本文選題：社會救助支出　切入點：慈善捐贈　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,伴隨著我國經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展和人民生活水平顯著提高的同時,收入差距進(jìn)一步拉大,社會矛盾激化,城鄉(xiāng)貧困人口數(shù)量居高不下等問題也進(jìn)一步涌現(xiàn)。人們逐漸意識到,建立由政府主導(dǎo)的社會保障制度來確保當(dāng)前的社會需求固然重要,但是單靠政府公共財政支持這一體系是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。在這樣的背景下,慈善作為第三次收入分配的"溫柔之手",悄然步入了我們的視野。自1981年我國建立具有半官方性質(zhì)的中國少年兒童基金會,到2004年黨的十六屆四中全會第一次明確提出要"健全社會保險、社會救助、社會福利和慈善事業(yè)相銜接的社會保障體系",再到審議良久的《慈善法》終于在2016年得以落地,在建國后歷經(jīng)一波三折的我國的慈善事業(yè),終于再次迎來了蓬勃發(fā)展的春天。與我國慈善事業(yè)一起得到迅速發(fā)展的還有對各個學(xué)科對于慈善的學(xué)術(shù)研究。國內(nèi)學(xué)者從不同角度,采用不同方法,細(xì)致剖析著我國慈善事業(yè)的發(fā)展步履,以期能夠為我國慈善事業(yè)的健康穩(wěn)步發(fā)展提供客觀嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)慕ㄗh。本文所關(guān)注的問題則是對于我國慈善捐贈擠出效應(yīng)的研究。實質(zhì)上關(guān)于慈善捐贈擠出效應(yīng)的研究在許多歐美國家的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域早已不是一個新的命題,但在我國專門對于這一問題的研究卻寥寥可數(shù),甚至對于慈善捐贈行為的專門研究都不太豐富。有鑒于此,本文在總結(jié)和歸納國內(nèi)外在這一主題上的研究狀況的基礎(chǔ)上,利用1997年至2014年我國省級政府社會救助支出和慈善捐贈數(shù)據(jù),構(gòu)建靜態(tài)面板數(shù)據(jù),實證檢驗了我國政府社會救助支出對于民間慈善捐贈的擠出效應(yīng)。實證結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),我國政府在社會救助方面的公共財政支出確實對民間慈善捐贈行為產(chǎn)生了較為顯著的擠出效應(yīng),但擠出程度比較弱小。同時,我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)社會保險覆蓋情況、社會組織發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、教育發(fā)展以及自然災(zāi)害受災(zāi)情況都能夠?qū)Υ壬凭栀洰a(chǎn)生顯著影響。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, along with the rapid economic development and the remarkable improvement of the people's living standards in China, the income gap has further widened and social contradictions have intensified. Problems such as the high number of people living in poverty in urban and rural areas are also emerging. People have come to realize that it is important to establish a government-led social security system to ensure current social needs. But it is not enough to rely solely on government public finances to support the system. Charity, as the "gentle hand" of the third income distribution, has quietly stepped into our view. Since 1981, China has established a semi-official China Children's Fund. In 2004, for the first time, the fourth Plenary session of the 16 CPC Central Committee explicitly proposed to "improve the social security system of social insurance, social assistance, social welfare and philanthropy," and finally, after a long deliberation, the Charities Law finally landed on 2016. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the philanthropy of our country has experienced a series of twists and turns, and has finally ushered in a booming spring. With the rapid development of philanthropy in our country, there has also been academic research on philanthropy in various disciplines. Domestic scholars have come from different angles. Using different methods, carefully analyzing the development of philanthropy in China, In order to provide objective and rigorous advice for the healthy and steady development of philanthropy in China, this paper focuses on the study of the crowding-out effect of charitable donation in China. The academic field in many European and American countries is no longer a new proposition. However, there are very few studies on this issue in our country, and even the special research on charitable donation is not very rich. In view of this, this paper summarizes and summarizes the research situation on this subject at home and abroad. Based on the data of social aid expenditure and charitable donation of provincial government from 1997 to 2014, the static panel data is constructed to test the crowding out effect of social aid expenditure on private charitable donation. Our government's public expenditure on social assistance does have a more significant crowding-out effect on private charitable donation, but the degree of extrusion is weaker. At the same time, we also find that social insurance coverage. The development of social organizations, education and natural disasters can have a significant impact on charitable donations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D632.9

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