【摘要】：希望是一項積極的心理品質(zhì),對維持身心健康、矯正行為、促進適應和激發(fā)成長等方面均有積極的影響。希望又分為特質(zhì)性希望和狀態(tài)性希望,但都由路徑思維和動力思維兩部分組成。社會支持也是一個對個體的身心健康以及幸福感等方面有著積極影響的概念,其可分為客觀支持和主觀支持。有大量研究表明希望和社會支持存在顯著正相關,并且這些研究多以社會支持影響希望特質(zhì)的方式建模。雖然也有學者認為在社會支持提高希望水平之后,后者能反過來影響前者,但目前并沒有實證證據(jù)的支持。況且,如果像以往的研究那樣只采用橫斷研究的方式,即使把社會支持和希望交換位置后進行建模也取得了良好的擬合效果,結論也不會具有太大的說服力。因而有必要采取縱向的方式進行研究。本研究采用兩個研究對這兩者的關系進行檢驗。研究一是修訂《兒童及青少年社會支持量表》,作為縱向研究中社會支持的測量工具。研究二是縱向研究,選取了來自同一所寄宿中學、剛入學的高一新生作為研究對象,在學期初、學期中以及學期末對其進行了3次調(diào)查并建立交叉滯后模型來考察希望和社會支持之間的作用關系。結果表明:(1)修訂的《兒童及青少年社會支持量表》具有良好的信效度,可作為我國青少年社會支持測量的有效工具。(2)一般的希望特質(zhì)和社交領域中的希望特質(zhì)呈顯著正相關。(3)交往意向調(diào)查顯示大部分調(diào)查對象均表示愿意與具備希望特質(zhì)的人交往。(4)希望特質(zhì)分別與同學支持、好友支持和老師支持建立三個3時間點的交叉滯后模型,三個模型均顯示在T1和T2之間,希望與這三種支持均不能相互預測;在T2和T3之間,T2的希望能正向預測T3的三種社會支持,但T2的三種社會支持不能預測T3的希望。這表明希望特質(zhì)能對社會支持產(chǎn)生影響。
[Abstract]:Hope is a positive psychological quality, which has a positive effect on maintaining physical and mental health, correcting behavior, promoting adaptation and stimulating growth. Hope is divided into idiosyncratic hope and state hope, but both consist of path thinking and dynamic thinking. Social support is also a concept that has a positive impact on the physical and mental health and well-being of individuals, which can be divided into objective support and subjective support. A large number of studies have shown that there is a significant positive correlation between hope and social support, and most of these studies are modelled in a way that social support influences the trait of hope. Although some scholars believe that the latter can influence the former in turn after the social support improves the level of hope, there is no empirical evidence to support the latter. Moreover, if only the cross-sectional research is adopted as in the previous studies, the conclusion will not be too convincing even if the model is modeled after the social support and the desire to exchange positions are obtained. Therefore, it is necessary to take a longitudinal approach to the study. This study uses two studies to test the relationship between the two. The first study was to revise the Social support scale for Children and adolescents as a measuring tool for social support in the longitudinal study. The second is a longitudinal study, which selected freshmen from the same boarding school who had just entered a senior high school as the subjects of the study. At the beginning of the semester, During and at the end of the semester, three investigations were conducted and a cross-lag model was established to investigate the relationship between hope and social support. The results showed that: (1) the revised Social support scale for Children and adolescents had good reliability and validity. It can be used as an effective tool to measure the social support of adolescents in China. (2) there is a significant positive correlation between the general trait of hope and the trait of hope in the social field. (3) the survey of communication intention shows that most of the respondents express their willingness to have hope. (4) hoping that the trait will be supported by the students, Friends support and teachers support the establishment of three three-point cross-lag model, the three models are shown between T1 and T2, and the three support can not predict each other; The hope of T _ 2 between T _ 2 and T _ 3 can positively predict the three kinds of social support of T _ 3, but the three kinds of social support of T _ 2 can not predict the hope of T _ 3. This suggests that the trait of hope has an impact on social support.
【學位授予單位】：閩南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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