【摘要】：光合效率是影響水稻產(chǎn)量的主要因素。提高水稻的光合效率是選育新品種的首要目標之一。因此,為了實現(xiàn)水稻的超高產(chǎn),應根據(jù)水稻的光合生理特征,增加水稻對光能的利用率。本研究內(nèi)容主要分為四個實驗階段:第一階段通過徒手切片篩選T-DNA標簽水稻的類花環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)突變體,找到水稻類花環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)突變體,得到的水稻類花環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)突變體通過石蠟切片進行再次確認。第二階段是對得到的水稻類花環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)突變體進行生理指標的比較,包括株高、穗長、千粒重的比較等。第三個階段是對水稻類花環(huán)狀結(jié)構(gòu)突變體進行光合參數(shù)的測定,通過光合參數(shù)的比較分析得出該性狀是否對光合有所影響。第四階段則是對獲得到的突變體進行插入位點側(cè)翼序列分析。實驗結(jié)果表明:通過篩選獲得了水稻葉片小脈數(shù)增多、小脈數(shù)減少、維管束鞘細胞增多、維管束鞘細胞減少、泡狀細胞增多等類型突變體,共獲得了43突變體。對突變體的生理指標參數(shù)和光合參數(shù)進行進一步的研究與分析,表明水稻葉片的小脈數(shù)增多和維管束鞘細胞的增多對水稻的光合效率提高具有一定的影響,而其余的幾種類型并沒有顯著的影響。對這五種突變體類型進行DNA提取,通過Tail-PCR分析,各得到一株葉片小脈數(shù)增多和維管束鞘細胞增多的突變體植株的側(cè)翼序列,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者都插入到4號染色體上。
[Abstract]:Photosynthetic efficiency is the main factor affecting rice yield. Improving the photosynthetic efficiency of rice is one of the primary goals of breeding new varieties. Therefore, in order to achieve super high yield of rice, the utilization rate of light energy should be increased according to the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of rice. This study was divided into four experimental stages: in the first stage, the rosette like mutants of T-DNA tagged rice were screened by freehand sections, and the rosette like mutants were found. The obtained rice rosette-like mutant was reconfirmed by paraffin section. The second stage was to compare the physiological indexes of the rice rosette-like mutants, including plant height, ear length and 1000-grain weight. The third stage is to determine the photosynthetic parameters of rice rosette-like mutants, and to find out whether the characters have an effect on photosynthesis through the comparative analysis of photosynthetic parameters. The fourth stage is the flanking sequence analysis of the insertion site of the obtained mutants. The results showed that the number of small veins in rice leaves increased, the number of small veins decreased, the number of vascular bundle sheath cells increased, the number of vascular bundle sheath cells decreased, and the number of vesicular cells increased. A total of 43 mutants were obtained. The physiological parameters and photosynthetic parameters of the mutant were further studied and analyzed. The results showed that the increase of the number of small veins in rice leaves and the increase of vascular bundle sheath cells had a certain effect on the increase of photosynthetic efficiency of rice. The other types had no significant effect. The five mutants were extracted by DNA. By Tail-PCR analysis, the flanking sequences of one mutant with increased number of small veins in leaves and more vascular bundle sheath cells were obtained. The results showed that both of them were inserted into chromosome 4.
【學位授予單位】：河北科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S511

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