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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：黃淮海平原耕地多功能效應(yīng)及保護補償研究　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 耕地多功能 耕地功能效應(yīng) 耕地保護補償 黃淮海平原

【摘要】：耕地作為陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,它不僅是生產(chǎn)資源,也是重要的生態(tài)和社會資源。隨著快速城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展、生態(tài)環(huán)境問題凸顯,以及可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念的提出,耕地多功能效應(yīng)越來越引起廣泛關(guān)注和認可。而正確認識、科學(xué)評價耕地功能效應(yīng)及其價值,對于促進耕地多功能利用,發(fā)揮耕地多功能綜合效應(yīng),實現(xiàn)耕地保護有重要意義。本文首先從耕地利用和耕地功能需求角度出發(fā),構(gòu)建了耕地多功能研究理論框架；然后,通過建立較高層級耕地功能與系統(tǒng)輸出對應(yīng)關(guān)系,從投入-產(chǎn)出角度進行了耕地功能運行效應(yīng)綜合評價；并重點研究了黃淮海平原耕地生產(chǎn)、固碳和水源涵養(yǎng)三大功能的層次性及其效應(yīng)；最后,提出基于功能效應(yīng)的耕地保護補償新思路。研究主要結(jié)論如下：(1)耕地多功能客觀存在,且主要通過需求來顯化。傳統(tǒng)耕地全功能研究,耕地功能主次不清,各種功能間復(fù)雜關(guān)系難以理清,從耕地功能需求角度研究耕地多功能,顯化符合區(qū)域需求目標的主導(dǎo)功能,更有助于發(fā)揮耕地關(guān)鍵功能綜合效益,促進耕地多功能利用和保護。(2)耕地多功能效應(yīng)綜合評估結(jié)果顯示,2000-2012年,黃淮海平原耕地利用系統(tǒng)功能運行產(chǎn)出率、功能效應(yīng)密度不斷提高,耕地利用系統(tǒng)基本處于可持續(xù)狀態(tài)。而系統(tǒng)輔助能投入過快增長,系統(tǒng)功能運行環(huán)境負載率不斷增加,導(dǎo)致耕地利用系統(tǒng)對環(huán)境壓力越來越大,直接或通過產(chǎn)生負外部效應(yīng)而間接影響系統(tǒng)各項功能運行。直接證實了耕地多功能研究應(yīng)從耕地利用視角展開。(3)利用視角下黃淮海平原耕地三大功能研究表明,不同層次下耕地各功能效應(yīng)差異較大,而具體到研究區(qū)內(nèi)部,且表現(xiàn)出明顯空間分異性。通過耕地功能層次分析,不僅耕地功能認識更加清晰,功能效應(yīng)提升途徑也更加明確。各層級耕地生產(chǎn)、固碳、水源涵養(yǎng)功能中,耕地現(xiàn)實生產(chǎn)能力、耕地現(xiàn)實固碳能力和耕地有效水源涵養(yǎng)能力才是對農(nóng)民生活保障、國家糧食安全、緩解氣候變化、耕地水資源調(diào)控、耕地保護補償有現(xiàn)實意義的功能。各功能分別可以通過進行中低產(chǎn)田改造、實施生態(tài)化土地利用以及減少降水徑流形成等途徑實現(xiàn)提升。(4)基于利用和需求視角下構(gòu)建的耕地多功能研究框架,本研究提出,耕地保護補償研究應(yīng)充分考慮區(qū)域耕地功能需求和各功能效應(yīng)實際發(fā)揮狀況,既不忽視耕地非生產(chǎn)功能價值,也不過分夸大其功能效益。推動耕地保護同時促進滿足人類當(dāng)前需求的耕地多功能綜合效益發(fā)揮。
[Abstract]:As an important part of terrestrial ecosystem, cultivated land is not only a productive resource, but also an important ecological and social resource. As well as the concept of sustainable development, the multi-function effect of cultivated land has attracted more and more attention and recognition. And the correct understanding, the scientific evaluation of the function effect and its value of cultivated land, will promote the multifunctional utilization of cultivated land. It is of great significance to give full play to the multi-functional comprehensive effect of cultivated land and to realize the protection of cultivated land. Firstly, from the angle of cultivated land utilization and functional demand of cultivated land, this paper constructs a theoretical framework for the study of multi-function of cultivated land. Then, by establishing the corresponding relationship between the higher level cultivated land function and the output of the system, the comprehensive evaluation of the cultivated land function operation effect is made from the angle of input-output. The three functions of cultivated land production, carbon sequestration and water conservation in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain were studied in detail. Finally, a new idea of cultivated land protection and compensation based on functional effect is put forward. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) the multi-function of cultivated land exists objectively, and it is mainly manifested by demand. The main and secondary functions of cultivated land are not clear, the complex relationship between various functions is difficult to be clarified, from the point of view of functional demand of cultivated land to study the multi-function of cultivated land, manifest the dominant function in line with the regional demand objectives. It is helpful to give full play to the comprehensive benefits of the key functions of cultivated land, and to promote the multifunctional utilization and protection of cultivated land. 2) the results of comprehensive evaluation of the multifunctional effects of cultivated land show that the results are from 2000 to 2012. The cultivated land use system in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is in a sustainable state and the system auxiliary energy input is increasing too fast. The functional output rate and the density of the function effect of the cultivated land use system are increasing continuously and the cultivated land use system is in a sustainable state. The load rate of system function running environment is increasing, which leads to more and more pressure on the environment of cultivated land utilization system. It directly or indirectly influences the function of the system through the negative external effect, which directly proves that the research on the multifunction of cultivated land should be carried out from the perspective of cultivated land utilization. The three functions of cultivated land in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain were studied from the angle of view. The functional effects of cultivated land under different levels are quite different, but specific to the study area, and show obvious spatial differentiation. Through the functional hierarchy analysis of cultivated land, not only the understanding of cultivated land function is more clear. The ways to improve the function effect are also more clear. In the function of cultivated land production, carbon sequestration and water conservation, the actual production capacity of cultivated land is more clear. The realistic carbon sequestration capacity of cultivated land and the capacity of effective water conservation of cultivated land are the guarantee of farmers' life, the national food security, the mitigation of climate change, and the regulation of cultivated land water resources. The function of cultivated land protection and compensation has practical significance. Each function can be reformed by middle and low yield farmland respectively. Implement ecological land use and reduce precipitation runoff formation to achieve upgrading. 4) based on the perspective of utilization and demand to build a multi-functional research framework of arable land, this study proposed. The study of cultivated land protection and compensation should fully consider the functional demand of regional cultivated land and the actual exertion of each functional effect, and neither ignore the non-productive value of cultivated land. It is not to exaggerate its function benefit, promote cultivated land protection and promote the comprehensive benefit of cultivated land which meets the current needs of human being.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F323.211

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