發(fā)布時間：2018-06-04 02:08

  本文選題：河南民權(quán)縣 + 龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)　； 參考：《廣西大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文采用發(fā)放問卷實地調(diào)查研究、收益-成本分析、比較分析和實證分析等理論與實踐相結(jié)合的方法,根據(jù)觀察調(diào)研和分析龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村的村莊建設情況和現(xiàn)狀特質(zhì),對河南省民權(quán)縣龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村新農(nóng)村建設中“空心村”形成的主要原因及對策進行了研究,得到了龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良翱招拇濉钡囊恍┲匾鐣?jīng)濟數(shù)據(jù)；找到了“空心村”形成的原因、特征和形成原因；提出了解決“空心村”問題的對策。經(jīng)過定性和定量分析,所得結(jié)果如下：1、龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村的“空心村”具有以下現(xiàn)狀：(1)在快速工業(yè)化和城市化的民權(quán)縣龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良翱招拇濉钡男蝿萑遮厙谰?人口空心化明顯,土地利用效率比較低,村莊外圍的建設用地快速增長,且擴張呈現(xiàn)沿交通要道、城鎮(zhèn)的趨向,具備“空心村”的一般性特征；(2)村莊的整體社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平與村莊空心化程度呈正相關(guān)。即外出務工人員數(shù)量越多,村莊空心化程度越高,人均收入水平越高,村莊空心化程度越高；(3)村莊一戶多宅現(xiàn)象普遍,龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村,擁有3處以上宅基地戶數(shù)占宅基地總戶數(shù)平均值為10.55%,擁有2處以上宅基地戶數(shù)占宅基地總戶數(shù)平均值為30.02%,村莊人均廢棄閑置宅基地0.21公頃,“空心村”現(xiàn)象相當嚴重；(4)村莊總體上表現(xiàn)為規(guī)模小、數(shù)量多、布局分散,個體上表現(xiàn)為占地規(guī)模大,村莊結(jié)構(gòu)松疏,布局混亂,占用耕地較多,環(huán)境質(zhì)量低劣,加劇了村內(nèi)大片土地的閑置和村莊向外圍的無序擴張,出現(xiàn)嚴重的“空心村”現(xiàn)象；(5)從2002年開始,龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村“空心村”不斷擴大的趨勢得以遏制,轉(zhuǎn)而進入治理期,然而,由于沒有相關(guān)的治理措施與堅強的領導班子,加上沒有上級的政策支持,龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)的“空心村”的治理效果并不明顯。2、造成龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)“空心村”的具體原因如下：(1)主要是過于注重物質(zhì)層面,內(nèi)部布局混亂,土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)不合理；(2)“空心村”用地數(shù)量大,土地利用率低,資金缺乏或者不足；(3)“空心村”污染嚴重,環(huán)境質(zhì)量差,村莊建設規(guī)劃滯后,基礎設施缺乏,基層政府的不作為和對“空心戶”概念的忽視；(4)政策缺乏針對性,政府沒有政策扶持,反而有政策約束；(5)村民思想觀念落后,土地保護意識淡��；(6)城市化進程加快,城市化不完全和宅基地永久使用的福利性質(zhì)等。3、在具體分析了“空心村”對龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良慕?jīng)濟社會發(fā)展所造成的危害,結(jié)合龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良摹翱招拇濉钡默F(xiàn)狀,參考已有的相關(guān)國內(nèi)外研究,最終提出了具體的治理思路：(1)加大宣傳教育力度,轉(zhuǎn)變農(nóng)民思想觀念,培訓新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民；(2)健全組織管理機構(gòu),加強相關(guān)政府職能部門協(xié)調(diào)配合,提高基層干部隊伍素質(zhì),成立村、鎮(zhèn)兩級政府專門的領導小組；(3)重視“空心戶”老人住房治理,創(chuàng)新機制、加大扶持,引導村民集中；(4)完善政策法規(guī),出臺鼓勵開展村莊整治實施的意見,增強政策針對性；(5)搞好試點、穩(wěn)步推進,加快發(fā)展循環(huán)農(nóng)業(yè)和生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè),建設一個資源利潤率高、生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)良的、富裕發(fā)達的、清潔文明的現(xiàn)代化新農(nóng)村,從而徹底治理“空心村”現(xiàn)象；(6)改革戶籍制度,創(chuàng)新農(nóng)村社保制度,妥善安置有能力脫離土地并居住于城鎮(zhèn)的居民;(7)制定村一級的建設與整治的科學發(fā)展規(guī)劃,加大執(zhí)法監(jiān)察和用地審批管理的力度,加強村莊內(nèi)部的整治力度,嚴防新的土地資源浪費；(8)加強產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和基礎設施建設,拓寬“空心村”治理融資渠道,促進當?shù)亟?jīng)濟發(fā)展；(9)加快推進我國城鄉(xiāng)分離的二元經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)向一元化的轉(zhuǎn)變與社會主義新農(nóng)村建設相結(jié)合,促進城鄉(xiāng)一體化。綜上所述,本文通過實地調(diào)研與調(diào)查問卷方法,對龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良糠洲r(nóng)村的農(nóng)民的收入情況、工作情況、外出務工人數(shù)、耕地耕種情況和宅基地情況等進行調(diào)查分析,總結(jié)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計結(jié)果。表明龍?zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村農(nóng)村“空心村”問題已經(jīng)成為阻礙農(nóng)村村民提高生活質(zhì)量、改善居住水平的一個嚴重制約因素。同時,也不利于我國社會主義新農(nóng)村的建設。所以對于“空心村”以及圍繞“空心村”的一系列問題,必須予以快速、合理、有效的解決,本文在資金資源、研究水平、農(nóng)村的調(diào)查范圍和數(shù)量、人力以及時間等方面的限制條件下,致力于創(chuàng)新研究思路和方法選擇,希望能夠?qū)執(zhí)伶?zhèn)龍?zhí)良?個村的“空心村”整治改造提供借鑒參考,為農(nóng)村社會、經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境建設服務,為城鄉(xiāng)協(xié)調(diào)的網(wǎng)絡化建設提供決策支持,并在綜合研究方面為建設社會主義新農(nóng)村提供科學依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we use the method of questionnaire field investigation, income cost analysis, comparative analysis and empirical analysis in combination of theory and practice, according to observation and analysis and analysis of the village construction situation and status of the 5 villages in Longtang Zhenlong Tong, the "hollow village" in the construction of 5 villages in the Zhenlong pond of Longtang, Minquan County, Henan province. The main reasons and countermeasures were studied, and some important social and economic data of the "hollow village" in Zhenlong Tangtang, long Tang, were obtained. The reasons for the formation of the "hollow village" were found, the causes were found and the countermeasures to solve the "hollow village" were put forward. The results were as follows: 1, Zhenlong Tong in Long Tong The "hollow village" of 5 villages has the following status: (1) the situation of "hollow village" in Longtang, Longtang, Zhenlong, which is rapidly industrialized and urbanized, is becoming more and more severe, the population is hollow, the efficiency of land use is relatively low, the construction land outside the village grows rapidly, and the expansion presents along the traffic main road, the trend of town and the "empty". The general characteristics of the village "heart village"; (2) the overall social and economic development level of the village has a positive correlation with the degree of village hollowing. That is, the more migrant workers, the higher the degree of village hollowing, the higher the per capita income level, the higher the degree of the village hollowing; (3) the village one household is common, and the Zhenlong pond in the dragon pond has 5 villages and has 3. The average number of the number of household land accounts for the total number of homestead is 10.55%, and the average number of 2 or more homestead accounts for the average number of the total number of homestead is 30.02%, the village per capita is abandoned 0.21 hectares of idle land, and the "hollow village" is quite serious. (4) the village is generally small in scale, more in quantity, scattered in layout, and in the individual on the scale of land. Large, the structure of the village is loose, the layout is chaotic, the occupation of cultivated land is more, the quality of the environment is inferior, which aggravates the unused land in the village and the unordered expansion of the village to the periphery, and there is a serious "hollow village" phenomenon. (5) from 2002, the trend of the continuous expansion of the "hollow village" in the 5 villages of the dragon pond, Zhenlong pond has been kept in control and entered the period of governance, However, due to the lack of relevant governance measures and strong leadership, plus no superior policy support, the governance effect of "hollow village" in Long Tang town is not obvious.2. The specific reasons for the "hollow village" in Long Tang town are as follows: (1) the main reasons are too much attention to the material level, the internal layout is chaotic, and the land use structure is not reasonable; (2) "Hollow village" has a large number of land use, low land use rate, lack of funds or lack of funds; (3) "hollow village" pollution is serious, environmental quality is poor, village construction planning is lagging behind, infrastructure lacks, basic government's inaction and the concept of "hollow household" are ignored; (4) the policy is lack of pertinence, the government has no policy support, but policy agreement on the contrary. (5) (5) the villagers' ideas and ideas are backward, and the consciousness of land protection is weak; (6) the accelerated urbanization process, the incomplete urbanization and the welfare nature of the permanent use of the homestead are the specific analysis of the hazards caused by the "hollow village" on the economic and social development of the Zhenlong Tangtang collection in Long Tang, and the present situation of the "hollow village" in the Tangtang Zhenlong pond. Examination of the relevant domestic and foreign research, and finally put forward specific management ideas: (1) increasing publicity and education, changing the concept of farmers, training new type of professional farmers; (2) improving the organization and management institutions, strengthening the coordination of relevant government functional departments, improving the quality of grass-roots cadres, the establishment of village, the township two level government special leadership of the small government Group: (3) pay attention to the housing management of "hollow household" old people, innovation mechanism, increase support, guide the villagers to concentrate; (4) perfect policy and regulations, introduce suggestions to encourage the implementation of village renovation, strengthen policy pertinence; (5) make good experiments, steadily push forward, accelerate the development of circular agriculture and ecological agriculture, build a high profit rate of resources, ecological ring Excellent, prosperous and clean and civilized modern rural areas, thus thoroughly governing the "hollow village" phenomenon; (6) reform the household registration system, innovate the rural social security system, properly resett the residents who have the ability to escape from the land and live in the cities and towns; (7) make a scientific development plan for the construction and renovation of the village level, and increase the supervision and use of law enforcement and land. The strength of the examination and approval management should be strengthened to strengthen the renovation of the village and prevent the new waste of land resources. (8) strengthening the adjustment of the industrial structure and the construction of the infrastructure, widening the financing channels of the "hollow village" and promoting the development of the local economy; (9) speeding up the transformation of the two yuan economic structure from the urban and rural areas to the socialist new transformation and the new socialism With the combination of rural construction, the integration of urban and rural areas is promoted. In summary, through field investigation and questionnaire method, this paper makes a survey and Analysis on the income situation, work situation, work number, cultivated situation and homestead situation of rural farmers in Zhenlong Tangtang, long Tang, and summarizes the results of data statistics. It shows that the Zhenlong Tangtang pond in Long Tang Dynasty. The problem of "hollow village" in 5 villages has become a serious restriction factor that hinders the rural villagers to improve their quality of life and improve their living standards. At the same time, it is also not conducive to the construction of a new socialist countryside in China. Therefore, the "hollow village" and a series of problems surrounding the "hollow village" must be quickly, reasonably and effectively solved. In the end, this paper, under the conditions of capital resources, research level, the scope and quantity of rural investigation, manpower and time, is committed to innovative research ideas and methods, and hopes to provide reference for the renovation and renovation of the "hollow village" of 5 villages in Zhenlong Tong, long Tang, and serve the rural society, economy and environment. The coordinated network construction in rural areas provides decision support and provides scientific basis for building a new socialist countryside in comprehensive research.
【學位授予單位】：廣西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F327

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