【摘要】：近三十年來,內(nèi)隱記憶是認知心理學(xué)領(lǐng)域倍受關(guān)注的研究方向,吸引了很多專家學(xué)者的目光。內(nèi)隱記憶指的是對先前獲得信息的無意識提取,它與對過去經(jīng)驗有意識、有目的回憶的外顯記憶是相對應(yīng)的。關(guān)于內(nèi)隱記憶的影響因素有很多,其中,干擾因素是最為重要的一個因素。當(dāng)前,很多研究集中于探討編碼干擾對內(nèi)隱記憶的影響,也得出了較為一致的結(jié)論,即編碼干擾會影響內(nèi)隱記憶。然而,關(guān)于內(nèi)隱記憶提取干擾效應(yīng)的研究很少,而且結(jié)論也不一致。 為了進一步探究提取干擾在內(nèi)隱記憶中所扮演的角色,我們設(shè)置了兩種不同的干擾任務(wù)：知覺干擾、概念干擾,并引入了加工水平這一變量,通過行為實驗及事件相關(guān)電位(ERP)實驗進行研究。行為實驗結(jié)果表明,在無干擾條件下,詞匯判斷任務(wù)存在著明顯的啟動效應(yīng)；而在干擾條件下,這種啟動效應(yīng)受到了影響,知覺干擾條件下深加工啟動效應(yīng)消失,但仍存在淺加工啟動效應(yīng),概念干擾條件下不存在任何效應(yīng)。腦電行為結(jié)果與行為實驗結(jié)果一致。ERPs結(jié)果表明,無干擾條件下雖沒發(fā)現(xiàn)淺加工啟動效應(yīng)的ERP成分,然而在深加工啟動中,卻有明顯代表內(nèi)隱記憶的N400效應(yīng)；而在干擾條件下,新舊詞間的ERPs卻沒有顯著差異。 綜合行為與ERP研究結(jié)果,我們認為內(nèi)隱記憶受到了提取干擾的影響,這種影響在不同干擾任務(wù)類型中有所差異,概念干擾任務(wù)的破壞程度大于知覺干擾任務(wù)。
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years, implicit memory has attracted much attention in the field of cognitive psychology. Implicit memory refers to the unconscious extraction of previously acquired information, which corresponds to explicit memory of conscious and purposeful memory of past experience. There are many factors affecting implicit memory, among which interference is the most important factor. At present, many researches have focused on the effect of coding interference on implicit memory, and a consistent conclusion has been drawn that coding interference will affect implicit memory. However, there are few studies on the interference effects of implicit memory extraction, and the conclusions are inconsistent. To further explore the role of extracting interference in implicit memory, we set up two different interference tasks: perceptual interference, conceptual interference, and the introduction of processing level variables. Behavior experiments and event-related potential (ERP) experiments were used to study the behavior. The results of behavioral experiments show that there is a significant priming effect on lexical judgment tasks without interference. However, under the condition of disturbance, the priming effect of deep processing disappears under the condition of perceptual interference, but there still exists the effect of shallow processing, but there is no effect under the condition of conceptual interference. The results of EEG behavior were consistent with those of behavioral experiments. ERPs results showed that there was no ERP component of shallow processing priming effect without interference, but there was a N400 effect representing implicit memory in deep processing initiation. However, there is no significant difference in ERPs between old and new words under interference. Synthesizing behavior and ERP's results, we believe that implicit memory is affected by extraction interference, which is different in different types of interference tasks, and the damage degree of conceptual interference tasks is greater than that of perceptual interference tasks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：B842.3

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