本文選題：公共運(yùn)輸 + 價(jià)值鏈管理�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放特別是近二十年以來,伴隨著城鎮(zhèn)化的迅速發(fā)展、民眾需求的增長(zhǎng)以及改善環(huán)境、節(jié)約能源等多方面的訴求,國務(wù)院有關(guān)部委圍繞城市公共交通的發(fā)展出臺(tái)了多個(gè)意見,如國家建設(shè)部、發(fā)改委、財(cái)政部、勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)保障部四部委《關(guān)于優(yōu)先發(fā)展城市公共交通若干經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的意見》(建城[2006]288號(hào))、《國務(wù)院關(guān)于城市優(yōu)先發(fā)展公共交通的指導(dǎo)意見》(國發(fā)[2012]64號(hào))等文件,把優(yōu)先發(fā)展城市公共交通放在了城市發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略位置。在此背景下,城市公共交通迅速發(fā)展。以滿足大眾日常交通出行需要為出發(fā)點(diǎn),公共交通在定價(jià)上實(shí)施了大眾消費(fèi)水平的低定價(jià),成為了公益性質(zhì)的服務(wù)業(yè)。為確保公交系統(tǒng)的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),國家對(duì)公交企業(yè)實(shí)行“無條件兜底政策”,進(jìn)行巨額補(bǔ)貼。然而,此舉雖然大大減輕了公交企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營壓力,卻造成了公交企業(yè)社會(huì)效益得到滿足、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益日益下降的局面。在財(cái)政無條件兜底情況下,公交企業(yè)運(yùn)營效率低下,服務(wù)水平難以提升。資源浪費(fèi)嚴(yán)重,內(nèi)耗中虧損加大等問題日益突出,給國家財(cái)政造成較大的壓力。另一方面,伴隨著我國綜合國力的不斷提升和我國居民生活水平的不斷提升,我國群眾對(duì)于公交、地鐵、航空公司等交通運(yùn)輸服務(wù)行業(yè)的消費(fèi)服務(wù)需求也呈現(xiàn)出了新的特點(diǎn)。伴隨著生活節(jié)奏的變快和生活水平的提升,百姓對(duì)公交這種交通運(yùn)輸服務(wù)的要求也在逐漸提升,對(duì)于服務(wù)的質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)出了更高的要求和更多樣化的需求。因此,為了迎合時(shí)代的發(fā)展,滿足大眾消費(fèi)者的新式需求,公交企業(yè)有必要不斷提升自身服務(wù)能力和綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。對(duì)于構(gòu)成企業(yè)價(jià)值鏈的各個(gè)單元、各個(gè)活動(dòng)來說,拆分得越清晰我們就越清楚創(chuàng)造企業(yè)價(jià)值的各個(gè)單元、各個(gè)活動(dòng)之間的關(guān)系,從而幫助企業(yè)提升綜合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。基于以上分析,本文得出對(duì)公交運(yùn)輸企業(yè)的價(jià)值鏈進(jìn)行分析是非常具有研究?jī)r(jià)值的。但是,公交企業(yè)基本價(jià)值活動(dòng)不同于制造企業(yè),一定要切實(shí)結(jié)合公交行業(yè)資深的獨(dú)特屬性,從其自身角度出發(fā)對(duì)其企業(yè)價(jià)值鏈進(jìn)行搭建,從而切實(shí)了解企業(yè)生產(chǎn)運(yùn)營流轉(zhuǎn)過程中各個(gè)鏈條的價(jià)值優(yōu)劣勢(shì),有的放矢地對(duì)內(nèi)部?jī)r(jià)值系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性優(yōu)化和升級(jí)。本文以長(zhǎng)春公交集團(tuán)這一實(shí)體作為研究的主要對(duì)象,通過對(duì)長(zhǎng)春公交集團(tuán)內(nèi)部?jī)r(jià)值鏈的各個(gè)鏈條環(huán)節(jié)運(yùn)作現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行深入了解和剖析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其中存在的問題以及導(dǎo)致問題存在的具體原因,并結(jié)合自身所學(xué)對(duì)問題的解決提出具體的優(yōu)化對(duì)策和方案,致力于使長(zhǎng)春公交集團(tuán)在滿足社會(huì)效益的同時(shí),盡量提升自身綜合運(yùn)營服務(wù)能力,努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最大化,兼顧股東的利益并盡量減輕國家經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。也希望由此可以促進(jìn)長(zhǎng)春公交行業(yè)總體管理水平的提高,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)、健康發(fā)展的目的。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, especially in the past two decades, with the rapid development of urbanization, the growth of people's demand and the demands of improving the environment and saving energy, and so on, The relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council have issued several opinions on the development of urban public transport, such as the Ministry of Construction, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, Opinions of the four Ministries of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security on some Economic policies on giving priority to the Development of Urban Public Transport (Founding of the City [2006] 288, and the State Council's guiding opinion on giving priority to Urban Development of Public Transport) (Guofa [2012] 64), and other documents, Giving priority to the development of urban public transport is an important strategic position of urban development. Under this background, urban public transportation develops rapidly. In order to meet the daily travel needs of the public, public transport has implemented the low pricing of the mass consumption level in pricing, which has become the service industry of commonweal nature. In order to ensure the normal operation of the public transport system, the state carries out "unconditional bottom-pocketing policy" for public transport enterprises and carries out huge subsidies. However, although this has greatly reduced the pressure on the production and management of public transport enterprises, it has resulted in a situation in which the social benefits of public transport enterprises are satisfied and the economic benefits are declining day by day. In the case of unconditional financial situation, the operation efficiency of public transport enterprises is low, and the service level is difficult to improve. The serious waste of resources and the increasing loss in internal friction are becoming more and more serious and exert great pressure on the national finance. On the other hand, with the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive national strength and the continuous improvement of the living standards of Chinese residents, the consumer service demand of the mass transit, subway, airline and other transportation service industries has also shown new characteristics. With the rapid pace of life and the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for public transport services are also gradually rising, for the quality of service has shown a higher demand and more diversified demand. Therefore, in order to meet the development of the times and meet the new needs of mass consumers, it is necessary for public transport enterprises to continuously improve their service capacity and comprehensive competitiveness. For each unit of the enterprise value chain, each activity, the more clearly we split it, the more clearly we will know the various units that create the value of the enterprise, the relationship between the various activities, thus helping the enterprise to enhance its comprehensive competitiveness. Based on the above analysis, this paper concludes that the analysis of the value chain of public transport enterprises is of great value. However, the basic value activities of public transport enterprises are different from those of manufacturing enterprises. It is necessary to combine the unique attributes of the senior public transport industry and build the enterprise value chain from its own point of view. In order to understand the value advantages and disadvantages of each chain in the process of production and operation circulation, the internal value system is systematically optimized and upgraded. This paper takes Changchun Public Transport Group as the main object of study, through in-depth understanding and analysis of the operating status of each chain of the internal value chain of Changchun Public Transport Group. Find out the existing problems and the specific causes of the problems, and combine with their own learning to solve the problem to put forward specific optimization strategies and programs, committed to make Changchun Public Transport Group to meet the social benefits at the same time, We should try our best to improve our comprehensive operation and service ability, make great efforts to maximize economic benefits, give consideration to the interests of shareholders and lighten the national economic burden as far as possible. It is also hoped that this will promote the improvement of the overall management level of Changchun bus industry, and finally achieve the goal of sustained and healthy development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F572.6;F570.5

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