發(fā)布時間：2018-03-18 01:24

  本文選題：中醫(yī)術(shù)語　切入點：翻譯等值　出處：《東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中醫(yī)是中國輝煌的傳統(tǒng)文化之一,中華文化不可或缺的組成部分之一,它是一門涉及人體生理、病理、診斷、治療和疾病預(yù)防的科學(xué)。中醫(yī)為中華人民健康水平的提高、民族的繁榮昌盛及世界醫(yī)學(xué)的豐富及發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。中醫(yī)在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ铕B(yǎng)生、保健、疾病預(yù)防和治療等方面效果顯著,相對西醫(yī)、西藥對抗療法,中醫(yī)副作用小和簡便廉驗的特點使它越來越受到世界醫(yī)學(xué)界的關(guān)注。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化尤其是高等教育的國際化發(fā)展和東南亞及歐美等國家“中醫(yī)熱”的出現(xiàn),越來越多的海外人士到中國來學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)。但中醫(yī)受中國傳統(tǒng)文化影響,其術(shù)語有這獨一無二的特點,對國外人來說是一種異質(zhì)文化,有著相當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)難度。為了能夠更好的學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī),在相當(dāng)長的歷史時期內(nèi),許多專家、學(xué)者在中醫(yī)的翻譯與傳播方面做了大量工作。但目前中醫(yī)理論翻譯工作仍有美中不足,一些誤譯、譯文冗長以及術(shù)語譯文不統(tǒng)一等現(xiàn)象屢見不鮮。這主要是由于缺乏有效、權(quán)威的中醫(yī)翻譯指導(dǎo)理論和原則,以及譯者本身在語言和醫(yī)學(xué)理論方面的知識欠缺所導(dǎo)致。中醫(yī)文獻(xiàn)翻譯的難度,很大程度上源于中醫(yī)理論與西醫(yī)理論在語言“層次” (語法、詞匯、語音、詞形等)和“級階” (語法結(jié)構(gòu)、句子、短語、詞、詞素等)的任何一個交叉點上建立對等翻譯,加上中西方在文化上存在的巨大差異,使中醫(yī)理論著作翻譯存在很大困難�？ㄌ馗５路謩e從語言的四個基本層次、五個基本級階深入語言系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部,觸及語言本質(zhì)探討翻譯問題,分析影響等值翻譯的語言單位變量,概括出套相對完整的翻譯理論模式,從而使翻譯研究更加客觀和科學(xué)。隨著國內(nèi)外語言翻譯理論的不斷發(fā)展和成熟,越來越多的學(xué)者將先進(jìn)的翻譯理論應(yīng)用于中醫(yī)英譯工作中。然而這些研究者基本可以分為兩個派別,一部分是選擇純靜態(tài)的翻譯模式,過于強(qiáng)調(diào)譯文和原文術(shù)語在意義上的完全對應(yīng),另一部分則選擇順應(yīng)的動態(tài)翻譯模式來指導(dǎo)中醫(yī)英譯,很少有“靜”與“動”結(jié)合起來,系統(tǒng)地從翻譯等值和翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換兩個理論靈活運用在中醫(yī)翻譯實踐中。筆者從翻譯等值角度出發(fā),力求科學(xué)闡釋翻譯名家卡特福德如何在翻譯過程中實現(xiàn)語言“層次”和“級階”翻譯等值問題,并舉例分析中西醫(yī)術(shù)語英譯如何在語言“級階”上實現(xiàn)對等,等值再現(xiàn)原文內(nèi)容,使譯文和原文盡可能達(dá)到翻譯中的等效。在翻譯等值與翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換相結(jié)合的基礎(chǔ)上提出中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯的一些指導(dǎo)原則和方法。本文采用了定性研究方法,對以下兩個方面內(nèi)容進(jìn)行研究：第一,語料分析研究,本文選取了三個《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》英譯本：李照國譯本,維斯譯本(Veith),吳連勝和吳奇譯本為研究對象以及其他中醫(yī)名著譯本和中醫(yī)藥術(shù)語詞典,根據(jù)卡特福德等值翻譯理論的語言“層次”和“級階”兩個角度從文本分別篩選出典型中醫(yī)英譯術(shù)語,并例證分析如何在翻譯中實現(xiàn)翻譯等值和翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換。第二,從譯文中選取等值翻譯不能實現(xiàn)原文與譯文信息對等的術(shù)語和句子,并積極探索其相應(yīng)的動態(tài)的翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換模式,如層次轉(zhuǎn)換和范疇轉(zhuǎn)換,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出適合中醫(yī)理論術(shù)語翻譯的翻譯方法。本文共包括五部分：第一章為前言部分,介紹本文的研究背景、目的、研究的意義以及本文整體結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章為文獻(xiàn)綜述部分。在本部分中,首先介紹了中醫(yī)術(shù)語的定義和中醫(yī)術(shù)語的特點,簡要分析了中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯存在的主要問題所在,并且回顧了國內(nèi)外著名翻譯名家從不同角度對中醫(yī)翻譯工作所作出的研究情況。第三部分為本文的理論部分。本章分別從翻譯等值和翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換兩個角度介紹了卡特福德翻譯理論以及其理論精髓,并簡要介紹卡特福德的翻譯分類。第四章為卡特福德翻譯理論實用性分析部分,作者從翻譯等值和翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換理論兩個維度,分析如何將卡氏翻譯論應(yīng)用于中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯中。然后在卡特福德翻譯理論視角下,提出中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯指導(dǎo)原則,即簡潔性、自然性、文化性、一致性和科學(xué)性。最后,筆者結(jié)合翻譯等值于翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換理論,提出八種適合中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯的策略：音譯、直譯、借用、詞素翻譯及直譯、音譯、詞素翻譯分別相結(jié)合,最后在翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換理論的指導(dǎo)下提出中醫(yī)術(shù)語意譯翻譯方法。第五章為本文的總結(jié)部分。首先作者對本文進(jìn)行歸納與總結(jié),提出本文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),其次指出本文存在的缺陷與不足,并為今后在此課題上的進(jìn)一步研究提出建議。本研究的創(chuàng)新之處在于：第一,將卡特福德翻譯理論應(yīng)用于中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯研究中,并以《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》以及中醫(yī)術(shù)語詞典為語料庫。第二,將翻譯等值論與翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換理論靜動結(jié)合,同時應(yīng)用于中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯中。第三,通過翻譯轉(zhuǎn)換的具體應(yīng)用將意譯方法具體化,為中醫(yī)術(shù)語翻譯方法提供可靠的參考依據(jù)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Chinese medicine is one of the splendid traditional culture Chinese, an indispensable part of Chinese culture, it is a course involving human physiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of TCM science. For the people's health level, and the national medicine thriving and prosperous world of the rich and made great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine in the. People's daily life and health, health care, disease prevention and treatment effect significantly, relative to western medicine, western medicine against the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine therapy, the side effect is small and simple inexpensive test to make it more and more attention by the medical profession in the world. Along with the economic globalization, especially the emergence of the internationalization of higher education and the development of Southeast Asia and Europe and other countries "of Chinese medicine", more and more foreign people come to study Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine China but influenced by the traditional culture of Chinese, the term is the one and only the characteristics of foreign people That is a kind of culture, there is the difficulty of learning. In order to study Chinese medicine, many experts in a long historical period, and scholars have done a lot of work in the translation and dissemination of Chinese medicine. But the theory of TCM translation work there are still some mistranslations in want of perfection, and the long term It is often seen. the translation is not uniform. This phenomenon is mainly due to the lack of effective and authoritative Chinese translation theories and principles, as well as the lack of the translator in the language and medical theory knowledge. In TCM translation difficulty, largely due to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and Western Medicine theory in language "level" (grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation form, etc.) and "rank" (grammatical structure, sentences, phrases, words, morphemes, etc.) of any point of intersection to establish equivalence, great differences exist in the West and in culture, the The theory of traditional Chinese medicine translation is very difficult. Carter Fuld respectively from the four basic levels of language, the five basic steps into a language system, touch the essence of language translation study, analysis of the influence of language unit of translation equivalence variables, summed up the set of relatively complete translation theory, so as to make the translation research more objective and scientific. With the continuous development of the domestic and foreign language translation theory and mature, more and more scholars have advanced translation theory applied to TCM translation work. However, these researchers can be divided into two factions, one part is the choice of pure static translation mode, too much emphasis on the translation and the original term full correspondence in meaning. The other part is the dynamic translation mode choice and adaptation to guide the English translation of traditional Chinese medicine, there are few "static" and "dynamic" combine systematically from translation equivalence and translation transformation Two the theory of flexible use in TCM translation practice. The author from the perspective of translation equivalence, and strive to scientific explanation of translators in the translation process, Carter how to realize the language "level" and "rank" translation equivalence, and an example analysis of English language in the language of Chinese and Western medicine to "rank" to achieve equivalence, equivalence reproduction of the original content, make the translation and the original as much as possible to achieve equivalence in translation. In the translation equivalence and translation based on a combination of some guiding principles and methods of traditional Chinese medicine terminology translation. This paper uses qualitative research methods to study the following two aspects: first, analysis of the corpus, this paper selected three < Neijing > English version of Li Zhaoguo's version, Weiss's Version (Veith), Wu Liansheng and Wu Qi's translation as the research object and other traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine terminology masterpiece translation dictionary, According to the two aspects of Carter Fuld equivalence translation theory language "level" and "rank" from the text selected the typical English translation of TCM terminology, and examples of analysis of how the translation to achieve equivalence in translation and translation. Second, selection of translation equivalence cannot achieve translation equivalence of information terms and sentences from the text. And actively explore the corresponding dynamic translation, such as the hierarchical category conversion and conversion, and puts forward the appropriate translation methods of terminology translation of TCM theory. This paper consists of five parts: the first chapter is the preface, introduces the research background, purpose, significance and the overall structure of the second chapter. The part of literature review. In this part, firstly introduces the definition and terminology of Chinese medicine TCM characteristics, briefly analyzes the main problems existing in the translation of TCM terms, It also reviews the research situation at home and abroad famous translators from different angles on the translation work made. The third part is the theoretical part of this paper. This chapter from the translation equivalence and translation in two aspects introduced Carter Fuld translation theory and its theoretical essence, classification and translation. The fourth chapter briefly introduces Catford to Carter Ford practical translation theory analysis part, the author from the two dimensions of translation equivalence and translation theory, to analysis how the card's translation theory to the translation of TCM terms. Then Carter Ford translation theory visual angle, put forward the translation of TCM terms guiding principles, namely simplicity, nature, culture, and consistency scientific. Finally, the author combines translation equivalence in translation theory, put forward eight kinds of TCM terminology translation strategies: transliteration, literal translation, borrowing, morpheme translation and literal, audio Translation, morpheme translation combined respectively, finally in the translation under the guidance of the theory of TCM terminology translation translation methods. The fifth chapter is the conclusion part of this paper. Firstly, the author summarized and summed up in this paper, the study found, then points out the defects of the existing and shortcomings, and puts forward some suggestions for further research on this topic the innovation of this research lies in: first, the translation theory applied to the study of Carter's translation of TCM terms, and to "Neijing > and TCM terminology dictionary as a corpus. Second, the translation will be combined with static and dynamic equivalence and translation theory, and applied to the translation of TCM terms. By third. The specific application of translation translation methods will be specific, to provide a reliable reference and standard for TCM terminology translation method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：H315.9

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