本文選題：慈利方言　切入點(diǎn)：三合口話(huà)　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：量詞是現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)的基本詞類(lèi)之一，，它在口語(yǔ)中的使用頻率很高，各方言都有數(shù)量可觀(guān)的量詞，且多具有明顯特色。本文以湖南省慈利縣三合口話(huà)量詞為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)對(duì)其分類(lèi)、構(gòu)成、用法等方面的描寫(xiě)與分析，反映三合口話(huà)量詞的基本面貌，并通過(guò)與普通話(huà)量詞的對(duì)比分析揭示方言量詞的特點(diǎn)。 全文共分為五章： 第一章是緒論。首先論述本文的選題源起和研究意義，介紹本文的語(yǔ)料來(lái)源；其次對(duì)漢語(yǔ)量詞的研究歷史和方言量詞的研究現(xiàn)狀作簡(jiǎn)單的梳理和說(shuō)明；隨后介紹慈利縣的概況和歷史沿革；最后明確三合口話(huà)屬于西南官話(huà)湖廣片的湘北小片，并對(duì)三合口話(huà)的音系進(jìn)行介紹。 第二章是三合口話(huà)的量詞概貌。第一節(jié)對(duì)漢語(yǔ)量詞歷來(lái)的分類(lèi)情況進(jìn)行大致介紹，并確定三合口話(huà)量詞的分類(lèi)方式，即采用名量、動(dòng)量二分法，每個(gè)大類(lèi)之下再細(xì)分不同的小類(lèi)。第二節(jié)和第三節(jié)以表格為主要形式逐類(lèi)介紹三合口話(huà)中的名量詞和動(dòng)量詞，其中名量詞分為個(gè)體量詞、集合量詞、度量衡量詞和臨時(shí)量詞四類(lèi)；動(dòng)量詞分為專(zhuān)職動(dòng)量詞、借用動(dòng)量詞和時(shí)間量詞三類(lèi)。 第三章是三合口話(huà)中的量詞變化形式和量詞結(jié)構(gòu)。第一節(jié)按照構(gòu)造類(lèi)型對(duì)量詞的各種變化形式進(jìn)行分類(lèi)描寫(xiě)，說(shuō)明其在構(gòu)成、功能、意義和用途上的特點(diǎn)。三合口話(huà)量詞的變化形式比較豐富，從構(gòu)造類(lèi)型上說(shuō)，可分為重疊式、附加式、重疊附加式、重疊鑲嵌式；就各種變化形式所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)法意義來(lái)說(shuō)，可表遍量、全量、約量、大量、小量、分量、逐量、滿(mǎn)意量；從用途方面來(lái)說(shuō)，有原式還有強(qiáng)調(diào)式。第二節(jié)對(duì)三合口話(huà)的量詞結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行介紹。三合口話(huà)中的量詞結(jié)構(gòu)主要有數(shù)量結(jié)構(gòu)、指量結(jié)構(gòu)和疑量結(jié)構(gòu)三大類(lèi)，其中數(shù)量結(jié)構(gòu)比較豐富，共有十種，為敘述方便，從形式和語(yǔ)義兩個(gè)角度將其分為五組；指量結(jié)構(gòu)有三種；疑量結(jié)構(gòu)有三種，根據(jù)提問(wèn)形式分為兩組。 第四章是三合口話(huà)量詞與普通話(huà)量詞的比較研究。第一節(jié)對(duì)二者中量詞的總體構(gòu)成情況進(jìn)行比較，其中三合口話(huà)特有的量詞44個(gè)，三合口話(huà)沒(méi)有的量詞105個(gè)，三合口話(huà)和普通話(huà)共有的量詞129個(gè)。第二節(jié)對(duì)二者共有的129個(gè)量詞從搭配上進(jìn)行比較，有搭配完全一致、搭配不完全一致、搭配完全不一致三種情形。第三節(jié)對(duì)量詞變化形式和量詞結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較，三合口話(huà)的量詞變化形式以及量詞結(jié)構(gòu)和普通話(huà)相比，形式更豐富，表現(xiàn)力也更強(qiáng)。 第五章是結(jié)語(yǔ)。結(jié)語(yǔ)部分主要是對(duì)前文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)歸納，從而概括出三合口話(huà)量詞系統(tǒng)的基本面貌和主要特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Classifier is one of the basic parts of speech in modern Chinese, it is used frequently in spoken language, each dialect has a considerable number of quantifiers, and most of them have obvious characteristics. This paper takes the classifier of Sanhe dialect in Cili County, Hunan Province, as the research object. Through the description and analysis of its classification, composition and usage, it reflects the basic features of the classifiers in Sanhe dialect, and reveals the characteristics of the classifiers in dialect through the comparative analysis with the classifiers in Putonghua. The full text is divided into five chapters:. The first chapter is the introduction. Firstly, it discusses the origin and significance of the topic, introduces the source of the corpus of this paper, and then briefly combs the research history of Chinese classifiers and the research status of dialect classifiers. Then it introduces the general situation and historical evolution of Cili County. Finally, it clarifies that Sanhekou dialect belongs to the Hunan small piece of Huguang film in Southwest Mandarin, and introduces the phonological system of Sanhekou dialect. The first section gives a general introduction to the traditional classification of Chinese classifiers, and determines the classification methods of classifiers in Sanhe dialect, that is, nominal quantity and momentum dichotomy. The second and third sections introduce, in the form of tables, nominal quantifiers and momentum words in Sanhe dialect, which are divided into individual classifiers and aggregate quantifiers. There are four categories of metrology and temporary quantifier, and the variable quantifier is divided into three categories: professional momentum word, borrowed momentum word and time classifier. The third chapter is the change form and structure of classifier in Sanhekou dialect. The first section classifies and describes the various forms of classifier according to the structural type, and explains its composition and function. In terms of structural types, they can be divided into reduplication type, additional type, overlapping additional type, overlapping mosaic type; in terms of the grammatical meaning expressed in various changing forms, The quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity, the quantity. The second section introduces the structure of classifiers in Sanhekou dialect. There are three categories of quantifier structure in Sanhekou dialect, including quantitative structure and suspect structure, among which there are ten kinds of quantitative structure. For the convenience of narration, it is divided into five groups from two angles of form and semantics: three kinds of index structure and three kinds of suspect structure, which are divided into two groups according to the form of questioning. The fourth chapter is a comparative study of the classifiers in Sanhe dialect and Putonghua. The first section compares the overall composition of the classifiers in the two languages, including 44 classifiers unique to Sanhe dialect and 105 classifiers that do not exist in Sanhe dialect. There are 129 classifiers shared by Sanhe dialect and Putonghua. In the second section, the comparison of 129 classifiers shared by the two groups shows that the collocation is completely consistent, but the collocation is not completely consistent. The third section compares the change form of classifier and the structure of classifier. The change form of classifier and the structure of classifier in Sanhe dialect are richer in form and stronger in expressiveness than in Putonghua. The fifth chapter is the conclusion. The conclusion part is to summarize the contents of the preceding text, thus generalizing the basic features and main features of the system of classifiers in Sanhe dialect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H174

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