizes the source of personal pronoun "other people" and the characteristics of its use in modern Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H146

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