本文關(guān)鍵詞： 歐盟治理 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理 全球治理 非傳統(tǒng)安全 多層治理　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)作為20世紀(jì)最偉大的發(fā)明之一,極大地改變了人類生產(chǎn)生活方式,網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛擬空間也已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展?jié)B透于政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和安全等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,成為各國關(guān)注的“第五域”。與此同時(shí),網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間本身存在的技術(shù)和安全漏洞造成了網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊威脅,而傳統(tǒng)的安全隱患與之相結(jié)合形成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪、網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義等非傳統(tǒng)安全問題也呈現(xiàn)出愈加復(fù)雜的趨勢,成為全球性的治理難題。歐盟因其獨(dú)特的地理文化環(huán)境、電信產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展歷程以及歐洲一體化背景,形成了其網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理碎片化和一體化并存、傳統(tǒng)威脅與新型隱患交織的復(fù)雜局勢。通過從源頭上追溯互聯(lián)網(wǎng)在歐洲扎根、應(yīng)用并快速普及的歷史,描述歐盟電信業(yè)的和網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展的概況,可以總結(jié)出歐盟面臨的不斷更新的治理難題,以此為對象形成歐盟網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理的目標(biāo)和原則。歐盟網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理的短期目標(biāo)是遏制網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施造成的危害、減少網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪引發(fā)的損失、預(yù)防網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義事件的發(fā)生,長期目標(biāo)則是增強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)防御能力、在歐盟內(nèi)建設(shè)一體化的網(wǎng)絡(luò)防御體系、促進(jìn)歐美認(rèn)同的全球網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理理念和機(jī)制。在此目標(biāo)指導(dǎo)下,歐盟建立了網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全法律框架與組織體系相結(jié)合的治理機(jī)制,在“歐盟-成員國-民間”三個(gè)層面上調(diào)動各利益攸關(guān)方參與到治理進(jìn)程中。歐盟網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理實(shí)踐大致可分為三個(gè)階段:20世紀(jì)末的網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)安全治理階段、2001年“9.11事件”后的網(wǎng)絡(luò)非傳統(tǒng)安全綜合治理階段和2013年“棱鏡門事件”后頂層設(shè)計(jì)和全面治理階段。隨著歐盟網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理進(jìn)程的推進(jìn),歐盟各機(jī)構(gòu)和各國間協(xié)調(diào)更加有力,治理措施日益豐富并取得了顯著的成效,體現(xiàn)出鮮明的共同體特色。除了網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全內(nèi)部實(shí)踐,歐盟也重視與全球其他行為體的合作。在歐盟對外行動署和各國外事部門的協(xié)調(diào)下,歐盟積極參加聯(lián)合國、國際電聯(lián)、ICANN(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)名稱與數(shù)字地址分配機(jī)構(gòu))等多邊機(jī)構(gòu)的合作,參與并組織召開全球網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理會議,力促國際網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全公約的形成。歐盟與美國以其相似的治理理念和共同利益,雙方保持著密切的雙邊合作,積極維護(hù)歐美理念下的國際網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間秩序。但隨著歐盟內(nèi)外局勢的惡化,歐盟也日益重視與廣大欠發(fā)達(dá)國家和新興國家的互動,在治理“數(shù)字鴻溝”、聯(lián)合打擊地中海周邊網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義、治理網(wǎng)絡(luò)走私詐騙犯罪、共同應(yīng)對網(wǎng)絡(luò)霸權(quán)主義等問題上與亞非拉國家和金磚國家開展合作,以保障其域內(nèi)網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全局勢并增強(qiáng)國際網(wǎng)絡(luò)治理話語權(quán)。經(jīng)過二十余年的治理,歐盟網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全防御能力得到了大幅提升,在遏制網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪和網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義方面成果顯著,歐盟的網(wǎng)絡(luò)價(jià)值理念也受到了一定的國際認(rèn)同。然而,歐盟的治理體制和措施仍存在諸多問題,隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的不斷迭代發(fā)展,新的更棘手的問題層出不窮,對歐盟的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)。通過研究歐盟的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全治理,對我國的網(wǎng)絡(luò)治理和與歐盟開展相關(guān)合作也有一定的參考和指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Internet technology as one of the greatest inventions of twentieth Century, has greatly changed the mode of production and life, the network virtual space has also expanded penetration in the political, economic, cultural and security fields, become the attention of all countries in the "fifth field". At the same time, the network itself has the space technology and security vulnerabilities caused by network attacks the traditional security threats, and combined with the formation of cyber crime, cyber terrorism and other non-traditional security issues is also showing a more complex trend, become the governance problem worldwide. The EU because of its unique geographical and cultural environment, the development of telecom industry and the background of European integration, the formation of the coexistence of its network security governance fragmentation the complex situation and integration, intertwined traditional threat and risks. By tracing the model from the source of the Internet root in Europe, should be used and fast The popularity of the history, the development of the description of the telecommunications industry and the network, can be summed up in the EU is facing renewed governance problems, so as to form the objectives and principles of the EU network security governance as the object. The short-term goal of EU cybersecurity governance is to curb the harm of network attacks on the infrastructure by reducing network loss, cause of crime the prevention of terrorism, network events, the long-term goal is to enhance network defense capabilities, network defense system integration in the EU, to promote global governance and network security identity concept and mechanism. This goal under the guidance of the EU has established a governance mechanism that combines network security legal framework and organization system, in the "three a level of EU members - Folk" mobilize all stakeholders to participate in the governance process. The governance practice of network security can be divided into Three stages: the stage of network security governance data at the end of twentieth Century, in 2001 the "9.11 incident" after the network of non traditional security comprehensive management stage and the 2013 "prism" after the top-level design and overall governance stage. With the network security management to promote the process of EU institutions and coordination among the countries more powerful measures increasingly rich and have achieved remarkable results, reflect the distinctive characteristics of the community. In addition to internal network security practice, the EU also attaches great importance to the cooperation with other global behavior. In the coordination of EU external action department and the foreign affairs department, the EU actively participated in the UN, ITU, ICANN (ICANN) multilateral agencies such as cooperation, participate in and organize the global network security management conference, urged the International Convention for the safety of network formation. The European Union and the United States similar to its The concept of governance and common interests, the two sides have maintained close bilateral cooperation, to maintain international order in cyberspace and ideas. But with the deterioration of the situation inside and outside the European Union, the European Union also pay more attention to the interaction with less developed countries and emerging countries, in the governance of the "digital divide", the joint fight against cyber terrorism around the Mediterranean, governance network smuggling crime, jointly cope with the network hegemony problems with African countries and the BRICs cooperation, in order to protect the security situation in the domain of network and strengthen the international network governance discourse. After twenty years of governance, the network security defense ability has been greatly improved, to curb cyber crime and cyber terrorism with remarkable achievements. The concept of value network to the EU has also received certain international recognition. However, management system and measures of the EU still exists in many With the continuous, iterative development of network technology, more difficult problems emerge in an endless stream of new, puts forward new challenges to network security governance in the European Union. Through the study of network security governance in the European Union, the network governance in China and the European Union to carry out the relevant and also has certain reference and guiding significance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D814.1;TP393.08
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本文編號：1530672