本文選題：《韋氏新世界大學(xué)詞典》第五版 + 同義詞辨析��； 參考：《廣東外語(yǔ)外貿(mào)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：同義詞辨析欄(SPs)在英語(yǔ)大學(xué)詞典中由來(lái)已久,而且同義詞辨析(SD)在大部分大學(xué)詞典中占有重要地位。本文以《韋氏新世界大學(xué)詞典》最新版本(WNWD-5)中的動(dòng)詞同義詞辨析欄為研究對(duì)象,旨在探究這些動(dòng)詞為何要辨析、如何辨析,從而概括并構(gòu)建其辨析模式,并提針對(duì)現(xiàn)有的不足提出初步的改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)。首先,本文采用對(duì)比研究的方法,對(duì)比WNWD-5和其他三部完善的大學(xué)詞典,以此探究WNWD-5中同義詞辨析欄的特點(diǎn),并通過(guò)用戶視角解釋該詞典中相關(guān)的辨析欄情況。然后,借鑒Levin(1993年)對(duì)動(dòng)詞的研究,將動(dòng)詞同義詞辨析欄中的動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行分類,在此分類基礎(chǔ)上選用15組同義動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行分析。通過(guò)分析這些樣本,得出被辨析動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn),以及辨析這些動(dòng)詞的原因。接著對(duì)15組辨析欄的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)體現(xiàn)同義動(dòng)詞差異的維度,通過(guò)這些維度可知所涉及到的意義類型,并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立辨析模式。最后,該模式在以teach為主導(dǎo)詞的這一組辨析欄的個(gè)案研究中得到檢驗(yàn),并提出辨析欄中辨析存在的不足,以及相應(yīng)的改進(jìn)意見(jiàn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):1)WNWD-5中的同義詞辨析欄有著自身的特點(diǎn):它們均勻地分布于英語(yǔ)中三種主要的詞類中,即名詞、動(dòng)詞和形容詞三類詞中;每個(gè)辨析欄一般辨析四到六個(gè)同義詞;WNWD-5和其他大學(xué)詞典不同,辨析欄不會(huì)在欄首列出該欄所辨析的所有同義詞,也沒(méi)有一個(gè)專門的成分表示被辨析的詞的共同語(yǔ)義2)辨析欄內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞在某個(gè)義項(xiàng)上緊密相連,他們形成一個(gè)以主導(dǎo)詞為原型的范疇;反映人的心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞、表達(dá)個(gè)人感受的動(dòng)詞、描述人類日常活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,以及表達(dá)物體的自然常見(jiàn)的移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞是該詞典最有可能被辨析的對(duì)象;3)同義動(dòng)詞主要從原因、目的、程度等不同角度展現(xiàn)差異,其中涉及到概念意義,以及內(nèi)涵意義和社會(huì)意義三種意義類型;辨析語(yǔ)句中的同義詞一般形成一種直線型關(guān)系、放射型關(guān)系或者是混合型關(guān)系;辨析欄中同義詞的排列順序可從頻率和典型程度來(lái)考慮;文章對(duì)動(dòng)詞同義詞辨析欄的研究結(jié)果體現(xiàn)在所給出的辨析模式之中,一個(gè)是針對(duì)語(yǔ)義差異的模式,另一個(gè)是同義信息編排的模式;模式能有效地解釋以teach為主導(dǎo)詞的辨析欄;4)詞典中辨析欄缺少語(yǔ)義共同成分、辨析語(yǔ)句中屬詞不統(tǒng)一,從范疇化角度出發(fā),是值得改進(jìn)的地方,另外,從用戶視角的角度來(lái)看,句子例證的比例可適當(dāng)減小。本文對(duì)WNWD-5中同義動(dòng)詞的辨析信息的設(shè)置的研究,有利于促進(jìn)該詞典中辨析欄的設(shè)置,有利于用戶更好地掌握同義詞辨析欄內(nèi)的辨析信息,豐富了同義詞辨析的研究,同時(shí)有利于面向高階學(xué)習(xí)者的同義詞辨析欄的辨析欄的設(shè)置。
[Abstract]:Synonym discrimination (SPs) has a long history in English university dictionaries, and synonym discrimination (SDS) plays an important role in most college dictionaries. This paper takes the verb synonym discrimination column in the latest edition of Wechsler's New World University Dictionary (WNWD-5) as the object of study. The purpose of this study is to explore why these verbs should be differentiated and how to discriminate, so as to generalize and construct their discriminative models. At the same time, some suggestions are put forward for the improvement of the existing deficiency. Firstly, this paper uses the method of comparative study to compare WNWD-5 and three other perfect college dictionaries, so as to explore the characteristics of synonym discrimination column in WNWD-5, and to explain the related discriminative columns in WNWD-5 dictionary from the perspective of users. Then, using Levin (1993) for reference to the study of verbs, the verbs in the column of verb synonym discrimination are classified, and 15 groups of synonymous verbs are selected for analysis on the basis of this classification. By analyzing these samples, the characteristics of the verbs are analyzed, and the causes of the verbs are also analyzed. Then the analysis of 15 groups of discriminative columns reveals the dimensions of the differences of synonymous verbs, through which we can know the types of meanings involved, and then establish the discriminative model on the basis of these dimensions. Finally, the model is tested in the case study of the discriminative column with teach as the leading word, and the shortcomings of the discrimination in the discriminative column are put forward, and the corresponding suggestions for improvement are put forward. It is found that the synonym discriminating column in WNWD-5 has its own characteristics: they are evenly distributed among the three main parts of speech in English, namely nouns, verbs and adjectives; Each column generally discriminates four to six synonyms / WNWD-5, unlike other university dictionaries, which do not list all the synonyms identified in that column at the beginning of the column. There is also no specific component to indicate the common semantic meaning of the word being identified. 2) the verbs in the discriminant column are closely connected in a certain meaning. They form a category based on the dominant word; a verb that reflects the psychological state of a person. Verbs that express personal feelings, verbs that describe human daily activities, and verbs that express the natural movement of objects are the objects most likely to be identified in the dictionary. Different angles such as degree show differences, which involve three types of meaning: conceptual meaning, connotative meaning and social meaning; synonyms in discriminating sentences generally form a linear, radiative or mixed relationship. The arrangement order of synonyms in the discriminating column can be considered from the frequency and the typical degree. The other is the pattern of synonymous information arrangement, which can effectively explain the lack of semantic common elements in the discriminative column with teach as the leading word, and the disunity of the words in the discriminating sentence, which is worthy of improvement from the perspective of categorization. In addition, from the perspective of the user, the proportion of sentence examples can be reduced. In this paper, the research on the setting of discriminative information of synonymous verbs in WNWD-5 is helpful to promote the setting of discriminative columns in this dictionary, to help users better grasp the discriminative information in synonym discriminations, and to enrich the research on synonym discrimination. At the same time, it is beneficial to the setting of synonym discrimination column for higher-level learners.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東外語(yǔ)外貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H313

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