本文選題：孤獨(dú)感 + 高一新生�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：孤獨(dú)感是主觀上的心理不適應(yīng),是中學(xué)生常見(jiàn)心理問(wèn)題之一。長(zhǎng)期或嚴(yán)重的孤獨(dú)感體驗(yàn)對(duì)中學(xué)生身心健康和學(xué)業(yè)水平及生活適應(yīng)能力都有一定的影響。高一新生剛步入高中生涯,由于劇增的學(xué)習(xí)壓力和陌生的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境,更易成為孤獨(dú)感的高發(fā)人群。縱觀過(guò)往研究,對(duì)高一新生孤獨(dú)感現(xiàn)狀及其干預(yù)的調(diào)查研究較少。本研究擬研究高一新生孤獨(dú)感現(xiàn)狀、高一新生孤獨(dú)感與學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)和心理健康水平之間的關(guān)系。篩選部分高孤獨(dú)感個(gè)體進(jìn)行團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)干預(yù),旨在探索孤獨(dú)感干預(yù)的有效途徑,從而降低高一新生孤獨(dú)感水平,促進(jìn)其身心健康發(fā)展。研究一采用問(wèn)卷法對(duì)372名高一新生孤獨(dú)感的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究。結(jié)果表明高一新生孤獨(dú)感體驗(yàn)較高且無(wú)性別差異。孤獨(dú)感與心理健康及其各因子呈顯著相關(guān),孤獨(dú)感水平、心理健康水平均與學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)無(wú)顯著相關(guān)。研究二采用訪談法篩選出20名高孤獨(dú)感新生作為實(shí)驗(yàn)被試,以團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)的形式對(duì)其中10名實(shí)驗(yàn)被試進(jìn)行干預(yù)。通過(guò)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)組和控制組的前后測(cè)比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)對(duì)孤獨(dú)感干預(yù)的效果顯著,團(tuán)體凝聚力、模仿行為、宣泄、希望重塑、普遍性發(fā)現(xiàn)等團(tuán)體治療因子對(duì)降低孤獨(dú)感具有積極作用；同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),合理的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)方案是降低孤獨(dú)感的基本前提,良好的團(tuán)體氛圍是降低孤獨(dú)感的根本保障。在團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)中,成員能在人際學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中提高自己的社交技巧,增加自我效能感與人際交往自信心,能有效降低高一新生孤獨(dú)感水平,從而提高心理健康水平。本研究綜合得出以下結(jié)論：(1)高一新生孤獨(dú)感水平較高且無(wú)顯著的性別差異。(2)孤獨(dú)感與心理健康水平呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)無(wú)顯著相關(guān)。(3)團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)對(duì)高中生孤獨(dú)感干預(yù)效果顯著,能有效降低高中生孤獨(dú)感水平,提高其心理健康水平。(4)本次針對(duì)高孤獨(dú)感個(gè)體制定的“向日葵計(jì)劃”的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)方案合理、有效。
[Abstract]:Loneliness is a subjective psychological maladjustment, is one of the common psychological problems of middle school students.Long-term or severe loneliness experience has certain influence on middle school students' physical and mental health, academic level and life adaptability.Freshmen, who have just entered high school, are more likely to be lonely because of the increasing learning pressure and unfamiliar learning environment.Throughout the past studies, there are few researches on loneliness status and intervention of freshmen in senior high school.This study aims to study the current status of loneliness in freshmen, the relationship between loneliness, academic achievement and mental health.Some individuals with high loneliness were selected to conduct group counseling intervention in order to explore the effective ways of loneliness intervention, so as to reduce the loneliness level of freshmen and promote their physical and mental development.In the first study, 372 freshmen were investigated by questionnaire.The results showed that the high school freshmen had higher loneliness experience and no gender difference.Loneliness was significantly correlated with mental health and its factors, but loneliness and mental health had no significant correlation with academic achievement.In the second study, 20 new students with high loneliness were selected by interview, and 10 of them were treated with group counseling.By comparing the experimental group with the control group before and after the test, we found that group counseling had a significant effect on loneliness intervention, group cohesion, imitation behavior, catharsis, and the hope of remodeling.Group therapy factors such as universal discovery play a positive role in reducing loneliness. At the same time it is found that reasonable group counseling program is the basic premise of reducing loneliness and a good group atmosphere is the fundamental guarantee to reduce loneliness.In group tutoring, members can improve their social skills, self-efficacy and interpersonal self-confidence in the process of interpersonal learning, can effectively reduce the level of loneliness of freshmen, and thus improve the level of mental health.In this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) the loneliness level of freshmen in senior high school is relatively high and there is no significant gender difference between loneliness and mental health, and there is a significant negative correlation between loneliness and mental health.There was no significant correlation between group counseling and academic achievement. (3) Group counseling had a significant effect on high school students' loneliness, and could effectively reduce the level of loneliness of senior high school students.Improve their mental health level. 4) the group counseling program for the individuals with high loneliness is reasonable and effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842.2

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