【摘要】：保守主義是一種全球范圍內(nèi)的、具有"方位性"的政治思潮,它的一般性價值體現(xiàn)在對現(xiàn)代性的批評和古現(xiàn)代性的希冀、對理性主義的反思和后世俗主義的道德追求上,這種一般性價值為保守主義內(nèi)部對話創(chuàng)造了共識性的前提。在具有一般性價值的基礎(chǔ)上,保守主義被認(rèn)為對特殊性具有可欲性的追求,俄羅斯保守主義特殊性價值是包括:抗拒革命、懷疑自由、珍視道德和正教精神,并注重"國家——社會——家庭"之間的歷史連貫性。理查德·派普斯認(rèn)為在俄國思想史上,就其政治制度的深層次邏輯來看,唯有保守主義是自15世紀(jì)延續(xù)至今的、源于本土的社會政治思想。俄羅斯保守主義自正式形成起,在帝俄時期經(jīng)歷了三個階段:古典保守主義、國家保守主義和東正教保守主義,到帝國晚期,俄羅斯保守主義難以在政治現(xiàn)實和社會思想中找到平衡,隨著帝國一起瓦解。到了蘇聯(lián)時期,保守主義一方面繼承傳統(tǒng)思想,另一方面承認(rèn)社會主義現(xiàn)實,并找到二者的理論連接點,逐漸形成依附體制的思想力量,并發(fā)展與歐亞主義思想的關(guān)系,其現(xiàn)實性非常強。當(dāng)代保守主義延續(xù)了歐亞主義的基本觀點,在2000年后開始復(fù)蘇,其代表人物是帕納寧和杜金。在政治哲學(xué)上,普京的保守主義是自由保守主義,它的政治訴求包括強大國家觀、集體主義價值觀、多元主義世界觀和傳統(tǒng)主義道德觀。當(dāng)代保守主義最核心的議題包括,對內(nèi)通過道德視角審視性少數(shù)群體的生存狀態(tài),對外體現(xiàn)在,保守主義視野下,俄羅斯與歐洲右翼具有廣泛的聯(lián)系。保守主義的價值在于"反思"和"尊重"。反思"自由國際主義"的全球化的癥結(jié),并在尊重自身文明和國際社會其他文明體的基礎(chǔ)上,通過平等對話,共同建立一個"去中心"的國際協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Conservatism is a kind of global political trend of thought with "locality". Its general value is reflected in the criticism of modernization and the hope of ancient modernism, the reflection on rationalism and the moral pursuit of post-secularism. This general value creates the premise of common understanding for the internal dialogue of conservatism. On the basis of general value, conservatism is regarded as the pursuit of particularity. The special value of Russian conservatism includes resisting revolution, doubting freedom, cherishing morality and orthodox spirit, and paying attention to the historical coherence between "state-society-family". Richard Phelps believes that in the history of Russian thought, in terms of the deep logic of his political system, only conservatism has continued since the 15th century and originated from the local social and political thought. Since the formal formation of Russian conservatism, Russian conservatism has gone through three stages in the period of imperialism: classical conservatism, national conservatism and Orthodox conservatism. In the late imperial period, Russian conservatism was difficult to find a balance between political reality and social thought, and collapsed with the empire. In the Soviet period, conservatism, on the one hand, inherited the traditional thought, on the other hand, recognized the socialist reality, and found the theoretical connection between the two, gradually formed the ideological force attached to the system, and developed the relationship with Eurasian thought, its reality is very strong. Contemporary conservatism continues the basic view of Eurasia and began to recover after 2000, represented by Pananin and Dukin. In political philosophy, Putin's conservatism is liberal conservatism, and its political demands include strong state view, collectivism values, pluralistic world outlook and traditional morality. The core issues of contemporary conservatism include viewing the living state of sexual minorities from the perspective of morality, and Russia has extensive relations with the right wing of Europe from the perspective of conservatism. The value of conservatism lies in reflection and respect. Reflecting on the crux of the globalization of "free internationalism", and on the basis of respecting their own civilization and other civilized styles of the international community, and through equal dialogue, we should jointly establish an international coordination mechanism of "going to the center".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D091

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