本文選題：定向-對象匹配效應(yīng) + 調(diào)節(jié)性匹配��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著心理學(xué)家在動機領(lǐng)域的研究不斷深入,單純依賴經(jīng)典的享樂原則(Hedonic Principle)已無法為不同個體在不同情境中的動機傾向提供全面、準(zhǔn)確的剖析與闡釋。所謂“趨利避害”的本能亦不足以概括人們多變的決策行為�；谮叡軇訖C下的理性權(quán)衡以及期望-價值關(guān)系等相關(guān)問題的研究,Higgins先后提出的調(diào)節(jié)定向理論(Regulatory Focus Theory)和調(diào)節(jié)匹配理論(Regulatory Fit Theory)為進(jìn)一步揭示個體動機與決策間的關(guān)系及規(guī)律開辟了新的方向。本研究嘗試從動機定向與調(diào)節(jié)性匹配的視角出發(fā),通過對個體決策行為的分析,進(jìn)一步探究影響決策者解釋水平的兩個因素:決策對象和情感狀態(tài)。實驗一中首次提出定向-對象匹配效應(yīng)(Focus-Target Fit Effect)的構(gòu)想,將動機定向與決策對象的不同組合形式視為共同決定解釋水平的一對要素進(jìn)行考察,提出處于定向-對象匹配狀態(tài)的決策者具有相對較低的解釋水平,而處于非匹配狀態(tài)的決策者的解釋水平則相對較高。實驗二納入對情感因素的考量,檢驗定向-對象匹配效應(yīng)在不同情感狀態(tài)下對自我決策和他人決策中的解釋水平的影響效力。實驗三聚焦決策者自身的情感狀態(tài),對定向-對象匹配效應(yīng)與情感因素對自我決策的解釋水平的影響作用展開進(jìn)一步比較。本研究通過三個實驗,得出以下結(jié)論及推論:(1)決策者的調(diào)節(jié)定向與其決策對象之間的確存在某種匹配關(guān)系,即“定向-對象匹配效應(yīng)”。該效應(yīng)對決策行為的影響具體反映于決策者的解釋水平——處于定向-對象匹配狀態(tài)(如防御型定向-自我決策、促進(jìn)型定向-他人決策)的決策者傾向于在信息加工過程中,采用相對較低的解釋水平;而處于定向-對象非匹配狀態(tài)(防御型定向-他人決策、促進(jìn)型定向-自我決策)的決策者所采用的解釋水平則相對較高。(2)當(dāng)定向-對象匹配效應(yīng)與情感狀態(tài)因素共同作用于決策主體的解釋水平時,后者效用更強,甚至出現(xiàn)了對前者的掩蓋現(xiàn)象——無論決策者的定向-對象狀態(tài)匹配與否,受到豐富的情感狀態(tài)的影響,決策者在信息加工過程中的解釋水平普遍升高;而在貧乏的情感狀態(tài)下,決策者的解釋水平將相對有所降低。(3)不同的情感狀態(tài)啟動路徑,將導(dǎo)致情感狀態(tài)對定向-對象匹配效應(yīng)以及決策者的解釋水平產(chǎn)生截然不同的影響效果(4)在完成決策任務(wù)的過程中,情感狀態(tài)的啟動路徑與決策事件是否直接相關(guān),在一定程度上決定了其對決策者解釋水平的影響程度。
[Abstract]:With the deepening research of psychologists in the field of motivation, relying solely on the classical hedonic principle (Hedonic principle) has not been able to provide a comprehensive and accurate analysis and explanation for the motivational tendencies of different individuals in different situations.The instinct of seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages is not enough to generalize people's changeable decision-making behavior.Research on rational tradeoff and expectation-value relation based on the motivation of avoidance; the regulatory Focus theory and the regulatory matching theory put forward by Higgins in order to further reveal the relationship between individual motivation and decision-makingThe system and rules have opened up a new direction.From the perspective of motivation orientation and accommodative matching, this study attempts to further explore two factors that affect the level of decision makers' interpretation: decision object and emotional state through the analysis of individual decision-making behavior.In the first experiment, the idea of Focus-Target Fit effect is put forward for the first time. The different combination forms of motivation orientation and decision object are considered as a pair of factors which jointly determine the level of interpretation.It is proposed that the decision-makers in the direction-object matching state have a relatively low level of interpretation, while those in the mismatched state have a relatively high level of interpretation.The second experiment takes into account the affective factors to test the effect of direction-object matching effect on the level of interpretation of self-decision and decision-making of others in different emotional states.The third experiment focuses on the emotional state of the decision-maker and further compares the effects of direction-object matching effect and affective factors on the level of self-decision interpretation.Through three experiments, we draw the following conclusion and corollary: 1) there is a certain matching relationship between the decision maker's adjusting orientation and his decision object, that is, "direction-object matching effect".The effect of this effect on decision-making behavior is reflected in the decision makers' level of interpretation-in the state of direction-object matching (such as defensive orientation-self-decision, promotive orientation-others decision-making), which tend to be in the process of information processing.Using a relatively low level of interpretation; in a direction-object mismatch state (defensive orientation-others decision,The decision makers of promotive orientation-self-decision) used a relatively high level of interpretation. (2) when the combination of orientation-object matching effect and emotional state factors acted on the interpretation level of decision-makers, the latter was more effective.Even the masked phenomenon of the former, no matter whether the decision-maker 's direction-object state matches or not, is influenced by the rich emotional state, and the interpretation level of the decision-maker in the process of information processing is generally increased.However, in the poor emotional state, the level of explanation of the decision maker will be relatively lower.The emotional state will have a different effect on the direction-object matching effect and the decisionmaker's interpretation level. 4) in the process of completing the decision task, whether the starting path of the emotional state is directly related to the decision event,To a certain extent, it determines the degree of its impact on the level of interpretation of decision makers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.6

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本文編號：1770658