【摘要】：對(duì)俄語語法范疇的分析研究,特別是對(duì)數(shù)范疇的研究,是現(xiàn)代俄語研究者積極研究的重要課題之一。之所以存在如此強(qiáng)烈的研究興趣與數(shù)范疇本身的特性密切相關(guān)：它是受詞匯意義制約的語法范疇,其語義內(nèi)容不僅僅依賴于范疇特性,同時(shí)還受名詞詞匯特點(diǎn)的影響。 本論文研究的對(duì)象是萊蒙托夫作品中帶完整數(shù)形式聚合體的具體名詞和帶潛在完整數(shù)形式聚合體的物質(zhì)和抽象名詞。旨在確定帶完整數(shù)形式聚合體(具體名詞)和潛在完整數(shù)形式聚合體名詞(物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞)數(shù)范疇的主要功能特點(diǎn)。 名詞數(shù)范疇的基本意義是“單個(gè)--多個(gè)”,但在現(xiàn)實(shí)應(yīng)用中數(shù)形式表現(xiàn)出不同的語義內(nèi)容,因?yàn)樗哂卸鄠�(gè)具體語義。比如,除了表“單個(gè)—多個(gè)”意義之外,單數(shù)形式擁有的部分典型語義：綜合概括意義、分配意義；復(fù)數(shù)形式擁有的部分典型語義：概括意義、整體組合意義、表現(xiàn)修辭意義、夸張意義。 在語言學(xué)中并不研究名詞所有次類的數(shù)范疇功能特點(diǎn),而是著重研究傳統(tǒng)中只擁有單數(shù)形式的名詞。在現(xiàn)實(shí)語言運(yùn)用中,我們常常發(fā)現(xiàn)那些語法上規(guī)定沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式的物質(zhì)、抽象名詞擁有復(fù)數(shù)形式,使得這些詞很難成為該次類的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。比如,物質(zhì)名詞具體化后有一些語義變化,大致可以分為以下四種典型語義：表物質(zhì)的種類、物質(zhì)的份數(shù)、物質(zhì)的制成品以及大面積該種物質(zhì)的聚集。而抽象名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式擁有以下幾種典型語義：具體化、事實(shí)化、延長性、持久性、重復(fù)性和強(qiáng)度性。 名詞數(shù)形式聚合體含有一些固定的變化,這些變化導(dǎo)致了新語言規(guī)范的出現(xiàn)。在現(xiàn)代俄語中存在著一種穩(wěn)定的趨勢：傳統(tǒng)只有單數(shù)形式的名詞開始有單復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)形式。這種趨勢在物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞中表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯。俄語名詞數(shù)范疇是在語言中所發(fā)生的形態(tài)語義變化的明確證明。
[Abstract]:The analysis of Russian grammatical category, especially the logarithmic category, is one of the most important topics for modern Russian researchers. The existence of such a strong interest is closely related to the characteristics of the category of numbers: it is a grammatical category restricted by lexical meaning, and its semantic content depends not only on the category characteristics, but also on the lexical characteristics of nouns. The object of this thesis is Lemontov's works of concrete nouns with complete forms of aggregates and materials and abstract nouns with potentially complete forms of aggregates. The purpose of this paper is to determine the main functional characteristics of the categories of aggregates (concrete nouns) with complete number forms (concrete nouns) and nouns (material nouns, abstract nouns) with potentially complete forms of numbers. The basic meaning of the category of noun number is "single-multiple", but in practical application, the form of number shows different semantic content, because it has many concrete semantics. For example, in addition to the "single-multiple" meaning of the table, the singular form has some typical semantics: synthesis of general meaning, distribution of meaning; Part of the typical semantics of the plural form: general meaning, integrated meaning, rhetorical meaning, hyperbole meaning. In linguistics, we do not study the functional characteristics of the number categories of all subcategories of nouns, but focus on the study of nouns which have only singular forms in the tradition. In the application of real language, we often find that there are no plural forms of matter in grammar, and abstract nouns have plural forms, which makes it difficult for these words to be the criteria for judging the subclass. For example, there are some semantic changes after the materialization of material nouns, which can be roughly divided into the following four typical semantics: the category of the material, the number of the material, the finished product of the substance and the aggregation of the material in a large area. The plural form of abstract nouns has the following typical semantics: concretization, factualization, prolongation, persistence, repeatability and intensity. Noun-number aggregates contain fixed changes that lead to the emergence of new language norms. There is a stable trend in modern Russian: traditional singular forms of nouns begin to have the form of single multiplicative correspondence. This trend is particularly evident in material nouns and abstract nouns. The category of Russian nouns is a clear proof of the morphological and semantic changes that take place in language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H35

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 伍鐵平;論俄語名詞數(shù)的范疇(上)[J];中國俄語教學(xué);1983年01期

2 伍鐵平;論俄語名詞數(shù)的范疇(下)[J];中國俄語教學(xué);1983年02期

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本文編號(hào)：2349517