【摘要】：近年來(lái)隨著開(kāi)放程度的不斷加深,中西方國(guó)家的跨文化交際也持續(xù)擴(kuò)大,西方社會(huì)的方方面面越來(lái)越多的走向了我們,我們有了更多與西方國(guó)家交流的機(jī)會(huì)。但我們面對(duì)的是來(lái)自不同國(guó)家、不同文化背景、不同語(yǔ)言和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的人。因此由于中西方文化差異造成的諸多文化沖突,和由此產(chǎn)生的誤解給跨文化交際帶來(lái)了障礙。 文化,既是漢語(yǔ)中已有的詞匯也是一個(gè)在近代被賦予新意、內(nèi)容豐富的概念。文化是人類(lèi)所創(chuàng)造的物質(zhì)財(cái)富和精神財(cái)富的總和；是社會(huì)的意識(shí)形態(tài),是一種歷史現(xiàn)象。文化具有如此豐富的內(nèi)涵和外延,正因?yàn)檫@一特點(diǎn)它具有強(qiáng)烈的吸引力。因此近年來(lái),翻譯中的文化視角逐漸成為了研究的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)。一方面,語(yǔ)言的誤譯尤其是習(xí)語(yǔ)的誤譯造成的誤會(huì)和沖突,是交往中的難題。另一方面,文化差異造成的在跨文化翻譯中源語(yǔ)文化的流失現(xiàn)象更是普遍存在。 在與西方國(guó)家的交際中,英語(yǔ)是一種最為關(guān)鍵的媒介,大家依靠英語(yǔ)相互交流。英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)、英美文化與華夏文化以及他們的差異是我討論的主題之一。本文從文化的角度入手首先對(duì)文化進(jìn)行概述,進(jìn)而對(duì)華夏文化和英美文化作了描述,并對(duì)中西方的文化差異做了比較。文章舉大量例證說(shuō)明了漢英習(xí)語(yǔ)的跨文化翻譯,并對(duì)漢英習(xí)語(yǔ)在跨文化翻譯中的文化流失現(xiàn)象作了重點(diǎn)分析,內(nèi)容涉及漢文化中的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)、成語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)和歇后語(yǔ),英美文化中與政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、日常生活等相關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)中出現(xiàn)的一些流行用語(yǔ)。接著文章從文化負(fù)遷移、文化空缺、文化沖突、宗教信仰、世界觀與價(jià)值觀等角度闡述了在漢英習(xí)語(yǔ)跨文化翻譯中文化流失的原因。最后對(duì)由于文化差異造成的文化流失和由此帶來(lái)的習(xí)語(yǔ)翻譯問(wèn)題給出了相應(yīng)的翻譯應(yīng)對(duì)策略。 總而言之,翻譯本身就是要通過(guò)語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換來(lái)達(dá)到跨文化交際的目的。我們除了要通曉?xún)煞N語(yǔ)言之外還要深刻了解兩種不同的文化和他們之間的關(guān)系。隨著不同國(guó)家不同民族交流的深入,人們對(duì)于不同的文化的了解也日趨深入,因此我們應(yīng)該盡可能的在跨文化翻譯的過(guò)程中保持習(xí)語(yǔ)的風(fēng)格和異域文化,既忠實(shí)的表達(dá)出字面意義又能傳達(dá)其隱含意義。 本文從英漢翻譯中文化流失現(xiàn)象的分析入手,力圖對(duì)英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的跨文化翻譯中存在的文化流失現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行歸納分析,并找出解決這一問(wèn)題的最佳切入點(diǎn),從而引起廣大英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)跨文化翻譯中文化流失現(xiàn)象重視,而不斷將本民族的文化轉(zhuǎn)化為人類(lèi)共享和共有的資源,讓中國(guó)進(jìn)一步的走向世界,融入到國(guó)際大家庭。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the deepening of the degree of openness, the cross-cultural communication between China and the West continues to expand, and more aspects of the western society come to us, and we have more opportunities to communicate with the Western countries. But we face people from different countries, cultures, languages and customs. Therefore, many cultural conflicts caused by the cultural differences between China and the West, and the resulting misunderstandings have brought obstacles to cross-cultural communication. Culture is not only an existing word in Chinese but also a new and rich concept in modern times. Culture is the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human beings, the ideology of society and a historical phenomenon. Culture has such a rich connotation and extension, precisely because of this feature it has a strong appeal. Therefore, in recent years, cultural perspective in translation has gradually become the focus and focus of research. On the one hand, the misunderstanding and conflict caused by the translation of language, especially idioms, is a difficult problem in communication. On the other hand, the loss of source language culture caused by cultural differences in cross-cultural translation is even more common. English is the most important medium in communication with western countries. English and Chinese, Anglo-American culture and Chinese culture and their differences are one of my topics. From the perspective of culture, this paper first summarizes culture, then describes Chinese culture and Anglo-American culture, and compares the cultural differences between China and the West. In this paper, many examples are given to illustrate the cross-cultural translation of Chinese and English idioms, and the cultural loss of Chinese and English idioms in cross-cultural translation is analyzed, which involves idioms, proverbs and sayings in Chinese culture. British and American idioms and slang related to politics, economy, daily life, etc. Then from the perspective of negative transfer of culture, cultural vacancy, cultural conflict, religious belief, world outlook and values, this paper expounds the reasons for the loss of culture in Chinese-English idiom translation. Finally, the corresponding translation strategies are given to the cultural loss caused by cultural differences and the resulting idiom translation problems. In a word, translation itself is to achieve the purpose of cross-cultural communication through language conversion. We have to understand two different cultures and how they relate to each other in addition to two languages. With the deepening of communication between different countries and nationalities, people have a deeper understanding of different cultures. Therefore, we should try our best to maintain idiom style and foreign culture in the process of cross-cultural translation. Both faithfully express the literal meaning and convey its implied meaning. Starting with the analysis of the phenomenon of cultural loss in English-Chinese translation, this paper tries to sum up and analyze the phenomenon of cultural loss in cross-cultural translation between English and Chinese, and to find out the best way to solve this problem. As a result, most English learners attach importance to the phenomenon of cultural loss in cross-cultural translation, and constantly transform the culture of their own nation into shared and shared resources of human beings, so that China can go further into the world and integrate into the international community.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H315.9

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