【摘要】：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束之后,澳大利亞為了鞏固國(guó)防和發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)急需大量人口。在其傳統(tǒng)的移民來源地英國(guó)不能滿足需要的情況下,澳大利亞按照自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和程序從歐洲大陸挑選接收了大量的難民,從而拉開了澳大利亞大規(guī)模接收難民的序幕。1970年代中期,越南戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的失敗導(dǎo)致部分印度支那船民前往澳大利亞尋求庇護(hù),他們的到來引起了澳大利亞社會(huì)的關(guān)注,迫使澳大利亞政府不得不檢討其移民政策,并于1977年制定了首個(gè)官方的難民政策,強(qiáng)調(diào)了對(duì)船民的控制進(jìn)入。1989年柬埔寨船民抵達(dá)澳大利亞,聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)他們進(jìn)行了拘留關(guān)押并審查他們的難民申請(qǐng),只有符合難民定義的避難尋求者才能被授予難民身份,由此形成了霍克、基廷時(shí)期的強(qiáng)制拘留的難民政策。在霍華德聯(lián)盟黨執(zhí)政時(shí)期,為了應(yīng)對(duì)數(shù)目眾多的來自中東的船民,霍華德利用“坦帕事件”出臺(tái)了“太平洋解決方案”,實(shí)施了境外關(guān)押的難民政策,進(jìn)一步突出了對(duì)船民的控制與阻止。
[Abstract]:After the end of World War II, Australia needed a large population to consolidate its defence and develop its economy. With its traditional source of immigrants, Britain, unable to meet its needs, Australia has selected large numbers of refugees from the continent in accordance with its own criteria and procedures. In the mid-1970s, the defeat of the Vietnam War led some Indochina boat people to seek asylum in Australia, and their arrival aroused the concern of Australian society. Forced the Australian Government to review its immigration policy and, in 1977, formulated the first official refugee policy, emphasizing the control of boat people entering the country. In 1989, Cambodian boat people arrived in Australia, The federal government detained them and examined their refugee claims, and only asylum seekers who met the definition of refugees were granted refugee status, resulting in a policy of forced detention during the Hawk, Keating period. In order to deal with the large number of boat people from the Middle East, Howard used the "Tampa incident" to issue a "Pacific settlement" to implement the policy of refugees held abroad. Further highlighted the control and prevention of boat people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K611

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 沈威;澳大利亞難民政策的變化（2001-2011）：從“太平洋解決方案”到“馬來西亞解決方案”[D];華東師范大學(xué);2012年

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