本文選題：中東 + 民間社團　； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：在中東地區(qū),民間社團廣泛的參與了社會生活的各個方面,作用很大。中東地區(qū)的民間社團是在該地區(qū)獨特的歷史環(huán)境下產(chǎn)生的,宗教因素、地理因素、歷史因素、政治發(fā)展情況都對民家社團的產(chǎn)生有影響。民間社團適應(yīng)中東社會的需要,自從中世紀(jì)產(chǎn)生直到現(xiàn)在一直延續(xù)下來。民間社團的類型根據(jù)其成立的原因和在社會中活動的領(lǐng)域可以分為宗教社團、職業(yè)社團、保護人一委托人社團、社區(qū)社團。 根據(jù)對中東地區(qū)民間社團的分析,可以發(fā)現(xiàn),民間社團在中東地區(qū)的社會中是客觀存在的。在中世紀(jì),民間社團在統(tǒng)治者和被統(tǒng)治者之間發(fā)揮了橋梁的作用,調(diào)節(jié)了雙方的關(guān)系,在社會生活中,因為相關(guān)制度不健全,社會生活存在很多不確定因素,這就為民間社團發(fā)揮作用提供了舞臺。不同類型的民間社團各自在相關(guān)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮作用,總體來看是維護了社會秩序和人們生活的穩(wěn)定。進入現(xiàn)代社會后,中東地區(qū)發(fā)生了深刻的變化,但是現(xiàn)代民族國家的建立、經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展并沒有消除民間社團存在的土壤,同時中東地區(qū)社會的劇烈變化產(chǎn)生了很多社會問題,現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展影響到了不同社會階層的利益,在這樣的背景下民間社團不僅繼續(xù)存在,而且更加廣泛的參與到了社會生活中。由于民間社團在中東地區(qū)的作用和影響是客觀存在的,有必要對于民間社團進行系統(tǒng)的研究,以利于中東研究的深入。 根據(jù)目前筆者掌握的資料,對于民間社團我國學(xué)術(shù)界還沒有進行過系統(tǒng)的研究。為了有利于中東研究的深入和細化,筆者選定民間社團作為研究的題目,在掌握有關(guān)材料的基礎(chǔ)上,對于民間社團的產(chǎn)生原因,類型,在中東地區(qū)歷史上的作用,在現(xiàn)代社會產(chǎn)生的變化,做了分析。同時以伊朗為例具體分析了民間社團在現(xiàn)代社會的變化發(fā)展情況和作用。 通過相關(guān)研究,筆者認(rèn)為,民間社團在中東地區(qū)會繼續(xù)存在。民間社團的作用要受到所在社會政治、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展情況的影響。如果中東地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟情況不斷得到改善,社會問題得到妥善的處理。民間社團會對社會的穩(wěn)定作出貢獻;如果中東地區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟情況沒有得到改善,就要注意民間社團可能發(fā)揮的破壞社會秩序的作用。
[Abstract]:In the Middle East, civil society is widely involved in all aspects of social life. The civil society in the Middle East is produced under the unique historical environment of the region. Religious factors, geographical factors, historical factors and political developments all have an impact on the emergence of the folk society. Civil society adapted to the needs of the Middle East society, since the emergence of the Middle Ages until now has continued. According to the reasons of its establishment and the field of activities in society, the types of civil society can be divided into religious community, professional association, protector / trustor association and community association. According to the analysis of the civil society in the Middle East, it can be found that the civil society exists objectively in the society of the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, the civil society played a role as a bridge between the ruler and the ruled, regulating the relationship between the two sides. In social life, there are many uncertain factors in social life because the relevant system is not perfect. This provides a stage for civil society to play a role. Different types of civil society play their respective roles in the relevant fields, generally speaking, they maintain social order and the stability of people's life. After entering the modern society, profound changes have taken place in the Middle East region. However, the establishment of the modern nation-state and the development of the economy have not eliminated the soil of the existence of civil society. At the same time, the violent changes in the society in the Middle East region have produced many social problems. The development of modern economy has affected the interests of different social strata. Under this background, civil society not only continues to exist, but also participates more extensively in social life. As the role and influence of civil society in the Middle East is objective, it is necessary to make a systematic study of the civil society in order to facilitate the further study of the Middle East. According to the information the author has, there has been no systematic research on the civil society in China. In order to help the study of the Middle East in depth and refinement, the author chooses the civil society as the research topic, on the basis of mastering the relevant materials, the causes, types and functions of the civil society in the history of the Middle East region. The changes in modern society are analyzed. At the same time, taking Iran as an example, it analyzes the development and function of civil society in modern society. Through relevant research, I believe that civil society in the Middle East will continue to exist. The role of civil society should be affected by the social, political and economic development. If the political and economic situation in the Middle East continues to improve, social problems will be properly dealt with. Civil society will contribute to social stability; if the political and economic situation in the Middle East has not improved, attention should be paid to the role that civil society may play in disrupting social order.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K37

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