本文選題：公共交通　切入點(diǎn)：空間分布　出處：《西北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市的形成、發(fā)展與演變依賴于交通，城市的發(fā)展又促進(jìn)了交通的發(fā)展。交通發(fā)展與城市演變相互影響，興衰與共，是不可分割的有機(jī)整體。城市交通系統(tǒng)是城市體系的主要組成部分之一，而公共交通是城市交通系統(tǒng)的主要部分。隨著城市化進(jìn)程的不斷加速，經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的日益頻繁，人口的迅猛增長(zhǎng)和城市規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大都對(duì)公共交通提出了更高的要求。公共交通的發(fā)展直接關(guān)系著城市發(fā)展效率和居民生活水平的提高。 蘭州作為國(guó)內(nèi)典型的帶狀河谷型城市，“兩山夾一河”的地形特征使其交通問(wèn)題具有典型性和代表性。交通問(wèn)題一直是制約蘭州市城市發(fā)展的重要因素之一，，因此，研究蘭州市城市交通發(fā)展，尤其是公共交通的發(fā)展，對(duì)加速城市發(fā)展十分重要。 本篇論文從城市公交空間分布以及公共交通的可達(dá)性兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究： 城市公交空間分布方面，首先介紹蘭州市公共交通發(fā)展歷程，其次從城市路網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)、機(jī)動(dòng)車保有量、跨河交通以及市政工程等方面對(duì)交通發(fā)展所面臨的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了討論；進(jìn)一步的從城市公共交通系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃指標(biāo)體系中選取了線路長(zhǎng)度、非直線系數(shù)、站點(diǎn)平均站距、線路網(wǎng)密度和站點(diǎn)覆蓋率等空間分布指標(biāo)來(lái)分析和評(píng)價(jià)蘭州市公共交通發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，認(rèn)為公交線路普遍偏長(zhǎng)，非直線系數(shù)過(guò)大，站點(diǎn)平均站距偏小、線網(wǎng)密度差異大、首末站點(diǎn)分布不均衡以及公交站點(diǎn)覆蓋率低，是公交線網(wǎng)中存在的主要問(wèn)題。 公共交通可達(dá)性方面，借助ArcGIS軟件，通過(guò)空間阻隔模型從距離、時(shí)間、費(fèi)用三個(gè)角度，對(duì)分布于黃河兩岸以及鐵路南北兩側(cè)的共80個(gè)公交始末站點(diǎn)的可達(dá)性進(jìn)行分析評(píng)價(jià)，通過(guò)線性相加得出綜合可達(dá)性分布規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明：各首末站點(diǎn)時(shí)空及費(fèi)用可達(dá)性基本呈現(xiàn)由帶狀幾何中心沿東西兩側(cè)對(duì)稱遞減分布，且東部高于西部。其中，小西湖站、西關(guān)十字站和蘭州西站的可達(dá)性位列前三甲，阿干鎮(zhèn)站、新城站和柳泉鄉(xiāng)政府站的可達(dá)性居尾。 在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一些公共交通發(fā)展的策略：優(yōu)化路網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)、發(fā)展大容量公共交通、合理規(guī)劃站點(diǎn)、積極開發(fā)水上交通、不斷提升管理水平等措施。以改善城市公交空間分布的現(xiàn)狀和提高城市公交的可達(dá)性，以期對(duì)蘭州城市交通的持續(xù)健康協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供決策參考。
[Abstract]:The formation, development and evolution of the city depend on the traffic, and the development of the city promotes the development of the traffic. The urban transportation system is one of the main components of the urban system, and the public transportation is the main part of the urban transportation system. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, economic activities become more and more frequent. The rapid growth of population and the expansion of urban scale have put forward higher requirements for public transport, the development of which is directly related to the efficiency of urban development and the improvement of residents' living standards. Lanzhou is a typical zonal river valley city in China. The topographic characteristics of "two mountains and one river" make its traffic problem typical and representative. Traffic problem has always been one of the important factors restricting the development of Lanzhou city. It is very important to study the development of urban transportation, especially the development of public transportation in Lanzhou. This paper studies the spatial distribution of urban public transport and the accessibility of public transport. In terms of the spatial distribution of urban public transport, the development course of public transportation in Lanzhou is introduced, and the problems faced by the development of public transportation are discussed from the aspects of urban road network structure, vehicle ownership, cross-river traffic and municipal engineering. Further selected from the urban public transport system planning index system, line length, non-linear coefficient, station average station distance, line network density and station coverage, and other spatial distribution indicators to analyze and evaluate the status of public transport development in Lanzhou. It is considered that the main problems in the bus network are that the bus lines are generally long, the coefficient of nonlinearity is too large, the average station distance is small, the density difference of the network is large, the distribution of the first and last stations is uneven and the coverage of the bus stations is low. In terms of public transport accessibility, with the help of ArcGIS software, the accessibility of 80 public transport stations distributed on both sides of the Yellow River and on the north and south sides of the railway is analyzed and evaluated through the spatial barrier model from the angles of distance, time and cost. The law of comprehensive reachability distribution is obtained by linear addition. The results show that the distribution of space-time and cost reachability of the first and last stations basically decreases from the center of the zonal geometry along the east and west sides, and is higher in the east than in the west. Xiguan Cross Station and Lanzhou West Station reach the top three, Agan Town Station, Xincheng Station and Liuquan township government station in the end of reachability. On this basis, some strategies for the development of public transport are put forward: optimizing the road network structure, developing large capacity public transport, rationally planning stations, and actively developing water transportation. In order to improve the present situation of urban public transport spatial distribution and improve the accessibility of urban public transport, it is expected to provide a decision reference for the sustainable and healthy coordinated development of Lanzhou urban traffic.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.191

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