【摘要】：自我建構(Self-Construal)是指個體如何認識、理解自我,如何看待自我和他人的關系及其意義;主觀幸福感是指個體對個人生活的積極評價,它包含了三個獨立的維度:正性情感、負性情感和認知維度,主觀幸福感的評價也包括了認知和情感兩方面。以往關注自我建構對主觀幸福感影響的研究發(fā)現(xiàn):不同建構類型個體的主觀幸福感水平存在差異、預測指標亦不相同;自我建構對文化和身份存在中介效應;自我建構與文化存在交互作用——不同文化下自我建構可以預測主觀幸福感。此外,已有研究表明自我建構水平不同個體之間存在認知差異和動機差異。以往研究多以問卷方式描述二者的相關關系,本研究從問卷調查和行為實驗兩個角度、將三重自我建構劃分為我-兄弟姐妹-中國,探索了三重自我建構水平對主觀幸福感的影響。調查一調查了大學生的三重自我建構水平和主觀幸福感水平,結果顯示:大學生在三重自我建構水平得分上,關系型自我建構水平最高;獨立型自我建構次之;集體型自我建構最低。其中關系型自我是主觀幸福感的有效預測指標。實驗二的目的在于研究三重自我建構水平不同的個體的主觀幸福感差異,并試圖從認知和情感兩方面對其進行解釋。結果顯示:關系型自我建構的啟動會引起個體的主觀幸福感的提升。這也許和關系型自我建構個體在認知上更加將家人納入自我,在情感上能對家人獲益時感同身受有關。實驗三的目的在于研究三重自我建構水平不同的個體是否會出于追求更高的主觀幸福感而做出不同的利他行為。結果顯示:關系型自我建構的啟動會引起個體的主觀幸福感的提升,依存型自我建構的個體有更多的利他行為,其中關系型自我建構的個體更多地對家人實施利他行為;而集體型自我建構的個體更多地對陌生國人實施利他行為。
[Abstract]:Self-construction (Self-Construal) refers to how individuals understand and understand themselves, how to view the relationship between themselves and others and their significance. Subjective well-being refers to the individual's positive evaluation of personal life, which includes three independent dimensions: positive emotion, negative emotion and cognitive dimension. The evaluation of subjective well-being also includes cognitive and emotional aspects. Previous studies on the influence of self-construction on subjective well-being have found that the level of subjective well-being of individuals of different types of construction is different and the prediction index is different, and that self-construction has mediating effect on culture and identity. The interaction between self-construction and cultural existence-self-construction in different cultures can predict subjective well-being. In addition, there are cognitive differences and motivational differences among individuals with different levels of self-construction. Previous studies used questionnaires to describe the relationship between the two. This study divided the triple self-construction into "I, sibling and China" from the perspectives of questionnaire and behavioral experiments. This paper explores the effect of triple self-construction on subjective well-being. Survey 1 investigated the triple self-construction level and the subjective well-being level of college students. The results showed that the relationship self-construction level was the highest, the independent self-construction level was the second, and the independent self-construction level was the highest in the triple self-construction level. Collective self-construction is the lowest. Relational self is an effective predictor of subjective well-being. The purpose of experiment two is to study the differences of subjective well-being of individuals with different levels of triple self-construction, and try to explain it from the aspects of cognition and emotion. The results show that the initiation of relational self-construction can increase the subjective well-being of individuals. This may have something to do with the relationship-based self-constructors who more cognitively integrate their families into themselves and share their feelings when they are emotionally beneficial to their families. The purpose of experiment three is to study whether individuals with different levels of triple self-construction will make different altruistic behaviors in pursuit of higher subjective well-being. The results show that: the initiation of relational self-construction will lead to the improvement of individual subjective well-being, the dependent self-construction individual has more altruistic behavior, among which the relational self-construction individual more altruistic behavior to the family; The collective self-construction of the individual is more altruistic to the strange people.
【學位授予單位】：上海師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842
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本文編號：2402656