本文關(guān)鍵詞： 新中國(guó)初期 蘇聯(lián) 新聞?wù)?借鑒 影響　出處：《河南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：新中國(guó)初期,我國(guó)實(shí)行向蘇聯(lián)的“一邊倒”,一個(gè)普遍的口號(hào)是,“蘇聯(lián)的今天就是我們的明天”。新聞界反復(fù)宣傳學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)的新聞?wù)呒靶侣劰ぷ鹘?jīng)驗(yàn),期間不斷有人訪問蘇聯(lián),學(xué)習(xí)取經(jīng)。蘇聯(lián)是世界上第一個(gè)社會(huì)主義國(guó)家,對(duì)于新中國(guó)在建設(shè)社會(huì)主義新聞體系方面有著不少可供學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。新中國(guó)成立之初,學(xué)習(xí)蘇聯(lián)的新聞經(jīng)驗(yàn),不是一種隨心所欲的決策,而是當(dāng)時(shí)所處的國(guó)際環(huán)境迫使我們不得不向蘇聯(lián)新聞界學(xué)習(xí)。再者,中國(guó)新聞界之所以學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒蘇聯(lián)新聞界的理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn),是因?yàn)樘K聯(lián)共產(chǎn)黨的黨報(bào)思想指導(dǎo)著中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨新聞事業(yè)的建立,學(xué)習(xí)的成果也是顯著的。我國(guó)借鑒蘇聯(lián)新聞?wù)吆蟮谋憩F(xiàn)首先是確立新聞工作方針,組新中國(guó)家通訊社,創(chuàng)立人民廣播臺(tái)等等;在借鑒蘇聯(lián)報(bào)刊業(yè)務(wù)方面,重視讀者來信,改進(jìn)新聞報(bào)道,整頓報(bào)紙編輯部,為建設(shè)社會(huì)主義新聞?wù)叽蛳铝藞?jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。然而在報(bào)刊和廣播方面,由于對(duì)蘇聯(lián)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)盲目崇拜和生搬硬套,脫離了中國(guó)實(shí)際,也出現(xiàn)了一些不良表現(xiàn)。隨著對(duì)蘇聯(lián)新聞?wù)叩慕梃b,中共不斷地改造私營(yíng)報(bào)紙,私營(yíng)報(bào)紙的活動(dòng)空間日趨狹小,以致退出了歷史舞臺(tái);在新聞宣傳上出現(xiàn)了“輿論一律”,主要體現(xiàn)在新聞制度和思想文化宣傳兩個(gè)方面。另外,蘇聯(lián)的新聞經(jīng)驗(yàn)在很大程度上成為建設(shè)中國(guó)新聞事業(yè)的指導(dǎo)思想和理論基礎(chǔ),通過全面學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒蘇聯(lián)的新聞工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),推進(jìn)我國(guó)新聞業(yè)務(wù)的建設(shè),提高我國(guó)新聞工作者的業(yè)務(wù)水平,壯大新聞工作者的隊(duì)伍,也為我國(guó)的新聞教育培養(yǎng)了大批人才,促進(jìn)新聞教育體系的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In the early days of New China, our country was "one-sided" to the Soviet Union, and a common slogan was, "Today is our tomorrow in the Soviet Union". The press repeatedly publicized and studied the news policies and experience of the Soviet Union, and during that time there were frequent visits to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union, the first socialist country in the world, has many lessons to learn from and learn from in the construction of the socialist news system in New China. At the beginning of the founding of New China, it learned from the news experience of the Soviet Union. It was not an arbitrary decision, but the international environment that forced us to learn from the Soviet press. Moreover, the Chinese press learned and learned from the theory and experience of the Soviet press. This is because the party newspaper thought of the Communist Party of Soviet Union has guided the establishment of the news cause of the Communist Party of China, and the results of study have also been remarkable. The performance of our country after drawing lessons from the Soviet Union's news policy was first to establish a news work policy and set up a new Chinese news agency. The founding of the people's Broadcasting Station and so on; in drawing lessons from the Soviet press business, attention was paid to letters from readers, news reports were improved, and the editorial departments of newspapers were rectified, thus laying a solid foundation for the construction of socialist news policies. However, in the area of newspapers and broadcasting, As a result of blindly worshiping and imitating the Soviet Union's work experience, it has deviated from the reality of China, and there have also been some undesirable performances. With the reference to the Soviet Union's news policy, the Communist Party of China has constantly reformed the private newspapers, and the space for private newspapers has become increasingly narrow. As a result, he withdrew from the historical stage and appeared "uniform public opinion" in news propaganda, mainly in the two aspects of the news system and ideological and cultural propaganda. In addition, To a large extent, the news experience of the Soviet Union has become the guiding ideology and theoretical basis for the construction of Chinese journalism. To improve the professional level of Chinese journalists and strengthen the ranks of journalists, it has also trained a large number of talents for the journalism education of our country, and promoted the development of the journalism education system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D822.351.2

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