本文選題：北朝 + 九品中正制��； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：九品中正制度是魏晉南北朝時(shí)期重要的人才選拔制度,北朝的九品中正制度相對(duì)于魏晉南朝而言,有其獨(dú)特的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)和歷史過(guò)程,在北朝的歷史進(jìn)程中扮演著重要的角色。本文以北朝九品中正制度為切入點(diǎn),從中正本官官品與任職中正關(guān)系、中正組織結(jié)構(gòu)、郡望與中正任職聯(lián)系、邑中正等方面對(duì)北朝九品中正制度的發(fā)展進(jìn)行考察,試探討北朝九品中正制度的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)及特殊性。本文首先從中正本官官職入手,探討了中正本官官品與中正任職之“大中正”和“中正”的關(guān)系。通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)和量化分析,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)北朝稱“州大中正”或“州中正”是與中正本官官品有一定聯(lián)系。在州一級(jí)中央中正方面,屬于京畿的司州中正,當(dāng)本官官品達(dá)到第二品以上,則稱大中正。地方州官品達(dá)到第三品(包含從三品)以上,稱“某州大中正”,否則只稱“某州中正”。此外,北齊完全承襲東魏和北魏,中正幾乎均以中央官員擔(dān)任。而北周則打破了北魏中正以中央官員任職的傳統(tǒng),大量任命地方郡守、軍事統(tǒng)帥為地方中正,這種做法,一定程度上是與當(dāng)時(shí)實(shí)行府兵制度,利用地方豪族選用人才分不開(kāi)的。其次關(guān)于北朝的中正組織結(jié)構(gòu),探討了相關(guān)的三個(gè)問(wèn)題。第一、北魏的中正制度不是一蹴而就的,伴隨著疆域的不斷擴(kuò)張,北魏的中正制度也不斷成熟,新地區(qū)的征服往往伴隨著新地區(qū)中正制度的確立。第二、北魏縣一級(jí)中正的設(shè)立時(shí)間,至少可以推論到太武帝時(shí)期。而縣中正也多以地方士族擔(dān)任,以地方郡縣屬官兼任。第三、北周的確施行過(guò)中正制度,而且北周的中正制度實(shí)施的疆域范圍遠(yuǎn)超北魏,北周的中正制度有別于前朝,多以地方郡守、軍事都督首領(lǐng)兼任,有著籠絡(luò)地方,得到地方豪族支持的因素。最后,基于附表《北朝歷任中正表》,本文主要從從郡望與中正任職關(guān)系、邑中正、軍前大中正等三個(gè)角度入手進(jìn)行的部分問(wèn)題考察。第一、通過(guò)對(duì)歷任中正任職地區(qū)與其郡望進(jìn)行比較,得出北朝中正的任職在大部分情況下,是依據(jù)其郡望、籍貫來(lái)任命的。第二、佛教石刻、造像磚上出現(xiàn)的邑中正大多數(shù)屬于佛教社邑中的一種身份名稱,北朝出現(xiàn)邑中正的地區(qū)全部集中在司州地區(qū)。第三、軍前大中正的名號(hào)屬于較為特殊的中正名號(hào),是軍中設(shè)置以此來(lái)權(quán)授鄉(xiāng)品,借以除授官職。此后發(fā)展為各地大行臺(tái)設(shè)置中正,以此分割中央權(quán)力,借以隨時(shí)招攬人才除授官職。
[Abstract]:Jiupingzheng system is an important talent selection system in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties. Compared with the Wei, Jin and Southern dynasties, the Jiupingzheng system has its unique development thread and historical process, and plays an important role in the historical process of the Northern Dynasty.In this paper, from the perspective of the system of Nine products in the Northern Dynasty, the relationship between the official and the official, the organizational structure of Zhongzheng, the relationship between the county and the Zhongzheng, and the development of the system in the Northern Dynasty, the author makes an investigation of the development of the system.Try to explore the development and particularity of Nine-Pin-Zheng system in the Northern Dynasty.This paper first discusses the relationship between Zhongzheng's official products and Zhongzheng's "Dazhong" and "Zhongzheng" from the perspective of Zhongzheng's official position.Through statistics and quantitative analysis, it can be found that the Northern Dynasty called "state Dazhong Zheng" or "state Zhongzheng Zheng" is related to Zhongzheng's official products.In the state level of central justice, belong to the capital of Sizhou Zhongzheng, when this official product above the second, it is called Dazhong.Local state officials up to the third (including three products), called "a state in the middle", or only "a state in the right."In addition, the Northern Qi completely inherited the Eastern Wei and Northern Wei, Zhongzheng almost by the central officials.The Northern Zhou Dynasty broke the tradition that Zhongzheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty served as a central official, and appointed a large number of local county guards and military commanders as local officials. To some extent, this practice was inseparable from the implementation of the military system at that time and the selection of talents by using the local aristocrats.Secondly, about the organization structure of Zhongzheng in the Northern Dynasty, three related problems are discussed.First, the Zhongzheng system of the Northern Wei Dynasty was not accomplished overnight. With the continuous expansion of the territory, the Zhongzheng system of the Northern Wei Dynasty was also maturing, and the conquest of the new region was often accompanied by the establishment of the Zhongzheng system in the new region.Second, the establishment of the Northern Wei County level Zhongzheng time, at least can be inferred from the period of Emperor Taiwu.And the county is also more to serve as a local literati, to the local prefectures and county officials concurrently.Third, the Northern Zhou Dynasty did implement the Zhongzheng system. Moreover, the Northern Zhou Dynasty implemented the Zhongzheng system to a far greater extent than the Northern Wei Dynasty. The Northern Zhou Dynasty's Zhongzheng system was different from that of the previous dynasties. Most of the northern Zhou dynasties were guarded by local prefectures, and the military capitals were headed by governors, and they had a network of places.A factor that has the support of the local aristocrats.Finally, based on the attached table, this paper mainly from the three angles of the relationship between the county and Zhongzheng, Yi Zhongzheng, before the army in the middle of the three angles to conduct a part of the investigation.First, through the comparison between the former Zhongzheng office and its county, it is concluded that in most cases, Zhongzheng was appointed according to his county and place of origin.Second, Buddhist stone carvings, statues on the brick of the Yi Zhongzheng mostly belong to the Buddhist community of a kind of identity name, the Northern dynasties appear in the region of Shi Zhou all concentrated in the region.Third, the name of the army before the middle of the name belongs to a more special name, is set up in the military to grant rural goods, in order to remove the official position.Since then, it has set up Zhongzheng in various places to divide the central power, so as to solicit talents in addition to the granting of official posts at any time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：K235
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本文編號(hào)：1758154