【摘要】：族群認同和文化認同問題成為近些年學術界關注的熱點,族群意識對古代社會的政治、文化、民族關系都產生了重要的影響。因而希臘人與蠻族人之間的關系也成為關注的焦點。 與我們古代的夷狄之說相類似,作為西方文明的發(fā)源地古代希臘,也存在蠻族人之說,古希臘人對蠻族人的稱呼“barbaroi”最初偶然用于嘲笑外族語言的詞語。隨著歷史的變遷,希臘民族意識、民族優(yōu)越感逐漸強烈,“barbaroi”演變成一個同“希臘人”相對立的概念,構成對一切非希臘人的蔑稱,而“barbaroi”缺乏理性、缺乏政治自由、野蠻兇殘、且天生具有奴性。 荷馬時代希臘人與非希臘人之間沒有明顯區(qū)別。公元前5世紀初期,特別是希波戰(zhàn)爭之后,通過蠻族人形象的建構和刻畫,希臘人形成了自己的族群與文化認同。希臘人與蠻族人兩分的對立觀念也得以確立。伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭之后,希臘民族危機加劇,東征波斯的論調流行,希臘人蔑視蠻族人的傾向達到歷史最高峰。但是隨著亞歷山大東征,希臘古典文化的傳播,人人皆平等的世界大同思想取代了希臘人與蠻族人之間的敵對意識,開始轉向合作。 筆者試從“barbaroi”的詞源學角度分析這一詞的詞義,并從不同歷史時期古典著作家的著作入手,著力分析對待蠻族人態(tài)度的變化。需要指出的是,鑒于筆者對于相關文獻資料收集和整理上的欠缺、可資利用的材料有限以及本人希臘語、法語等語言水平的有限,本文的寫作上尚有諸多不足之處,有待不斷完善。
[Abstract]:Ethnic identity and cultural identity have become the focus of academic attention in recent years, ethnic consciousness has an important impact on the politics, culture and ethnic relations in ancient society. Therefore, the relationship between Greeks and barbarians also became the focus of attention. As the birthplace of Western civilization, ancient Greece also had barbarian people's view. The ancient Greeks used the term "barbaroi" to ridicule foreign languages by chance. With the change of history, Greek national consciousness and ethnocentrism gradually became stronger. "barbaroi" developed into a concept opposed to "Greek", forming a disparaging term for all non-Greeks, while "barbaroi" lacked rationality and political freedom. Savage and ferocious, and natural servility. There was no obvious difference between Greek and non-Greek in Homer time. In the early 5th century BC, especially after the Hebo War, the Greeks formed their ethnic and cultural identity through the construction and portrayal of the images of the barbarians. The opposite idea of the Greeks and the barbarians was also established. After the Peloponnesian War, the Greek national crisis intensified, the Eastern invasion of Persia popular, the Greek tendency to despise the barbarians reached a historical peak. However, with the spread of classical Greek culture and Alexander's eastward expedition, the idea of universal homogeneity replaced the hostility between the Greeks and the barbarians and began to cooperate. The author tries to analyze the etymological meaning of "barbaroi" from the perspective of etymology, and analyzes the change of attitude towards barbarians from the works of classical writers in different historical periods. It should be pointed out that, in view of the lack of the collection and collation of relevant literature, the limited materials available and the limited proficiency of my Greek and French languages, there are still many deficiencies in the writing of this thesis. It has yet to be perfected.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K125

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本文編號：2234399