【摘要】：在分析黃河龍門站、潼關(guān)站歷年高含沙洪水的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了"揭河底"沖刷期潼關(guān)站汛期水沙量、洪峰期3 d水沙量、洪峰、沙峰以及洪峰時(shí)段泥沙粒徑等與龍門站的響應(yīng)關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:龍門—潼關(guān)汛期水量響應(yīng)關(guān)系較好,汛期沙量出現(xiàn)明顯衰減,高含沙洪水的沙量減幅大于一般含沙量洪水的;潼關(guān)站洪峰期3 d水、沙量均小于龍門站的,"揭河底"洪水的3 d水沙量大于沒(méi)有發(fā)生"揭河底"洪水的;對(duì)于一場(chǎng)高含沙洪水過(guò)程,流量和含沙量沿程均會(huì)衰減,發(fā)生長(zhǎng)距離"揭河底"沖刷洪水的減幅要小于沒(méi)有發(fā)生"揭河底"沖刷洪水的;近年來(lái)發(fā)生的局部"揭河底"沖刷洪水含沙量的沿程減幅明顯增大,潼關(guān)站洪峰期泥沙的中值粒徑多小于龍門站的,而發(fā)生長(zhǎng)距離"揭河底"沖刷的洪水泥沙粒徑細(xì)化程度較低,這對(duì)三門峽庫(kù)區(qū)和黃河下游河道的沖淤非常不利。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the high sediment flood in Longmen Station and Tongguan Station of the Yellow River in the past years, the flood season water and sediment amount of Tongguan Station in the period of "uncovering the river bottom", the water and sediment quantity of 3 days in Hong Feng period, the amount of water and sediment at the stage of "uncovering the river bottom", the amount of water and sediment Response relationship between sand peak and sediment particle size in Hong Feng period and Longmen station. The results show that the response of water volume in flood season of Longmen-Tongguan is good, the sediment quantity in flood season is attenuated obviously, and the sediment reduction range of high sediment bearing flood is larger than that of general sediment content flood. In Hong Feng period of Tongguan station, the amount of water and sediment is smaller than that in Longmen station, and the amount of water and sediment in 3 days of flood of "uncovering river bottom" is larger than that of "unfurling river bottom" flood. For a process of high sediment flood, the discharge and sediment content will decrease along the average, and the reduction of long distance "open river bottom" scour flood is smaller than that without "open river bottom" scour flood. In recent years, the decreasing amplitude of sediment content along local "river bottom" scouring flood has increased obviously, and the median particle size of sediment in Hong Feng period of Tongguan Station is much smaller than that in Longmen Station. However, the grain size of the flood sediment scouring in a long distance is low, which is very unfavorable to the scouring and silting of Sanmenxia Reservoir area and the lower Yellow River.
【作者單位】： 黃河水利科學(xué)研究院水利部黃河泥沙重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51209101) 中央級(jí)公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)(HKY-JBYW-2013-01) 水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201101009)
【分類號(hào)】：TV147

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