本文選題：長(zhǎng)崎　切入點(diǎn)：中日貿(mào)易　出處：《學(xué)術(shù)月刊》2017年03期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：由明迄清,徽州海商的主體存在著一個(gè)重要的轉(zhuǎn)變,即從明代武裝走私的私人貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)向清朝政府特許經(jīng)營(yíng)的海外貿(mào)易。及至19世紀(jì)60年代,東亞海域世界的國(guó)際形勢(shì)發(fā)生了重大的變化。而中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)太平天國(guó)的兵燹戰(zhàn)亂,又對(duì)中日貿(mào)易造成了劇烈沖擊,加速了徽州海商之衰落與長(zhǎng)崎唐館的解體。本文聚焦的徽州巨商程稼堂,曾是長(zhǎng)崎貿(mào)易中舉足輕重的海商首領(lǐng)。但在19世紀(jì)中后期,他與海商同行、長(zhǎng)崎會(huì)所、借貸商人之間,不斷地發(fā)生各類(lèi)債務(wù)糾紛,其本人則為了躲避債主的糾纏而到處東躲西藏,并多次將各類(lèi)財(cái)物作為抵押。這些,顯然反映了其人已徘徊于破產(chǎn)的邊緣。程稼堂的遭遇,折射出昔日富甲天下的徽州海商之困境。其人的盛衰遞嬗,可算是煊赫一時(shí)的徽州海商之最后一曲挽歌。
[Abstract]:From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there was an important change in the main body of the merchants in Huizhou, that is, from the private trade of armed smuggling in the Ming Dynasty to the overseas trade operated by the Qing government. Until 1860s, Major changes have taken place in the international situation in the world in the East Asian Seas. However, the war of war in China's Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has caused a severe impact on Sino-Japanese trade. It accelerates the decline of Huizhou merchants and the disintegration of Nagasaki Tang Hall. The Huizhou Merchants Cheng Jiatang, who was once the most important leader of Nagasaki trade in this article, was a major leader in Nagasaki trade. However, in the middle and late 19th century, he went with the merchants, Nagasaki clubhouse, and loan merchants. The constant occurrence of various kinds of debt disputes, in order to avoid the entanglement of the creditors and to hide everywhere, and various kinds of property as collateral. This clearly reflects that his people have been on the verge of bankruptcy. It reflects the dilemma of Huizhou maritime merchants, who was the richest in the world in the past. The rise and fall of their people can be regarded as the last elegy of Huizhou maritime merchants.
【作者單位】： 復(fù)旦大學(xué)歷史地理研究中心;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K248;K313.36
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本文編號(hào)：1585631