本文選題：明清　切入點(diǎn)：徽州　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：明清時(shí)期的徽州是一個(gè)山多田少的山區(qū)社會(huì),徽州人口一方面受制于農(nóng)田匱乏所導(dǎo)致的糧食供給不足,另一方面,徽州又擁有大量適宜于發(fā)展木業(yè)、茶業(yè)等山林經(jīng)濟(jì)的丘陵山地,因而,以木業(yè)和茶業(yè)為主體的徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)對明清時(shí)期的徽州人口具有重要的維持與改善生計(jì)作用,并且隨著徽商的崛起,徽州山林產(chǎn)品的商品化步伐顯著加快。本文的主要研究內(nèi)容包括：徽州的山林物產(chǎn)及其經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,在徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生的買賣、租佃、糾紛與訴訟等社會(huì)關(guān)系,以及在山林環(huán)境這樣一種生存與生活場域中所形成的區(qū)域社會(huì)心理、社會(huì)文化、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗以及精神文化生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)等。 具體地說,本文的引言部分在對選題緣起、相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)史、研究方法與思路進(jìn)行介紹之后,重點(diǎn)對徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)的相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了說明和界定。 本文的正文部分包括五章內(nèi)容。 第一章主要論述徽州山林物產(chǎn)與徽州日常生計(jì)以及徽商貿(mào)易之間的重要關(guān)聯(lián)。具體地說,在介紹徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)中的山林物產(chǎn)及其用途價(jià)值的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述木材與茶葉這兩種徽州主要山林物產(chǎn)的種植與貿(mào)易情況,并簡要述及其他山林物產(chǎn)的開發(fā)與利用情況。 第二章主要介紹明清徽州山地的開發(fā)、利用以及徽州林業(yè)山場的經(jīng)營與管理情況。山地是徽州人口重要的財(cái)產(chǎn)來源,在徽州山地開發(fā)與利用過程中形成的大量買賣、租佃、看養(yǎng)等山林文書,是探討徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)關(guān)系的極好資料。由大片山地構(gòu)成的林業(yè)山場是徽州宗族產(chǎn)業(yè)的重要構(gòu)成部分,本章第二節(jié)以《竇山公家議》為文獻(xiàn)依據(jù),以祁門善和程氏宗族為個(gè)案,剖析徽州宗族對族產(chǎn)山場的經(jīng)營與管理。 第三章論述明清時(shí)期徽州的山林紛爭及其裁處。山林紛爭在徽州民事糾紛中具有多發(fā)性,對之進(jìn)行探討,是認(rèn)識(shí)徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)與社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的重要途徑。本章將明清時(shí)期徽州山林紛爭劃分為山地經(jīng)營與買賣紛爭、墳山及墳葬風(fēng)水紛爭、山界爭議以及徽州的上棚之爭等四個(gè)類別,分析了民間調(diào)處與官府裁決這兩種基本的紛爭解決途徑,并就山林紛爭裁處中的官方力量與民間力量的結(jié)合,以及山居生活與徽民“健訟”之風(fēng)的關(guān)聯(lián),提出了自己的看法。 第四章是對徽州山林經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)生活中所形成民俗與民間信仰的分析。重點(diǎn)分析了生產(chǎn)與生活中的徽州林俗與茶俗、徽州風(fēng)水信仰中的墳塋蔭木及其民俗內(nèi)涵,并通過徽州方志“祥異”關(guān)于山林動(dòng)植物的記載,探討部分山林動(dòng)植物在徽州官方與民間意識(shí)中所呈現(xiàn)的民俗意象。 第五章是就徽人的精神文化生活與徽州山林環(huán)境之間的依存關(guān)系進(jìn)行探討。主要圍繞徽州園林、建筑、文學(xué)、藝術(shù)幾個(gè)角度,論述徽州山水對徽人精神文化生活之潛移默化式熏陶與影響。 在上述五章內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,本文在結(jié)語部分提出：一,以木業(yè)和茶業(yè)為主體的山林經(jīng)濟(jì)在徽州生產(chǎn)與生活中占有重要地位；二,明清時(shí)期徽州山經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展出現(xiàn)了林業(yè)與商業(yè)的關(guān)系趨于緊密、山林經(jīng)濟(jì)在徽州族產(chǎn)中的地位日趨重要、徽州山林經(jīng)營與管理受到勞動(dòng)力大量外流的負(fù)面影響等幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)與趨勢；三,山林環(huán)境浸染中的徽州社會(huì)與文化具有濃郁的山區(qū)社會(huì)與文化特質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:The Ming and Qing Dynasties, Huizhou is a little Tian Shan mountain community, Huizhou has a population of less than one is subject to the farmland caused by lack of food supply, on the other hand, Huizhou has a large number of suitable for the development of wood industry, tea and other economic forest in hilly area, therefore, the population of Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the wood and tea as the main body the Huizhou forest economy has an important role to maintain and improve their livelihoods, and with the rise of commercial forest products significantly accelerate the pace of Huizhou. The main contents of this paper include: Huizhou forest products and its economic value, produced in the Huizhou forest economic activities on the basis of the sale, tenancy, disputes and litigation and other social relations. Culture and environment in the mountains of such a form of survival and life in the field of regional social psychology, society, traditional customs and spiritual culture production activities.
Specifically, the introductory part of this paper introduces the origin of the topic, relevant academic history, research methods and ideas, and focuses on the description and definition of the relevant concepts of Huizhou mountain forest economy and society.
The main body of this article includes five chapters.
The first chapter mainly discusses the important relationship between Huizhou mountain and Huizhou daily livelihood and Huizhou products trade. Specifically, based on the introduction of forest products and its use in the economic value of Huizhou forest, this plant and trade of wood and tea of the two main products of the Huizhou mountains, and the mountains and other products the development and utilization.
The second chapter mainly introduces the development of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in the Huizhou mountain area, and using the operation and management situation of Huizhou forestry farm. The population of Huizhou mountain is an important property of a large number of sources, sale and use of Huizhou mountain, formed in the development process of the tenancy, pens etc. forest documents, is to explore the excellent information for the Huizhou forest economic and social relations. A large mountain forestry farm is an important component of the Huizhou clan industry section, the second section of this chapter to the public on the mountain for > < sinus literature basis, to Qimen good and the clan as a case, analyzes the operation and management of the production field of Huizhou mountain clan.
The third chapter discusses the Ming and Qing Dynasties Huizhou mountain and forest disputes tribunal. Disputes with multiple civil disputes in Huizhou, to study, is an important approach to understand the Huizhou forest economic activity and social phenomenon. This chapter will be divided into Ming and Qing Dynasties Huizhou mountain mountain management and sale disputes disputes, and disputes of Feng Shui grave cemetery Huizhou mountain, disputes and dispute on the roof in four categories, analyzes the civil mediation and government ruling the two basic ways to solve disputes, and disputes tribunal in the mountains of official power and civil power combination, and associated mountain life and Hui people "disputatiousness" of the wind, put forward the opinions of his own.
The fourth chapter is the analysis of the formation of folk customs and folk beliefs of Huizhou mountain of economic and social life. The focus on the analysis of the production and life of the customs and tea Huizhou Lin Su, the tomb of shade trees and folklore connotation of Huizhou Fengshui belief, and through the local chronicles of Huizhou "Xiang mountain plants and animals on different parts of records. Forest dynamic plant folk images presented in Huizhou official and folk consciousness.
The fifth chapter is about the relationship between Hui's spiritual life and the forest environment in Huizhou. Based on Huizhou gardens, architecture, literature and art, this paper discusses the subtle influence and influence of Huizhou's landscape on Hui's spiritual and cultural life.
Based on the above five chapters, this paper in the conclusion: first, with wood and tea as the main economic forest in Huizhou occupies an important position in the production and the life; two, the Ming and Qing Dynasties Huizhou mountain economic development relationship between forestry and business tends to close, position of forest economy in Huizhou in the production is becoming more and more important Huizhou, forest management and management by the labor outflow of the negative influence of some trends and characteristics; three, Huizhou social and cultural environment in the mountainous forest has disseminated social and cultural characteristics and rich.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F326.2;K249

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周海燕;明清徽州旅游研究[D];安徽大學(xué);2014年

，

本文編號(hào)：1585633