【摘要】：自我參照效應(yīng)是指材料與自我相聯(lián)系時的加工成績顯著好于其也條件的現(xiàn)象,已經(jīng)得到大量研究證實。當(dāng)前研究在前人的研究基礎(chǔ)上,以20名居住在漢族地區(qū)的少數(shù)民族大學(xué)生為被試,試圖探討一種新型的自我參照效應(yīng)——民族自我參照效應(yīng),并考察大腦加工民族刺激的神經(jīng)機制。實驗中,以被試所屬民族為“自我民族”,以漢族為“比較民族”,以被試最熟悉的其他少數(shù)民族為“對照民族”,三類民族在熟悉度上差異不顯著。 當(dāng)前研究共分兩個實驗,采用行為和ERP技術(shù)分別從外顯和內(nèi)隱層面探討少數(shù)民族的民族自我參照效應(yīng)。實驗一使用行為技術(shù),以240個人格特質(zhì)形容詞為材料,采用R/K范式從外顯層面進(jìn)行考察,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)自我民族與漢族在詞匯再認(rèn)率和R判斷值上差異不顯著,但二者均顯著大于對照民族。實驗二使用ERP技術(shù),采用Oddball范式從內(nèi)隱層面進(jìn)行考察。實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),在P2成分上,自我民族在頭皮中部和后中部誘發(fā)了更大的P2波幅；在N2成分上,自我民族誘發(fā)的N2波幅顯著小于漢族和對照民族；在P3成分上,自我民族在全腦誘發(fā)的波幅顯著大于漢族,漢族誘發(fā)的波幅顯著大于對照民族。實驗還發(fā)現(xiàn),大腦加工“民族”刺激時左腦的激活水平顯著大于中腦和右腦。 實驗一結(jié)果顯示,自我民族與漢族具有同等程度的參照效應(yīng),表明外顯層面不存在顯著的民族自我參照效應(yīng)。實驗二結(jié)果顯示,無論在早期P2和N2加工階段還是在晚期P3加工階段,自我民族都具有明顯的加工優(yōu)勢,表明內(nèi)隱層面存在顯著的民族自我參照效應(yīng)。這種效應(yīng)在左腦表現(xiàn)更為明顯,說明大腦加工民族刺激時具有左腦優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:Self-referential effect refers to the phenomenon that the processing performance of material is significantly better than that of its condition when the material is connected with self, which has been confirmed by a large number of studies. Based on the previous studies, the present study takes 20 ethnic minority college students living in Han nationality as the subjects, and attempts to explore a new self-reference effect, the national self-reference effect. The neural mechanism of national stimulation in brain processing was investigated. In the experiment, the nationality of the subjects was taken as the "self-nationality", the Han nationality as the "comparative nationality", and the other ethnic minorities most familiar to the subjects as the "control nationality". There was no significant difference in the degree of familiarity among the three groups. The present study is divided into two experiments, using behavioral and ERP techniques to explore the national self-referencing effects of ethnic minorities from explicit and implicit levels, respectively. In experiment one, 240 personality trait adjectives were used as materials. The results showed that there was no significant difference between self-nationality and Han nationality in vocabulary recognition rate and R judgment value. But both of them were significantly larger than the control nationality. Experiment 2 uses ERP technology and Oddball paradigm to investigate from implicit level. The results showed that the amplitude of P2 was higher in the middle of scalp and in the middle of the scalp, but in N2, the amplitude of N2 was significantly smaller than that of the Han and the control. In P3 component, the amplitude of the whole brain induced by self nationality was significantly higher than that of Han nationality, and the amplitude of Han nationality was significantly higher than that of control nationality. It was also found that the activation level of the left brain was significantly higher than that of the midbrain and the right brain. The results of experiment 1 show that the self-nationality has the same referential effect as the Han nationality, indicating that there is no significant national self-referential effect on the explicit level. The results of experiment two show that the self-nationality has obvious processing advantage in the early P2 and N2 processing stage and in the late P3 processing stage, indicating that there is a significant national self-reference effect in the implicit level. This effect is more obvious in the left brain, indicating that the brain processing national stimulation has left brain advantage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B848

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