本文關(guān)鍵詞： 海塘工程 安全評價 指標(biāo)體系 權(quán)重 評價準(zhǔn)則 層次分析法 德爾菲法 專家評價法 模糊綜合評價　出處：《浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：海塘工程是浙江等沿海地區(qū)抵御風(fēng)暴潮襲擊的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和防洪防潮工程體系的重要組成部分,能有效降低臺風(fēng)、暴雨等自然災(zāi)害帶來的危害和損失,是周邊人民生命財產(chǎn)安全的重要保障。海塘安全評價是除險加固工作的一項重要前期工作,科學(xué)合理地評價海塘工程的安全性,明確海塘目前的安全等級,為海塘采取防范措施和進(jìn)一步加固提供設(shè)計依據(jù),其研究具有重要的理論價值和應(yīng)用價值。同時對及時應(yīng)對嚴(yán)峻的防洪防潮形勢,減少人民群眾和國家的災(zāi)害損失,保證公共安全具有重要的意義。在查閱大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒大壩、堤防等水工建筑物安全評價方法和經(jīng)驗,深入探討和研究了適合海塘工程的多層次綜合評價技術(shù),并建立了海塘工程安全綜合評價模型。主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： (1)構(gòu)建海塘工程安全評價指標(biāo)體系。針對海塘工程的特點,構(gòu)建了海塘工程安全綜合評價的多層次指標(biāo)評價體系。同時,明確了海塘工程評價單元、典型斷面選取的原則,為海塘后續(xù)的評價工作奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 (2)確定評價指標(biāo)的權(quán)重。將層次分析法(AHP)和德爾菲法(Delphi法)相結(jié)合,根據(jù)兩種方法計算指標(biāo)權(quán)重的相對誤差,決定其在指標(biāo)權(quán)重中所占的權(quán)值,采用加權(quán)平均法確定指標(biāo)的最終權(quán)重。 (3)擬定指標(biāo)評價準(zhǔn)則。將海塘工程待評價單項指標(biāo)分成定性指標(biāo)和定量指標(biāo),以海塘工程安全等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為基礎(chǔ),分別制定了定性指標(biāo)和定量指標(biāo)評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評分區(qū)間。 (4)建立海塘工程模糊綜合評價模型。定性指標(biāo)通過專家評價法和模糊統(tǒng)計原則確定指標(biāo)隸屬度,定量指標(biāo)根據(jù)評分和隸屬函數(shù)確定指標(biāo)隸屬度。結(jié)合評價指標(biāo)權(quán)重,按照評價指標(biāo)體系逐層進(jìn)行綜合判定得到目標(biāo)層隸屬度評價向量,根據(jù)最大隸屬度原則確定海塘的安全等級。同時結(jié)合單項指標(biāo)評分和權(quán)重,采用層次分析法得到海塘整體評分和安全等級。對比分析兩個評價結(jié)果,得出海塘工程的安全等級。 (5)海塘工程安全評價模型實例應(yīng)用。以浙江省岱山縣栲門海塘為例,運(yùn)用已建立的綜合評價數(shù)學(xué)模型,對栲門海塘進(jìn)行了綜合評價,結(jié)果表明栲門海塘屬于不安全的等級。最后,對栲門海塘存在的主要問題進(jìn)行了分析,給出了對其進(jìn)行除險加固的建議。
[Abstract]:Seawall engineering is an important part of the infrastructure and flood control and dampproof engineering system in coastal areas such as Zhejiang Province, which can effectively reduce the damage and losses caused by natural disasters such as typhoons and rainstorms. Seawall safety evaluation is an important preliminary work in the work of danger removal and reinforcement. The safety of seawall engineering is evaluated scientifically and reasonably, and the current safety grade of seawall is defined. It provides the design basis for taking preventive measures and further strengthening of seawall, and its research has important theoretical value and application value. At the same time, it can deal with the severe situation of flood control and dampproof in time. It is of great significance to reduce the disaster losses of the people and the country and to ensure public safety. Based on the reference of a large number of documents, the safety evaluation methods and experiences of hydraulic structures such as dams and levees are used for reference. The multi-level comprehensive evaluation technology suitable for seawall engineering is deeply discussed and studied, and the comprehensive evaluation model of seawall engineering safety is established. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) constructing the seawall engineering safety evaluation index system. According to the characteristics of seawall engineering, the multi-level index evaluation system of seawall engineering safety comprehensive evaluation is constructed. At the same time, the seawall engineering evaluation unit is defined. The principle of selecting typical sections lays a foundation for the subsequent evaluation of seawall. (2) determining the weight of evaluation index. Combining AHP and Delphi method, the relative error of index weight is calculated according to the two methods. The final weight of the index is determined by the weighted average method. (3) to draw up evaluation criteria for seawall engineering. The single index of seawall engineering to be evaluated is divided into qualitative index and quantitative index, which is based on the criteria of seawall engineering safety grade classification. The qualitative index and the quantitative index evaluation standard and the scoring interval were established respectively. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of seawall engineering is established. The qualitative index is determined by expert evaluation method and fuzzy statistical principle. Quantitative index is determined according to the score and membership function. Combined with the weight of evaluation index, the objective level membership evaluation vector is obtained according to the evaluation index system. According to the principle of maximum membership degree, the safety grade of seawall was determined. At the same time, combined with the single index score and weight, the overall score and safety grade of seawall were obtained by AHP, and the two evaluation results were compared and analyzed. The safety grade of seawall engineering is obtained. 5) the application of seawall engineering safety evaluation model. Taking Castanmen seawall in Daishan County, Zhejiang Province as an example, the comprehensive evaluation of Castanopsis fargesii seawall has been carried out by using the established comprehensive evaluation mathematical model. The results show that Castanopsis kawakamen seawall is an unsafe grade. Finally, the main problems of Castanopsis kawakamen seawall are analyzed, and suggestions for strengthening the seawall are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U656

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