本文選題：動(dòng)邊界 + 多體分離�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：流體力學(xué)中大量問(wèn)題涉及到動(dòng)邊界,對(duì)這類問(wèn)題的研究有很重要的理論和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。超聲速流中剛體系統(tǒng)的分離運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅存在動(dòng)邊界,還涉及到激波、湍流等多物理過(guò)程相互作用,是一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的課題。本文以大型復(fù)雜航天器隕落再入過(guò)程中的軌道預(yù)測(cè)和落點(diǎn)控制為研究背景,經(jīng)過(guò)合理簡(jiǎn)化,研究了超聲速流中自由剛體系統(tǒng)和繩系剛體系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)分離過(guò)程。軟件方面,首先開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)六自由度剛體求解器,剛體姿態(tài)使用四元數(shù)描述,旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)使用四階Runge-Kutta法數(shù)值求解。通過(guò)實(shí)時(shí)操作剛體表面三角形網(wǎng)格,它能夠處理復(fù)雜形狀的剛體,且具備使剛體發(fā)生主動(dòng)變形的能力。然后使用松耦合算法,將它與開(kāi)源軟件包VTF中的流體求解器耦合,流體求解器傳遞邊界壓力信息給剛體求解器,剛體求解器傳遞表面網(wǎng)格節(jié)點(diǎn)位置和速度信息給流體求解器,采用level-set配合ghost-fluid方法施加內(nèi)置邊界條件。最終,得到了一個(gè)可用于模擬三維動(dòng)邊界問(wèn)題的并行自適應(yīng)流固耦合求解器。通過(guò)一系列數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了程序的可靠性。自由剛體系統(tǒng)方面,模擬了不同構(gòu)型的系統(tǒng)在四馬赫的超聲速流中的分離運(yùn)動(dòng)。著重研究了剛體的側(cè)向速度和流向速度與剛體的質(zhì)量比、初始間距和旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的關(guān)系。通過(guò)定性和定量分析,加深了對(duì)自由剛體系統(tǒng)分離運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程的理解。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),剛體的側(cè)向分離速度在其沿激波以類似“沖浪”的形式運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)達(dá)到最大。給定質(zhì)量比,則存在特定的初始間距,或給定初始間距,則存在特定質(zhì)量比使剛體沿激波運(yùn)動(dòng)。剛體的形狀會(huì)影響物體的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng),旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)又會(huì)進(jìn)一步增大“沖浪”運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的側(cè)向速度。研究結(jié)果還發(fā)現(xiàn),在再入隕落飛行器返回地球時(shí),對(duì)稱性更好的內(nèi)部組件的會(huì)使其散布范圍更小繩系剛體系統(tǒng)方面,模擬了不同構(gòu)型的繩系系統(tǒng)在四馬赫的超聲速流中的分離運(yùn)動(dòng)。著重研究了系統(tǒng)質(zhì)心和較大剛體的流向速度以及系統(tǒng)的散布度與剛體的質(zhì)量比、繩系長(zhǎng)度的關(guān)系。通過(guò)定性和定量分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)繩子的存在首先能有效減小剛體系的散布范圍,其次也會(huì)改變系統(tǒng)質(zhì)心的流向速度。系統(tǒng)質(zhì)心的流向速度增大或減小與剛體質(zhì)量比有關(guān)。對(duì)于由相同部件構(gòu)成的剛體系統(tǒng),繩子的出現(xiàn)會(huì)使系統(tǒng)受到更小的阻力。與此相反,對(duì)于由不同部件構(gòu)成的隕落剛體,繩子的出現(xiàn)會(huì)增大系統(tǒng)的阻力。
[Abstract]:A large number of problems in fluid mechanics involve moving boundaries, so the study of these problems is of great theoretical and practical value.The separation motion of rigid body system in supersonic flow not only has moving boundary, but also involves the interaction of shock wave and turbulence, which is a challenging subject.In this paper, the dynamic separation process of free rigid body system and rope rigid body system in supersonic flow is studied with the background of orbit prediction and landing point control in the process of falling and reentry of large and complex spacecraft. After reasonable simplification, the dynamic separation process of the free rigid body system and the rope rigid body system in supersonic flow is studied.In software, a six-degree-of-freedom rigid body solver is developed. The rigid body attitude is described by quaternion, and the rotation motion is numerically solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.By manipulating triangular mesh on the surface of rigid body in real time, it can deal with rigid body with complex shape and has the ability to make rigid body deform actively.Then it is coupled with the fluid solver in open source software package VTF. The fluid solver transfers boundary pressure information to the rigid body solver, and the rigid body solver transfers the surface grid node position and velocity information to the fluid solver.Level-set and ghost-fluid method are used to apply the inner boundary condition.Finally, a parallel adaptive fluid-solid coupling solver can be used to simulate 3D moving boundary problems.The reliability of the program is verified by a series of numerical experiments.In the case of free rigid body system, the separation motion of the system with different configurations in four Mach supersonic flow is simulated.The relationship between lateral velocity and flow velocity of rigid body and mass ratio of rigid body, initial distance and rotation motion are studied.Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the process of separating motion of free rigid body system is further understood.The results show that the lateral separation velocity of rigid body reaches the maximum when it moves along the shock wave in the form of "surfing".Given the mass ratio, there is a specific initial distance or a given initial distance, so that the rigid body moves along the shock wave.The shape of the rigid body will affect the rotation of the object, and the rotation will further increase the lateral velocity generated by the "surfing" movement.The study also found that, when the reentry craft returns to Earth, more symmetrical internal components will make it spread out in a smaller rope-based rigid body system.The separation motion of rope system with different configurations in four Mach supersonic flow is simulated.The relationship between the velocity of flow direction of the system centroid and the large rigid body, the dispersion degree of the system and the mass ratio of the rigid body and the length of the rope system is studied emphatically.Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, it is found that the existence of rope can reduce the dispersion range of rigid system effectively, and change the velocity of flow direction of system centroid.The increase or decrease of the flow velocity of the mass center of the system is related to the mass ratio of the rigid body.For rigid body systems with the same components, the presence of rope makes the system less resistant.In contrast, for a falling rigid body made up of different components, the appearance of the rope increases the resistance of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：O35

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