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21世紀以來中國對東南亞援助研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-02-04 10:27

  本文關鍵詞: 中國 對外援助 東南亞 出處:《華中師范大學》2017年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文


【摘要】:21世紀至今,中國對東南亞的援助已經走過了 16年的歷史。2013年中國提出了“一帶一路”合作倡議標志著中國新的對外戰(zhàn)略的出爐,中國對東南亞的援助步入新的階段。2013年中國提出“一帶一路”合作倡議之后,中國對東南亞援助中在強調經濟利益的同時突出其戰(zhàn)略意義。21世紀中國對東南亞援助的主要方式包括成套項目建設、一般物資援助、技術合作、人力資源合作、援外醫(yī)療隊、人道主義援助、援外志愿者、債務減免、軍事援助等。其中成套項目援助為主要援助方式,人力資源開發(fā)合作和技術合作逐年增多,人道主義援助通常在東南亞發(fā)生嚴重災害時實施,軍事援助的份額較少。21世紀中國對東南亞的援助具有以下特點:鮮明的時代特征;在對東南亞的援助中經濟利益考量仍占主要地位,戰(zhàn)略意義開始提升;不附加任何政治條件;軍事援助占比較少;強調受援國的能力建設;援助資金來源逐步多樣化,多邊援助逐漸增多。在動機層面,21世紀中國援助東南亞主要包括三個方面:政治安全動機、經濟發(fā)展動機和人道主義動機。本文對于21世紀中國對東南亞援助的評價也基于21世紀中國對東南亞援助的動機分析。在不同的援助階段,中國的對東南亞的援助取得了可喜的成果,也存在著缺陷。主要的成就在于:間接消除東南亞恐怖主義的土壤,有效地打擊東南亞的毒品貿易;建立了自身的朋友圈,提高了自身的國際地位;樹立了一個負責任的大國以及好鄰居的形象;拓展國際市場,出口中國的產品和服務,保證原材料和能源資源的供應;塑造良好的周邊經濟環(huán)境;傳播了中國的文化和價值觀念;增加了中國在國際援助體系的話語權;促進了東南亞受援國經濟社會的發(fā)展,救助了遭受重大災難的人民。不足之處在于:中國自身對外援助體系的不健全;缺乏國別性援助政策指導,主動性不強;非政府機構組織在援助中的作用未得到有效發(fā)揮,民間組織參與程度較低;援助透明度不高,易招致國內民眾和外國政府的批評;不擅于與當地人民和媒體處理關系,公關能力較弱。針對中國援助東南亞現(xiàn)存的問題,中國政府可以采取以下可行性措施:推進國內對外援助的立法工作,加快援外制度建設步伐;穩(wěn)健發(fā)展中國對外援助理論研究;健全對外援助的決策管理評估機制建設;提高援助的透明化,積極與主流媒體和當地媒體進行合作;充分發(fā)揮非政府組織在對東南亞援助中的作用;加強與多邊組織的合作,注重國際援助交流;深化在東南亞進行援助項目建設的工作人員培訓,積極引導中國海外工作人員與當地人民和組織建立和諧的關系。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, China's aid to Southeast Asia has gone through 16 years. In 2013, China put forward the "Belt and Road" cooperation initiative, marking the launch of China's new foreign strategy. China's aid to Southeast Asia has entered a new phase, following China's "Belt and Road" cooperation initiative in 2013. China's aid to Southeast Asia emphasizes its strategic significance while emphasizing its economic interests. In the 21st century, the main ways of China's aid to Southeast Asia include complete sets of projects, general material assistance, and technical cooperation. Human resources cooperation, foreign medical teams, humanitarian assistance, foreign aid volunteers, debt relief, military assistance. Cooperation in human resources development and technical cooperation has increased year by year, and humanitarian assistance is usually carried out in times of severe disasters in South-East Asia. China's aid to Southeast Asia in the 21st century has the following characteristics: distinctive characteristics of the times; In the aid to Southeast Asia, the consideration of economic interests still occupies the main position, and the strategic significance begins to rise; No political conditions attached; Less military assistance; Emphasizing capacity-building in recipient countries; China's aid to Southeast Asia in the 21st century mainly includes three aspects: political security motivation. The economic development motive and the humanitarian motive. The evaluation of China's aid to Southeast Asia in 21th century is also based on the motive analysis of China's aid to Southeast Asia in 21th century. China's aid to Southeast Asia has achieved gratifying results, but also has shortcomings. The main achievements are: indirectly eliminate the soil of Southeast Asia terrorism, effectively crack down on the drug trade in Southeast Asia; Established its own Moments, improved its international status; The image of a responsible big country and a good neighbor; Expand the international market, export Chinese products and services, ensure the supply of raw materials and energy resources; Shaping a good surrounding economic environment; Spreading Chinese culture and values; Increased China's voice in the international aid system; It has promoted the economic and social development of the Southeast Asian recipient countries and rescued the people who have suffered great disaster. The shortcomings lie in: the unsound foreign aid system of China itself; Lack of country policy guidance and lack of initiative; The role of non-governmental organizations in aid has not been effectively played, and the participation of civil society organizations is low; Aid transparency is low and vulnerable to criticism from domestic and foreign governments; Not good at dealing with the local people and the media, the public relations ability is weak. In view of the existing problems of China's assistance to Southeast Asia, the Chinese government can take the following feasible measures: to promote domestic and foreign aid legislation. Speeding up the construction of foreign aid system; A theoretical study on the steady Development of China's Foreign Aid; Improve the decision-making management evaluation mechanism of foreign aid; (a) increase the transparency of aid and actively cooperate with the mainstream and local media; To give full play to the role of non-governmental organizations in aid to South-East Asia; Strengthening cooperation with multilateral organizations and focusing on the exchange of international assistance; To deepen the training of staff for aid projects in Southeast Asia and actively guide Chinese overseas staff to establish harmonious relations with local people and organizations.
【學位授予單位】:華中師范大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:D822.333


本文編號:1490018

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