金洞林場閩楠人工林目標樹密度及生長特征研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-01 17:03
【摘要】：閩楠(Phoebe bournei),為樟科常綠大喬木,是國家二級重點保護樹種,閩楠的天然分布稀少,作為珍貴的用材林樹種和園林綠化的理想樹種,加強對閩楠經(jīng)營的研究顯得尤為重要。目前,近自然經(jīng)營是森林經(jīng)營的研究熱點,而“目標樹作業(yè)體系”是以單株林木為對象而進行的一種近自然森林經(jīng)營作業(yè)體系。目標樹密度與生長特征的研究是目標樹經(jīng)營中的關(guān)鍵所在。本研究以金洞林場閩楠人工林中的中齡林為研究對象,利用閩楠中齡林3塊樣地的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),基于胸徑加權(quán)Voronoi圖構(gòu)建林木空間結(jié)構(gòu)單元,對調(diào)查樣地林木W(wǎng)_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)與大小比數(shù)進行分析,之后對備選目標樹的W_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)與大小比數(shù)劃分等級,篩選出最終目標樹,最后根據(jù)篩選出的最終目標樹對閩楠人工林目標樹生長特征進行研究,為閩楠大徑材作業(yè)法全周期經(jīng)營培育過程的制定提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)論分述如下:(1)金洞林場閩楠人工林林木競爭指數(shù)與大小比數(shù)分析。本文以金洞林場閩楠人工林為研究對象,分別基于4株木法、常規(guī)Voronoi圖和加權(quán)Voronoi圖對研究樣地內(nèi)所有林木的競爭指數(shù)與大小比數(shù)進行計算并對比分析,競爭指數(shù)分別表述為Hegyi、V_Hegyi、W_V_Hegyi。結(jié)果表明:基于加權(quán)Voronoi圖和常規(guī)Vornoi圖計算的競爭指數(shù)、大小比數(shù)均呈現(xiàn)極顯著相關(guān),說明基于加權(quán)Voronoi圖計算的空間結(jié)構(gòu)指數(shù)同樣為描述空間結(jié)構(gòu)的有效指數(shù)。通過分析Hegyi、V_Hegyi和W_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)與胸徑的相關(guān)性并對三種競爭指數(shù)和胸徑進行曲線擬合可知,W_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)能夠更好地反應(yīng)競爭指數(shù)與林木胸徑的關(guān)系且用胸徑倒數(shù)作為權(quán)重進行加權(quán)具有合理性。通過對三塊樣地的W_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)和大小比數(shù)分析可知:林分中閩楠競爭程度呈現(xiàn)較大的差異,閩楠在競爭中處于優(yōu)勢地位。閩楠的平均大小比數(shù)和全林分的平均大小比數(shù)最為接近,因此,可以用林分優(yōu)勢樹種閩楠的胸徑大小比數(shù)來衡量整個林分中林木的大小分化情況。3塊樣地平均大小比數(shù)均小于0.5,表明林分處于競爭較為激烈狀態(tài),符合林分現(xiàn)狀,林分處于質(zhì)量選擇階段。(2)金洞林場閩楠人工林近自然經(jīng)營中目標樹密度研究。以胸徑加權(quán)Voronoi圖確定的空間結(jié)構(gòu)單元為基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)備選目標樹競爭單元的實際情況和W_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)與大小比數(shù)的變化范圍,對備選目標樹的W_V_Hegyi競爭指數(shù)和大小比數(shù)進行等級劃分,劃分為3個等級。根據(jù)劃分的等級,通過篩選,3塊樣地最終確定的目標樹株數(shù)分別為8株、10株、9株。即單位面積最終目標樹密度分別為120株/hm2、150株/hm2、135株/hm2。由此得到金洞林場閩楠人工林現(xiàn)階段平均單位面積的目標樹密度為135株/hm2。(3)金洞林場閩楠人工林目標樹生長特征研究。選擇具有代表性的最終目標樹進行樹干解析,結(jié)果表明:閩楠人工林目標樹胸徑在第22年左右出現(xiàn)此時連年生長量與平均生長量相交,胸徑速生期為前12年。閩楠人工林目標樹樹高連年生長量與平均生長量在第20年時相交,在12年以前,是閩楠樹高生長的速生期。在25年時,閩楠人工林目標樹材積連年生長量與平均生長量并未相交且未達到最大值,仍有上升之勢。通過對胸徑、樹高、材積生長模型的擬合,得到金洞林場閩楠目標樹胸徑、樹高、材積最適生長模型分別為:D=31.161×(1-exp(-0.037×t))^1.430;H=26.213×(1-exp(-0.038×t))^1.225;V=0.654×(1-exp(-0.048×t))^4.143,對模型適用性檢驗,可知閩楠目標樹的生長模型的精度都大于95%,說明擬合得到的這些模型能較準確地估算出閩楠的胸徑、樹高和材積,在生產(chǎn)實踐中具有比較重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Phoebe bournei, a large tree of evergreen camphos, is a major tree of evergreen camphos. It is the two key conservation tree species in the country. The natural distribution of Phoebe is rare. As a precious timber tree species and ideal tree species for garden greening, it is very important to strengthen the research on the management of Phoebe. At present, the near natural camp is a hot spot of forest management, and "the target tree operation body". The research on the density and growth characteristics of the target tree is the key to the management of the target tree. In this study, the middle age forest in the Southern Min Nan artificial forest of Jin Dong forest farm is the research object, and the data of 3 plots in the middle age forest of the southern Fujian are based on the weighted Vor of the diameter of the chest. The spatial structure unit of the forest tree was constructed by the onoi map. The W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the sample plots were analyzed. Then the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree were graded, and the final target tree was screened. Finally, the growth characteristics of the target tree of the southern Fujian artificial forest were studied according to the final target tree selected. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) analysis of the competition index and size ratio of Min Nan artificial forest plantation in Jin Dong forest farm. This paper is based on 4 wood methods, conventional Voronoi maps and weighted Vorono The I map calculates and compares the competition index and the size ratio of all trees in the sample plots. The competition index is expressed as Hegyi, V_Hegyi, and W_V_Hegyi., respectively. The results show that the competition index based on the weighted Voronoi diagram and the conventional Vornoi diagram has a very significant correlation with the size ratio, indicating the space based on the weighted Voronoi graph. The structure index is also an effective index to describe the spatial structure. By analyzing the correlation between the Hegyi and the V_Hegyi and W_V_Hegyi competition index and the diameter of the chest and fitting the three competition indices and the DBH, the W_V_Hegyi competition index can better reflect the relationship between the competition index and the chest diameter of the forest and use the inverse of the DBH as the weight. According to the analysis of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the three plots, it is found that the competition degree of the Min Nan in the stand is quite different, and the southern Fujian is in the dominant position in the competition. The average size ratio of the Min Nan and the average size ratio of the total stand are the closest. The size ratio of the diameter of the DBH measured the size differentiation of the trees in the whole forest. The average size ratio of.3 plots was less than 0.5, indicating that the stand was in a more competitive state, in line with the status of the stand, the stand was in the stage of quality selection. (2) the study on the density of the target tree in the near natural management of Phoebe forest plantation in the gold cave forest farm. The weighted Voronoi diagram of the breast diameter was taken. Based on the determined spatial structure unit, according to the actual situation of the competitive target tree competition unit and the range of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio, the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree are graded and divided into 3 grades. According to the grade, the final target of the 3 sample plots is selected. The number of target trees were 8, 10 and 9, that is, the ultimate target tree density of the unit area was 120 /hm2150 strains of /hm2135 strain /hm2., thus the target tree density of the average unit area of Min Nan artificial forest at the golden cave forest farm was obtained at the present stage of 135 /hm2. (3) gold cave forest farm. The final target tree is a tree trunk analysis. The results show that the diameter of the target tree of the Min Nan artificial forest occurs at about twenty-second years and the annual growth is intersected with the average growth. The rapid growth period of the DBH is the first 12 years. The high annual growth of the target tree tree of Min Nan artificial forest intersects with the average growth in twentieth years. Before 12 years, it is the rapid growth of the high growth of Phoebe. In the 25 year period, the annual growth of the target tree volume was not intersected with the average growth, and it still had a rising trend. By fitting the DBH, tree height and volume growth model, the optimum growth model of the target tree in the golden cave forest farm was D=31.161 * (1-exp (-0.037 x t)) ^1.430, respectively. H=26.213 * (1-exp (-0.038 x T)) ^1.225; V=0.654 x (1-exp (-0.048 x T)) ^4.143. The accuracy of the model of the target tree of Min Nan is more than 95%. It shows that these models can accurately estimate the chest diameter, tree height and volume of Phoebe min, which is of great significance in the production practice.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S792.24
，
本文編號：2158246
[Abstract]:Phoebe bournei, a large tree of evergreen camphos, is a major tree of evergreen camphos. It is the two key conservation tree species in the country. The natural distribution of Phoebe is rare. As a precious timber tree species and ideal tree species for garden greening, it is very important to strengthen the research on the management of Phoebe. At present, the near natural camp is a hot spot of forest management, and "the target tree operation body". The research on the density and growth characteristics of the target tree is the key to the management of the target tree. In this study, the middle age forest in the Southern Min Nan artificial forest of Jin Dong forest farm is the research object, and the data of 3 plots in the middle age forest of the southern Fujian are based on the weighted Vor of the diameter of the chest. The spatial structure unit of the forest tree was constructed by the onoi map. The W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the sample plots were analyzed. Then the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree were graded, and the final target tree was screened. Finally, the growth characteristics of the target tree of the southern Fujian artificial forest were studied according to the final target tree selected. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) analysis of the competition index and size ratio of Min Nan artificial forest plantation in Jin Dong forest farm. This paper is based on 4 wood methods, conventional Voronoi maps and weighted Vorono The I map calculates and compares the competition index and the size ratio of all trees in the sample plots. The competition index is expressed as Hegyi, V_Hegyi, and W_V_Hegyi., respectively. The results show that the competition index based on the weighted Voronoi diagram and the conventional Vornoi diagram has a very significant correlation with the size ratio, indicating the space based on the weighted Voronoi graph. The structure index is also an effective index to describe the spatial structure. By analyzing the correlation between the Hegyi and the V_Hegyi and W_V_Hegyi competition index and the diameter of the chest and fitting the three competition indices and the DBH, the W_V_Hegyi competition index can better reflect the relationship between the competition index and the chest diameter of the forest and use the inverse of the DBH as the weight. According to the analysis of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the three plots, it is found that the competition degree of the Min Nan in the stand is quite different, and the southern Fujian is in the dominant position in the competition. The average size ratio of the Min Nan and the average size ratio of the total stand are the closest. The size ratio of the diameter of the DBH measured the size differentiation of the trees in the whole forest. The average size ratio of.3 plots was less than 0.5, indicating that the stand was in a more competitive state, in line with the status of the stand, the stand was in the stage of quality selection. (2) the study on the density of the target tree in the near natural management of Phoebe forest plantation in the gold cave forest farm. The weighted Voronoi diagram of the breast diameter was taken. Based on the determined spatial structure unit, according to the actual situation of the competitive target tree competition unit and the range of the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio, the W_V_Hegyi competition index and the size ratio of the selected target tree are graded and divided into 3 grades. According to the grade, the final target of the 3 sample plots is selected. The number of target trees were 8, 10 and 9, that is, the ultimate target tree density of the unit area was 120 /hm2150 strains of /hm2135 strain /hm2., thus the target tree density of the average unit area of Min Nan artificial forest at the golden cave forest farm was obtained at the present stage of 135 /hm2. (3) gold cave forest farm. The final target tree is a tree trunk analysis. The results show that the diameter of the target tree of the Min Nan artificial forest occurs at about twenty-second years and the annual growth is intersected with the average growth. The rapid growth period of the DBH is the first 12 years. The high annual growth of the target tree tree of Min Nan artificial forest intersects with the average growth in twentieth years. Before 12 years, it is the rapid growth of the high growth of Phoebe. In the 25 year period, the annual growth of the target tree volume was not intersected with the average growth, and it still had a rising trend. By fitting the DBH, tree height and volume growth model, the optimum growth model of the target tree in the golden cave forest farm was D=31.161 * (1-exp (-0.037 x t)) ^1.430, respectively. H=26.213 * (1-exp (-0.038 x T)) ^1.225; V=0.654 x (1-exp (-0.048 x T)) ^4.143. The accuracy of the model of the target tree of Min Nan is more than 95%. It shows that these models can accurately estimate the chest diameter, tree height and volume of Phoebe min, which is of great significance in the production practice.
【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S792.24
，
本文編號：2158246
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